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YueyangTowerwasoriginallybuiltforsoldierstorestonandwatchout.IntheThreekingdomsPeriod,Lusu,GeneralofWuState,trainedhissoldiershereandthenrebuiltitasatowertoreviewhistroops.
Intheforthyear(716A.C)ofKaiyuanofTangDynasty,GeneralZhangshuowasdispatchedtodefendatyuezhouandherebuiltitintoaTowernamedSouthTower,andthenYueyangTower.Intheforthyear(1044A.C)ofQingliofSongDynasty,TengZijingwasstationedatBalingJun,theancientnameofYueyangcity.Inthesecondyear,hehadtheYueyangTowerrepairedandhadpoemsbypreviouspoetsinscribedonthewallsoftheTower.FanZhongyan,agreatartistandpoet,wasinvitedtowritethewell-knownpoemaboutYueyangTower,inhisessaywhichentitled《APanegyricoftheYueyangTower》,thetwosentencesFanwrites:
“Bethefirsttoworryaboutthetroublesacrosstheland,thelasttoenjoyuniversalhappiness”haveforthousandsofyearsbeenawell-quoteddictumandmadethetowerevenbetterknownthenbefore.
ThearchitecturalstyleofYueyangTowerisquiteunique.Themaintoweris21.35metershighwith4columns,3stories,flyingeave,helmetroofandwoodconstruction,thehelmet-roofofsuchalargedimensionisararityamongtheancientarchitecturesinChina.
Enteringthetower,you"
llpassthefamouscouplet:
"
Dongtingisthewateroftheworld,Yueyangisthetoweroftheworld."
Movingon,thereisaplatform(Dianjiangtai)thatoncefunctionedasthetraininggroundforthenavyofThree-KingdomperiodgeneralLusu.ToitssouthistheHuaifuPavilioninmemoryofDufu(712-770AD),whowasthefamouspoetduringtheTangdynastyandwrotethefamouspoem<
>
andlaterdiedinthecity.SteppingoutoftheXiaoxiangDoor,theSaintPlumPavilion(Xianmeiting)andtheThreeDrunkardsPavilion(Sanzuiting)canbeseenstandingontwosides.InthegardentothenorthofthetoweristhetombofXiaoqiao,thewifeofZhouyu,anotherfamousThree-Kingdomgeneral.
湖南.岳麓书院——英文导游辞
LadiesandGentlemen:
TodaywewillgoandvisittheYueluAcademy!
YueluAcademyisoneofthefourfamousacademiesinChina,anditwasestablishedbyZhudong,magistrateofTanzhouprefecturein976A.DatthetimeofNorthernSongDynasty.TheacademyaccepteddisciplesthroughouttheSong,Yuan,MingandQingDynasties.Itwasonlyin1903thattheacademywastransformedfromaschooloftraditionalConfucianlearningtoaninsituteofhigherlearningandin1926itwasofficiallynamedHunanUniversity.
Earlyin1015,EmperorZhenZongoftheSongDynastyawardedtheacademyhidMajesty’sownhandwriting“YueluAcademy”onatablet.Formthenonmanyfamousscholarsandgreatthinkersgavelectureshere,amongthemwereZhangshi,ZhuxiandWangYangming,thusmakingagreatimpactontheprovince’scultureandeducation.MostoftheexistingbuildingsherewereconstructionsoftheMingandQingDynasties,andthebulkoftheengravedstoneplatesandinscribedtabletshaveallbeenkeptintact,In1956theacademywaslistedasahistoricalsiteattheprovinciallevelandlater,in1988itbecameahistoricalsiteatthestatelevel.Thelastrestorationprojectstartedin1981andthemajorpartwascompletedin1987.
Now,hereweareatthe“HeXiPlatform”,“HeXi”meansthe“thesplendourofthesunrise”,ItwasnamedbyZhuxi,agreatidealistphilosopheroftheConfucianschoolduringtheSongDynasty,TheplatformwasfirstbuiltonthetopofYueluhill,byZhanshi,andlaterin1528,apavilionwasbuiltonit,Butitbecamedesertedwiththepassingtime.In1790Luodian,themasteroftheacademy,builtaplatformatthepresentsite,In1820,thesucceedingmaster,OuyangHoujun,renamedit“HeXiPlatform”inordertomemoryZhuxiandZhanshi.Itwasrestoredin1868.
OntheinnerwallsoftheplatformaretwobigChinesecharacters“Fu”and“Shuo”,whichmean“blessing”and“longevity”respectively.LegendhasitthattheCharacter“Shuo”waswrittenwithabroomsoakedinyellowmudbyaTaoistmasteratthetimeMasterLuodianwasattendingabanquetinhonouroftheexaminationofficialsandthosedispelswhohadpassedthecivilexamHenceithasbeenregardedashaving“celestialtouch”Thecharacter“Fu”waswrittenbyLuodian,themasterhimself.
ThisgateinfrontofusistheMainGate,thegatewasformerlybuiltatthetimeoftheSongDynasty,andwasthencalled“CentralGate”.Themaingateunderwentbothdestructionandreconstructioninthecourseoftime.Thepresentstructurewasoncethoroughlyrenovatedin1868.
Thecharacters“YueluAcademy”onthehorizontaltabletwereinscribedbyEmperorZhenZongoftheSongDynasty.ItwaspresentedasanawardtoZhoushi,themasteroftheacademy,whenhewassummonedtotheemperor’spresence.Onbothdoorpostsarecoupletswhichread“ThekingdomofChu,uniquehomeofthetalents,TheAcademyofYuelu,theverycradleofall”.ItwascomposedintheQingDynastybythemasteroftheacademy,YuanJiangangandhisdiscipleZhangRenjie.ThisgatewastheSecondGate,Itwasfirstbuiltin1527duringtheMingDynasty.Itunderwentrepairsandrestorationmanytimes.ItwascompletelydevastatedduringtheAnti-JapaneseWar.In1984,thegatewasrestoredtoitsformerstate.
ThisistheLectureHall,wherethestudentshadlessonshere,itwasfirstbuiltatthetimeoftheSongDynastyandwasoncenamed“JingYiHall”.Now,ithasamoreelaboratename“TheHalloftheLoyalty,FilialityHonestyandIntegrity”,becauseontheinnerwallsofthehallareengravedfourbigChineseCharacters:
“loyalty,filiality,honestyandintegrity.Theywerehandwritingbythegreatscholar,Zhuxi,whooncelecturedhere.Others,suchastheSchoolRegulations,theAdministrationsandWaytoReadweremasterpiecesofthemastersoftheacademy.Onthetwohorizontaltabletshangingontopwerewritten:
“Learnbeforeyoucanprobetheinfinitenessoftheuniverse.”
“ThedoctrinestaughthereinthesoutharegenuineConfuciandoctrines.”
TheywereinscribedbytheemperorKangxiandQianlongrespectivelyduringtheQingDynasty.
ThebuildinginfrontofusistheYushuLibrary,“yushu”literallymeans“imperialbooks”,soYushuLibrary,builtin999A.DintheearlySongDynasty,wasaplacetokeepimperialbooks.Bookswerecontinuouslysenthereduringthesucceedingdynasties.Thelibrarywasfirstnamed“ClassicsTreasuringHouse”intheSongDynasty,“ClassicVeneratingHouse”intheYuanandMingDynasties,andfinally“YushuLibrary”intheQingDynasty,.Ithadbeenrepairedandexpandedmanytimes,andnowithasacollectionofovertwentythousandChineseclassics.Thisbuildingwasrebuiltonitsoriginalsitein1986.
ThetwosmallpavilionsXiQuanandNiLan,builtduringtheSongandMingDynasties,wererestoredtotherightandleftofthecompoundgalleriesinordertodisplayculturalrelics.
湖南.韶山——英文导游辞
LadiesandGentlemen:
Today,wewillgoandvisitShaoshan,thehometownofChairmanMao.Shaoshanisasmallmountainvillageabout100kmsouthwestofChangsha,thecapitalofHunanprovince,withsomefairlybeautifulsceneryandaoncetypicallyHunanvillageatmosphere,Shaoshanhasbeenirreparablychangedbyhistory.Onthe26thDecember1893,ababywasborninalittlehouseinthisvillage,toarelativelywealthypeasantcouple.ThechildwastogrowuptobecomeChina"
sGreatHelmsman,ChairmanMaoZedong,anditwasinthisregionthathespenthischildhoodandyouth,attendingschoolandhelpinghisfatherwithhiswork.
Asthehometownofthegreatmanofthegeneration,nowShaoshanisoneoftheimportanttouristzonesinHunanprovince.ThemajortouristsitesincludingtheFormerresidenceofChairmanMao,MemorialHallofMaoZedong,Water-drippingCaveandStelesForestofMao"
sPoems,andsoon.
TheformerresidenceofChairmanMaoisthemostinterestingsite.Enteredthroughacourtyard,thehouseisofasunnyyellow,mudbrickwalls,withanicelythatchedroof,andisfoundonawoodedhillside,abovesomelushpaddyfields.Thereare13andonehalfroomsintheFormerresidence,whichincludeoneandhalfcentralroom,akitchen,adiningroom,threefamilybedroomsandaguestroom.WithintheroomsarevariouspersonaleffectsofMaoandhisparents,aswellasphotosfromMao"
slife.
Thisisthecentralroom,itwasusedbytwofamilies:
Mao’sfamilyandtheirneighbor.SowesaidthatthereisonlyonehalfofthecentralroombelongstoMao’sfamily.Andthisistherekitchen,whereChairmanMaooftenhelpedhismotherdoingsomehouseworkinhischildhood.GothroughthekitchenwasChairmanMao’sparent"
sbedroom,therearetwophotosofChairmanMao’sparentsontheinnerwall,anditwasinthisroomwhereChairmanMaowasborn.
TheDrippingWaterCave,about3kmnorthwestofthevillage,isaverypopulardestination,possiblybecauseofthefactthatMaoallegedlyspent11dayshereintheearlydaysoftheCulturalRevolutionYears(1966-76),contemplatingtheunknown.
湖南.南岳大庙——英文导游辞
TodaywewillgoandvisittheNanyueTemple,NanyueTempleissituatedonthenortherntipofNanyueTownshipandatthesouthernfootofChidiPeak.Inalayoutofninerows,Itisthelargestandbest-preservedancientpalatialarchitecturalcomplexofsouthChina.Magnificentandsplendidwithresplendentupturnedeaves.Insidetheeastinp