非谓语动词Word文件下载.docx
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get/havesthdone
（3）wouldrather,hadbetterdo
2.如果不定式对前面do的意思作精确解释，不定式符号to可省略。
1）LeonardodaVinci（1452—1519）______birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.
A.issaidtobebuying
B.issaidtohavebought
C.hadsaidtobuy
D.hassaidtohavebought
2）Isendyou100dollarstoday，therest______inayear.
A.followsB.followed
C.tofollowD.beingfollowed
3）Theimportantthingyoudois______yourbalance.
A.keptB.beingkept
C.tohavekeptD.keep
4）Thechairlooksratherhard，butinfactitisverycomfortableto______.
A.sitB.sitonC.beseatD.besaton
二、动名词
动名词由V-ing构成，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。
Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.
1.动名词作宾语
①动名词与不定式都可作宾语，且意义相同的有：
like，love，begin，start，continue，prefer。
②动名词与不定式作宾语意义不同，不定式指要做而还没做的事，而动名词则表示已做过的事。
这些词有：
forget，regret，remembergoon，mean，stop，try等。
Sheregrettedmissingthelecture.
Sheregrettedtotellhimthathehasfailed.
只能跟动名词不能跟不定式做宾语的动词:
admit,advise,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,mind,postpone,practise,quit,risksuggest,escape,finish,hate,imagine,excuse,acknowledge,fancy,include,justify,resist,resume,recall
结构：
feellikedoing
spendtime（in）doing
havedifficulty/trouble/problem/fun/agoodtime/hardtime（in）doing
bebusydong
can’thelpdoing
Thereisnouse/good/point（in）doing
Itisofnouse/goodtodo
③need，want，require三个动词，当主语是动作的承受者时，后面的宾语有两种形式，即：
need/want/require+doing/tobedone。
Theclassroomneedscleaning.
（2）动名词的复合结构形式为：
名词所有格或物主代词+doing。
有时由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动名词构成。
在句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词。
Hiscomingmademeveryhappy.
Hedidn’tmindmy/mecrying.
Whatworriedthechildmostwas______tovisithismotherinthehospital.
A.hisnotallowed
B.hisnotbeingallowed C.hisbeingnotallowed
D.havingnotbeenallowed
在口语中可用普通格或宾格，但在句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词。
Ireallycan’tunderstand______herlikethat.
A.youtreat
B.youtotreat C.whytreat
D.yourtreating
1.动名词的时态与语态。
动名词的时态有一般时和完成时两种，如果动名词表示的是一般状况或动名词的动作与谓语动作差不多同时发生，动名词用一般时即可。
（1）动名词的一般时。
—CanIsmokehere？
—Sorry.Wedon’tallow______here.
A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmokeC.tosmokeD.smoking
（2）动名词的完成时（havingdone）。
表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
Sheregrettedhavingmissedthebus.
三、分词的用法。
②作定语。
通常单个的分词做定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语做定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后。
过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作,所以只有一般时没有完成时。
Doyouknowthegirlstandingbythewindow?
Haveyoureadthebookwrittenbyhim?
Things______nevercomeagain！
Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.
A.lostB.losing
C.toloseD.havelost
Thebell______theendoftheperiodrang，______ourheateddiscussion.
A.indicating；
interrupting
B.indicated；
interrupting
C.indicating；
interrupted
D.indicated；
interrupted
③作表语。
作表语多表示主语所具有的特征。
Thestoryissoastonishing./interesting,thatwewereinterestedinit.
通常表示主语所处的状态或感受。
Pleaseremain______untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.
A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated
④作补足语。
动词see，watch，hear，feel，find，get，keep，observe，notice，后可接补足语。
Seesbdoing
Findsb–ed:
Hefoundhimselfsurroundedbyenemies
Ifoundhimseatedunderatree，readingabook.
①作状语。
分词或分词短语作状语时，可表原因、时间、行为方式和伴随状况等。
Heisstandingatthestop,waitingforthebus.
Havingcompletedhistermpaper,hewenttotheseashoreforaholiday.
_____herefor10years,heknowstheplaceverywell.
A.livedB.Living
C.havinglivedD.tolive
Giventhechance,hewilldoagoodjob.
HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity，______foradegreeincomputerscience.
A.studiedB.studying
C.tohavestudied
D.havingstudid
当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，分词必须有自己的主语。
Itbeingfine，wewanttogoout.
Weatherpermitting,wewillgocampingthisweekend.
Workfinished,theywenthome.
五．独立主格
1.逻辑主语+V-ing
这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。
如：
1.__________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.
A.TherebeingB.BeingC.HavingbeenD.Therewas
2._______Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'
topen.
A.BeingB.Therebeing
C.ItbeingD.Havingbeen
2、逻辑主语+V-ed
该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
._________,thetrainstarted.
A.ThesignalgivenB.GivingthesignalC.ThesignalbeinggivenD.Thesignalgiving
3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）
该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。
1.___________,thepatientcanleavethehospital.
A.BetterconditionsB.ConditionsbetterC.ConditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions
4、逻辑主语+介词短语
该结构相当于不带动词的“主—系—介词短语”结构。
1.Theboyfollowedthenoblemanhere,___________.
A.aswordinhandB.aswordinhishandB.BeingaswordinhandD.swordinhand
练习
1._____
fromthetopoftheTVtower,wecangetabeautifulsightofmost
ofthecity.
A.Tosee
B.Seen
C.Seeing
D.See
2.Allthings_____,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.
A.beconsidered
B.considering
C.havingconsidered
D.considered
3.Generallyspeaking,______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.
A.Whentaking
B.whentaken
C.whentotake
D.whentobetaken
4._____in1613,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStated.
A.beingfounded
B.Founded
C.Itwasfounded
D.Founding
5.IfyougotoXi’an,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly_____.
A.supposed
B.supposing
C.tosuppose
D.suppose
6.Ireallyappreciate_____tohelpme,butIamnotsurethatIwillbeabletomanagebymyself.
A.youtoofferB.youroffering
C.thatourofferD.thatyouroffering
7._____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.
A.Whencompared
B.Compare
C.Whilecomparing
D.Comparing
8.Mrs.Bushstood______foramomentwhenanoldsoldiersuddenlyappearedbeforeher.
A.surprised
B.surprising
C.beingsurprised
D.tobesurprised
9.___aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.
A.Leaving
B.Left
C.Tobeleft
D.Havingleft
10.______inafriendlyway,theirquarrelcametoanend.
A.Beingsettled
B.Havingsettled
C.Settled
D.Settling
11._____inthisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemsodisappointing.
A.Tolook
B.Lookingat
C.Lookedat
D.Tobelookedat
Thebuilding_____willbeournewlibrary
A.builtB.havingbuilt
C.beingbuiltD.Havingbeenbuilt
Thebuilding_____in1989isournewlibrary
12.Mostofthephotographers_____totheconferencewerefromnorthEurope.
A.invited
B.toinvite
C.beinginvited
D.havinginvited
13.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutcouldn’tmakehimself_____.
A.hear
B.tohear
C.hearing
D.heard
14.Themanager，______itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.
A.whohasmade
B.havingmadeC.madeD.making
15.Therearemanyproblems______atthenextmeeting.
A.solvedB.tobesolvedC.solvingD.havingbeensolved
16.______,therecanbenowindonthemoon.
A.Themoonhasnoatmosphere
B.Themoonhavingnoatmosphere
C.Themoonnottohaveatmosphere
D.Themoonhavingnotatmosphere
17.______ontheroad,thecarwasstopped.
A.HavingseenabombB.Seeingabomb
C.ThedriverseeingabombD.Tohaveseenabomb
18.Theyallreturnedtothevillage,_____thatthedangerwasover.
A.convincingB.convincedC.toconvinceD.havingconvinced
19.Suddenlythereappearedayoungwoman_______ingreen.
A.dressingB.dressedC.beingdressedD.tobedressed
20.Alice,_____wheretofindthebook,askedhermother.
A.nottoknowB.nevertoknow
C.withnoknowledgeD.notknowing
21.______animportantexamination,hedecidedtogiveuphisstudy.
A.failedB.Havebeenfailed
C.TofailD.Havingfailed
22.Timcannotbut______histeacherothelphimsolvethedifficulty.
A.toaskB.askC.askingD.asked
21.Ifound______toansweallthequestionswithinthetimegiven.
A.nopossibilityB.thereisimpossibility
c.impossibleD.itimpossible
22.Thework_____,theyplacedtoolsinplace.
A.wasfinishedB.finished
C.havingfinishedD.hadbeenfinished
23.Weather______fine,theydecidedtogooutforawalk.
A.isB.was.C.beingD.having
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