关于小作文写作mayWord文档格式.docx
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c)Therewasasteadyincreasein…inallcategories.
d)Overall/Ingeneral/Onthewhole,therewasadeclinein…,regardlessoftheir(age,gender/sex,profession,race,belief)
e)Overall,…sawasteady/generalclimbin…/after…
f)Thereisanupward/downwardtrendinthenumberof…
4.部分趋势1)描述关键以及有代表性的点或者是趋势;
数字引入之前要先进行数据描述
2)描述要有顺序,顺序可能是
a)最大值最小值
b)变化最大变化最小
c)上升和下降
d)保持不变
e)从左到右,从上到下
3)数字之间要注意对比和类比,注意总量和分量的关系,注意单位
4)数字引入要使用倍数表达,可以不用非常准确的成倍
5)时态要是具体情况而定,第一段永远用现在时态,下面的段落如果有明确的时间就用过去时态或者将来时态,如果没有明确的时间就用一般现在时态。
6)要用关联词(要使用连结性词语)(转折,递进,对比,举例)表示过渡的结构
1)intermsof/in…terms,…./turningto…,…/inthecaseof…,…/asto…,…
2)whenitcomesto…,…/asfaras…isconcerned,…
3)incomparisonwith…,…/comparedwith…,…/comparativelyspeaking,…
7)在语法与句法正确的基础上,力求用不同的句型组合(如简单句,复合句,定语/表语/宾语/非谓语从句);
8)要使用同义词或者近意词语,同一个概念不要重复使用一个词,家务活→housework,householdwork,householdtasks,familywork,familytasks
9)标点符号,单词的拼写应该正确;
标点会经常使用到“—”“:
”“﹝﹞”“%”
10)如果图表中出现一项为Others,那么只需一句话带过
5.结尾部分,在可能的情况下做简单的总结;
小作文可以没有结尾,如果有也不要发表观点,不要发表有个人或者是评论性的句子;
不要用inconclusion,
分类讲解
1.PIECHART(饼图)
文字中要表达出总量与分量的关系,在两个以上的PIE中,要注意各个PIE间的比较
数据究竟代表什么应清楚
1)percentage/proportion
2)makeup/constitute/accountfor
3)thebiggestdifferencebetween2groups(A+B)isin…,whereAmakesup5%whileBconstitutes67%
4)intermsof…,whileagreaterpercentageofAthanBarefoundin…….(theformeris$%andthelatteris$%)
5)therearemoreAin……,reaching$%,comparedwith$%ofB
6)A,whichusedtobethe……..,hasbecomelessimportant,whichdeclined(increased)sharplyfrom$%in1978toonly$%in1998.
7)Thebiggestlosswasto某区域.
8)ThebiggestgainsinAweremadeby某区域.
9)比例:
20percent20%;
oneinthree1/3;
oneoutofeveryfour1/4
2.LineGraph(曲线图)
1)抓住“变化”和“趋势”
2)有两种情况其一是在不同时间段内的数据比较,另外是单独数据的全程描述。
前者适合于数据代表的物体较少且时间界限明确的情况下,后者适合于描述数据对象很多且时间划定不清晰。
当然依据考试中的题目来决定。
语言点:
1)变化状态幅度词(副词)(要依据描述的情况决定)
轻微-----slightly,slowly(速度),steadily(平缓)逐渐----gradually
显著-----significantly,remarkably急剧-----rapidly,dramatically,abruptly,sharply,steeply突然---suddenly趋势---trendinclinationtendency
表示程度:
almostadv.几乎,差不多nearlyadv.几乎,密切地approximatelyadv.近似的,大约aboutadv.附近,大约,转向,左右,周围justover刚超过overadv.结束,越过,从头到尾exactlyadv.正确地,严密地preciselyadv.正好精确地;
清晰地
2)变量幅度词语
★增加-----increase(vt&
vi&
n);
rise(vi&
n);
grow(vi);
jump,goup,ascend,levelup,surge,soar(vi);
ontherise(prep.);
climb(vi.);
recover略有回升
★减少----decrease(vt&
fall(vi&
drop(vi&
decline(vi&
godown,fall,descend,leveldown,onthedecline(prep.);
diminish(vt&
vi)
★平稳或不变,水平----keep/stay/remain/maintainstable,----steady,besimilarto,thereislittle/hardly/no/anychange/remainstable;
remainunchanged;
remainthesameassth.;
leveloff/out
★最高-----reachthehighestpoint/thetop/thesummit/themaximum/thepeak/themost/peakin(at)
★最低-----reachthelowestpoint/theminimum/thebottom/bottomout
★波动:
fluctuate(vi);
fluctuation(n)
★交叉-----correspondwithin----year;
---crossingthelinefor-----
3)时间幅度词语
Duringtheperiod1970—1999;
From1970to1999;
Sincetheearly1970s;
In1970------thenin1980-----adecadelater
inthe5yearsspanningfrom1995through2000,…
fromthenon/fromthistimeonwards,…
afterthat/afterwards,…
overaperiodofsixyears.
overa25-yearperiodbetween1975and2000.
4)基本句型
Therewas变化趋势inthenumberofAfrom1986-1990(overnext…..yeas),whichwasfollowedby变化趋势andthen变化趋势until1998whentherewas变化趋势forthenext….years
From1990onwards,therewas变化趋势inthenumberofAwhichthen变化趋势at$%in1994.
In1990,thenumberreached(was)$%,but30yearslatertherewas变化趋势.
After变化趋势from…to…,Abegin变化趋势overthenext….years.
Thenumberof…increasedrapidlyfrom1988to1990duringthefive-yearperiod
Therewasarapidincreasefrom1988to1990duringthefive-yearperiod
Ahasalmost/nearly/about/overaquarter/half/twice/onethird/asmanystudentsas/asmuchmoneyas/B;
Ahasabout/approximately/exactly/preciselythesamenumber/proportion/amountofstudents/moneyas…..
Ithasreachedsomethingofaplateau,Xpercent/anaverageofXpercentinthepastfewyearsin1998.
inthe3yearsspanningfrom1995through1998...
thepercentageof...isslightlylarger/smallerthanthatof.....
thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof.
....decreasedyearbyyearwhile...increasedsteadily....
hereisanupwardtrendinthenumberof
..(year)witnessed/sawasharprisein.....
ahassomethingincommonwithb/thedifferencebetweenaandbliesin..
3.柱状图(Barchart)
注意点:
1)柱图主要是陈列的数据比较多,不能将所有的信息写出,只能抓住重点与关键点来写(这些点可以是最大、小值;
最高、低值;
差距最大最小点等等)都需要结合题目来分析,对于一些点的特征具有相似性应该采用统一合并的方法,不能每有项都列出。
2)应该根据一定的顺序来写,否则会因逻辑不合理而失分
1)一般是以比较级与最高级的句子形式出现如
Lowincomeconsumedmorehamburgersthanothergroup(=morethanothergrouponhamburgers),spendingmorethantwice/asmuchashamburgersthanFCandPizza(bothabout40%)
Highincomefavoredpizza,spending$%,followedbyFCat$%,thenhamburgerat$%.
Highincomeappearedtolessthanothergrouponhamburgers,withpizzaremainingtheirmostpopularfast-food,followedbyFC.
In1975,among3oftheworld’slargestcities,SanPaulohadthehighestpopulation(about0.5billion),and……isthesecondhighest(about…..)……hadthelowestpopulation(about….).
Asaresultin1990,thenumberof….appearsthelargestpopulation,closelyfollowedby…,then…….at……
Thetablebelowshowsthefiguresforimprisonmentin3countriesbetween1930-1960ingreatBritain,thenumbersinprisonhasincreasedfrom….in1930to….in1940,apartfromin1950whenthenumbersinprisonfellby….
Ontheotherhand,NewZealandandAustraliaaretheonlytwocountriesinwhichthenumbersinprisonremainsteadyfrom1930-1960,althoughtherehavebeenslightlyfluctuationsinthistrend.
Intheperiod1975to1990,allcitiesshowedagrowth,TokyoandNewYorkhadbyfarthelargestincrease(about…..).sanPaulohadthesmallestgrowth(about…)
Therewerenofiguresgivenformalepart-timeworkers.
Inunemployedgroup,menenjoyedmoreleisuretime---over80%,comparedwith40%forwomen(同一群体的比较),markedlymorethanwomeninretiredgroup(不同群体的比较).
4.流程图
1)与物体、地图的描述一样,保持相同的作题原则
2)一定要按照顺序来说明
3)明确图片上要求说明的内容是什么,不要随意编造
流程图常用句型
1.描述过程,流程常用句子
Thefollowingdiagraphshowsthestructureof…
Thepictureillustrates……
Itmainlyconsistsof……
Itworksasfollows.
Italwaysinvolvesfollowingsteps.
Thewholeprocedurecanbedividedinto…stages.
2.描述流程,过程的常用过渡性词语
firstly;
secondly;
thirdly/finally
thefirststepisto;
thenextstepisto;
thelaststepisto
thefirststageinvolves;
inthenextstage;
inthefollowingstage;
inthelaststage
firstofall;
tobeginwith;
next;
then;
later
atthesametime;
simultaneously;
subsequently;
consequently
beforethis;
during;
afterthis;
inthecourseof
inorderto/inordernotto;
inorderthat;
soasto/soasnotto
3.描述流程的文章,应说明:
1.首先说明是做什么工作的过程,目的是什么
2.准备工作
3.按时间/过程先后描述
4.结果
5.简单总结(可有可无)
4.描述一个实物/器具的工作过程,文章应分以下几点:
1.实物是什么,做什么用的
基本结构
工作过程
简单总结介绍功能
2.Theillustrationisofa_______whichisdesignedto(dosomething)
说明构成部分A______ismadeupof/consistsof/comprisesHowmany?
Anumberofparts/sections
描述各个部件功能不要用you,one可以用we,theoperator(单数个体)First,(thecyclist)putshisorher_____onthe____
5.要有一定的顺序,不要将每个部分单独写出,应该将能够合并的一起结合,注意用以下句型(被动态,定语从句,非谓语动词)
雅思考试图表作文的常用句型
1.表示引入“数据”的句子结构
1)Theprofitroseto10%.
2)Theprofitremainedsteadyat10%.
3)Themonthlyprofitincreased/fellby10%from20%to30%/from30%to20%.
4)Theprofitsoaredtoarecordhighof50%.
5)Thenumberisontherise.
6)Chinaaccountsfor/occupy/constitute/makeup/represent…%ofthestudents.
7)Chinahad/claimed/reported/enjoyedthelargestpercentage/number(10%/245)ofthestudents.
2.表示“数据变化”的句子结构
1)Thenumberofsth.climbeddramatically/suddenly/rapidly/significantly/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly/slightlyfrom…to…
2)Therewasadramatic/sudden/rapid/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slightincreaseinthenumberof…
3)Thegreatestincreaseoccurredbetween…and…
4)Thegraphshowsathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof…
5)…(某一年或某几年)witnessed/saw/experiencedasharprisein…
6)…hasbeenonthedeclineovertheperiod…
7)A,whichusedtobethe……..,hasbecomelessimportant,whichdeclined(increased)sharplyfrom$%in1978toonly$%in1998.
8)Thebiggestchangeoccurredintheperiodfrom1985to1995,when…
9)Therewasaminorfluctuationbetween…and…
10)sth.fluctuatedbetween…and…
11)Theprofitpercentage/Thepercentageofprofitdoubled(increasedthreefold)fromMarchtoMay.
12)Fromthisyearon,therewasagradualdecline/reductioninthe…,reachingafigureof…
13)Overtheperiodfrom…to…,…remainedleve