变否定句规则.docx

变否定句规则.docx

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变否定句规则

变否认句规那么

一、一般现在时变否认句的规那么.

                 （a）含有amisare的句子,变否认句时, 只需在amisare后加not.

                             例1Thisisabook.

                                   否认句Thisisnotabook.

                             例2Iamateacher.

                                  否认句Iamnotateacher.

                            例3Thesearepens.

                                 否认句Thesearenotpens.

                 （b）含有实义动词的句子，变否认句分两步。

                   〔1〕如果主语是第三人称单数时，要在实义动词前加doesn't,后面的动词用原形。

                          例1Heeatsanapple.

                                  否认句Hedoesn'teatanapple. 

                           例2Jimdoeshishomework.

                                  否认句Jimdoesn'tdohishomework.

                          例3Marrygoestoschool.

                                否认句Marrydoesn'tgotoschool.

（2）如果主语不是第三人称单数时，只需在实义动词前加don't.

                          例1IteachEnglish.

                               否认句Idon'tteachEnglish.

                          例2Theygotoschool.

                              否认句Theydon'tgotoschool. 

                         例3Wesingasong.否认句Wedon'tsingasong.

           （c）含有情态动词的句子,变否认句时,只需在情态动词后加not.

                         例1Icandance.

                               否认句Icannotdance.     或Ican'tdance. 

                         例2TheycanspeakEnglish.

                               否认句 TheycannotspeakEnglish. 或Theycan'tspeakEnglish.

                       例3Hemustgohome. 

                             否认句 Hemustnotgohome. 或Hemustn'tgohome.

                      例4He must be on the playground.

                           Hecan notbeon the playground.

                           析：

当must be用来表示推测，有“一定〞的含义时，

                                  否认式要用can not.

                    例5Youmustsaysomethingatthemecting.

                        Youneedn’tsayanythingatthemecting.

                      析：

当“must+行为动词〞用来表示“必须〞的含义时，

                         其否认式可用needn’t或mustn't表示“不需要〞，“不必〞，

                        语气委婉，must not表示“禁止〞，“千万别〞语气生硬。

                 例6You may come in now.

                       You mustn'tcomeinnow.

                      析：

may作为情态动词表示“可以〞时， 其否认式用must not,而不用may  not.

               例7HemaywatchTV.

                      Hemustn'twatchTV.

   注意:

（1）见到some变否认句时,要换成any.

                  例1Ieatsomeapples. 

                          否认句Idon'teatanyapples.

                 例2Hehassomebooks.

                       否认句Hedoesn'thave anybooks.

                  例3Hedoeshishomework.

                      否认句Hedoesn'tdohishomework.

（2）见到and变否认句时,要换成or.

             例1Thereissomeairand wateronthemoon.

                    否认句Thereisn'tanyairorwateronthemoon.

             例2Hehassomebrothersandsisters.

                  否认句Hehasn'tanybrothersorsisters.

             例3Heeatsapplesandoranges.

                否认句Hedoesn’teatapplesororanges.

      （3）见到too和also变否认句时,要换成either.

 　          例1.Tomgoestoschooltoo.

　 　　　     否认句Tomdoesn’tgotoschooleither.

　　            too和also用于肯定句中时，否认句中用either替换。

  〔4〕见到already变否认句时,要换成yet。

　        例1Hehashadsupperalready.

　 　　      Hehasn’thadsupperyet.

　　       随着对谓语动词的否认，某些副词也要作相应的变动。

     英语句型转换错误分析：

肯定句变否认句

　　1.Ithinksheisthere.

　　 误：

Ithinksheisn’tthere.

　　 正：

Idon’tthinksheisthere.

　　 析：

英语中think,believe,expect,suppose等表示信念和揣测的动词，

          后接that从句时，习惯上将从句中的否认形式转移到主句上，

          即否认主句谓语，不否认从句谓语。

　　2.Hecansingthissongandthatone.

　　 误：

Hecannotsingthissongandthatone.

　　 正；Hecannotsingthissongorthatone.

　　 析：

肯定句中的连词and在否认句中一般要改为or。

　　3.Tomwenttoschooltoo.

　 　误：

Tomdidn’tgotoschooltoo.

　　 正：

Tomdidn’tgotoschooleither.

　　 析：

too和also用于肯定句中时，否认句中用either替换。

　　4.Hehashadsupperalready.

　 　误：

Hehasn’thadsupperalready.

　　 正：

Hehasn’thadsupperyet.

　　 析：

随着对谓语动词的否认，某些副词也要作相应的变动。

  5.Hehadagoodrestjustnow.

　　 误：

Hehadn’tagoodrestjustnow.

　　 正：

Hedidn’thaveagoodrestjustnow.

　 　析：

have在表示开会、吃饭、休息、进行体育锻炼等词组中是行为动词，

             否认句用助动词来完成。

 6.Let’sdoit.

　　 误：

Let’sdon’tdoit.

　　 正：

Don’tlet’sdoit.或Let’snotdoit.

　　 析：

let后接的是不带to的不定式，变为否认式，

                直接在句首前加Don’t或在不定式前加not。

 7.Healwaysgetsthereontime.

　　 误：

Hedoesn’talwaysgetthereontime.

　　 正：

Henevergetsthereontime.

　　 析：

Hedoesn’talwaysgetthereontime意为

             “他并非老是准时到那儿〞，是局部否认，

             习惯上把句中的副词改为相应的表示否认的副词即可。

如：

　     　Itoftenrainshere.Itseldomrainshere.

　8.Behereearlytomorrow.

　　 误：

Benothereearlytomorrow.

　　 正：

Don’tbehereearlytomorrow.

　　析