英语六级大阅读 复习资料Word文档格式.docx
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Parentssurveyrevealagenerationofyoungpeoplewhogetalongwellwiththeirparentsandapproveofthewaythey'
rebeingraised.Theythinkoftheirparentswithaffectionandrespect.TheyspeakwithMomorDadwhentheyhaveaproblem.Mostfeelthattheirparentsunderstandthem,andtheybelievetheirfamilyistheNo.1priorityintheirparents,lives.Manyeventhinktheirparentsarecool!
Althoughmorethanathirdhaveanobjectintheirroomstheywouldliketokeepsecretfromtheirparents,rarelyisitanythingmorealarmingthanadiaryoroff-color(低俗的)bookorCD.
[B]Suchresultsmayseemsurprisingagainstthebackgroundofshockingincidentsthatcolorthewaythemassmediaportraytheyoung.InOctober2000,,thesamemonththesurveywastaken,theWashington-basedCenterforMediaandPublicAffairswroteinitspublicationMediaMonitorthat,inarecentmonthofTVnewscoverageofAmericanyouth,just2%ofteenswereshownathome,andjust1%wereportrayedinaworksetting.Incontrast,thecriminaljusticesystemaccountedfornearlyoneoutofeveryfivevisualbackgrounds.Nowonderparentsworrytheirownkidsmightspinoutofcontroloncetheyhittheturbulentwatersofadolescence.
[C]Theoverallfactsoughttoreassureus.Thesurveyshowsusthattoday'
steensareaffectionate,sensibleandfarhappierthantheangryandtorturedsoulsthathavebeenpaintedforusbystereotypes.Fromothersources,wealsoknowteenagecrime,drugabuseandpremaritalsexareingeneraldecline.We,ofcourse,needtopayattentiontoyoungsterswhoarefilledwithdiscontentandhostility,butweshouldnotallowtheseextremecasestodistortourviewofmostyoungpeople.
[D]MyownresearchattheStanfordCenteronAdolescenceusesin-depthinterviewswithsmallsamplesofyoungstersratherthanlarge-scalesurveys.Still,inmystudiesandothersIhaveread,IfindthesamepatternsasinUSAWEEKEND'
Ssurvey.Today'
steenagersadmiretheirparentsandwelcomeparentalguidanceaboutimportantmatterssuchascareerchoice—thoughcertainlynotMomandDad'
sadviceonmattersofpersonaltaste,suchasmusicorfashion.Whenweaskteenstochooseahero,theyusuallyselectanolderfamilymemberratherthanaremotepublicfigure.Mostteenssaytheyenjoythecompanyofbothparentsandfriends.
[E]Contrarytosomestereotypes,mostadolescentsbelievetheymustbetolerantofdifferencesamongindividuals(thoughtheydonotalwaysfindthiseasyinthecliquish(拉帮结派的)environmentofhighschool).Manyofthemvolunteerforcommunityservicewithdisadvantagedpeople.Oneprevalentqualitywehavefoundinteens,statementsaboutthemselves,theirfriendsandtheirfamiliesisastrikinglypositiveemotionaltone.Byandlarge,theseareverynicekids,andasthebandTheWhousedtosing,"
Thekidsarealright."
[F]Howmuchistoday'
sspiritofharmonyachangefromourmoreturbulentpast?
Ameregenerationago,parent-childrelationsweredescribedas"
thegenerationgap"
.Yeteventhenreportsofwidespreadyouthrebellionwereoverdone:
Mostkidsinthe'
60sand70ssharedtheirparents,basicvalues.Still,itistruethatAmericanfamiliesaregrowingcloseratthedawnofthisnewmillennium(千年).Perhapsthereislesstofightabout,withthecountryinaperiodoftranquilityandthedangersofdrugabuseandotherunwholesomebehaviorwellknown.Perhapsinthefaceofimpersonalandintimidatingglobalization,ayoungperson'
sfamilyfeelsmorelikeafriendlyhaventhananoppressivetrap.Andperhapsparentsareactingmorelikeparentsthanintherecentpast.Withinjustthepastfiveyears,Ihavenoticedparentsreturningtoabeliefthatteenagersneedtheguidanceofeldersratherthantheliberal,"
anythinggoes"
modeofchild-rearingthatbecamepopularinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.
[G]Butmissingfromallthesedataisthesensethattoday'
syoungcareverymuchabouttheircountry,aboutthebroadercivicandpoliticalenvironment,oraboutthefutureoftheirsociety.Theyseemtobeturninginward—generallyinapro-socialmanner,certainlywithpositivebenefitsforintimaterelationships,buttoooftenattheexpenseofaconnectionwiththepresentandfutureworldbeyond,includingthesocietytheywillonedayinherit.
[H]Recently,weexaminedmorethan400essaysonthe"
lawsoflife"
thatteensfromtwocommunitieshadwrittenaspartofaneducationalprograminitiatedbytheJohnTempletonFoundationinRadnor,Pa.Inthoseessays,andinfollow-upinterviewswithafewoftheteenagers,wefoundlotsofinsight,positivefeelingandinspirationalthinking.Butwealsofoundlittleinterestinciviclifebeyondthetightcirclesoftheirfamilyandimmediatefriends.
[I]Forexample,onlyoneboysaidhewouldliketobepresidentwhenhegrowsup.WhenIwasinhighschool,dozensinmyclassalonewouldhaveanswereddifferently.Infact,otherrecentstudieshavefoundtherehasneverbeenatimeinAmericanhistorywhensosmallaproportionofyoungpeoplehavesoughtoracceptedleadershiprolesinlocalcivicorganizations.Itisalsotroublingthatvotingratesamongouryoungesteligiblevoters——18-to24-year-olds——arewaydown:
Littlemorethanoneinfournowgotothepolls,eveninnationalelections,comparedwithalmosttwicethatmanywhen18-year-oldswerefirstgiventhevote.
[J]Inourinterviews,manystudentsviewedpoliticswithsuspicionanddistaste."
Mostpoliticiansarekindofcrooked(不诚实的)"
onestudentdeclared.Another,discussingnationalpolitics,said,"
Ifeellikeonepersoncan'
tdothatmuch,andIgettheimpressionmostpeopledon'
tthinkagroupofpeoplecandothatmuch."
Askedwhattheywouldliketochangeintheworld,thestudentsmentionedonlypersonalconcernssuchasslowingdownthepaceoflife,gaininggoodfriends,becomingmorespiritual,becomingeithermoremateriallysuccessfulorlessmateriallyoriented(dependingonthestudent'
svalues),andbeingmorerespectfuloftheEarth,animalsandotherpeople.Oneboysaid,"
I'
dratherbeconcentratingonartisticeffortsthansavingtheworldorsomething."
[K]Itisfineandhealthyforteenstocultivatetheirpersonalinterests,anditisgoodnewswhenyoungpeopleenjoyharmoniousrelationswiththeirfamilyandfriends.Butthereisalsoaplaceinayounglifefornoblepurposesthatincludeadedicationtothebroadersociety,aloveofcountryandanaspirationtomaketheirownleadershipcontributions.
[L]Inthepast,theyounghaveeagerlyparticipatedinnationalserviceandcivicaffairs,oftenwithlotsofenergyandidealism.Ifthisisnothappeningtoday,weshouldaskwhy.Oursocietyneedsthefullparticipationofitsyoungercitizensifitistocontinuetothrive.Weknowthepromiseisthere—thisisawell-grounded,talented,warm-heartedgroupofyoungsters.Wehaveeverythingtogainbyencouragingthemtoexploretheworldbeyondtheirimmediateexperienceandtopreparethemselvesfortheirturnatshapingthatworld.
【】
36)Notmanyyoungpeopleeligibleforvotingareinterestedinlocalornationalelectionsthesedays.
37)Parentsareconcernedthattheirchildrenmaygetinvolvedincriminaloffencesoncetheyreachtheirteens.
38)Evenduringtheturbulentyearsoflastcentury,youthrebellionwasoftenexaggeratedinthemedia.
39)Teenagersoftodayoftenturntotheirparentsforadviceonsuchimportantmattersascareerchoice.
40)Theincidenceofteenagecrimeandmisbehaviorisdecreasingnowadays.
41)Youngpeopleshouldhaveloftyidealsinlifeandstrivetobeleaders.
42)Someyoungpeopleliketokeepsomethingtothemselvesanddon'
twanttheirparentstoknowaboutit.
43)Itisbeneficialtoencourageyoungpeopletoexplorethebroaderworldandgetreadytomakeitabetterplace.
44)Manyteenagersnowoffertorenderservicetotheneedy.
45)Interviewswithstudentsfindmanyofthemareonlyconcernedaboutpersonalmatters.
20160602ReformandMedicalCosts
[A]Americansaredeeplyconcernedabouttherelentlessriseinhealthcarecostsandhealthinsurancepremiums.Theyneedtoknowifreformwillhelpsolvetheproblem.Theansweristhatnoonehasaneasyfixforrisingmedicalcosts.Thefundamentalfix—reshapinghowcareisdeliveredandhowdoctorsarepaidinawasteful,abnormalsystem—islikelytobeachievedonlythroughtrialandcrrorandincremental(渐进的)gains.
[B]ThegoodnewsisthatabilljustapprovedbytheHouseandabillapprovedbytheSenateFinanceCommitteewouldimplementortestmanyreformsthatshouldhelpshowtheriseinmedicalcostsoverthelongterm.AsareportinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineconcluded,"
Prettymucheveryproposedinnovationfoundinthehealthpolicyliteraturethesedaysiscontainedinthesemeasures."
[C]Medicalspending,whichtypicallyrisesfasterthanwagesandtheoveralleconomy,ispropelledbytwothings:
thehighpriceschargedformedicalservicesinthiscountryandthevolumeofunnecessarycaredeliveredbydoctorsandhospitals,whichoftenperformalotmoretestsandtreatmentsthanapatientreallyneeds.
[D]HerearesomeoftheimportantproposalsintheHouseandSenatebillstotrytoaddressthoseproblems,andwhyitishardtoknowhowwelltheywillwork.
[E]BothbillswouldreducetherateofgrowthinannualMedicarepaymentstohospitals,nursinghomesandotherprovidersbyamountscomparabletotheproductivitysavingsroutinelymadeinotherindustrieswiththehelpofnewtechnologiesandnewwaystoorganizework.ThisproposalcouldsaveMedicaremorethan$100billionoverthe