高考英语二轮复习题型组合练二.docx

高考英语二轮复习题型组合练二.docx

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高考英语二轮复习题型组合练二

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习题型组合练二

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2017·红桥区二模）

PassportControl

IfyouarearrivingatLondonHeathrowAirportandarenottransferringtoanotherflightoutsideBritainorNorthernIreland，youmustpassthroughthePassportControlandtheCustomsimmediatelyafterleavingyourplane.IfyouarenotfromBritainoracitizenoftheEuropeanCommunity（欧共体），youmustfilloutaspecialformbeforeyourpassportisexamined.ThisformiscalledalandingcardandshouldbegiventoyouduringtheflighttoLondon.

Afterlanding，followtheARRIVALSsigns.MakesureyouareintherightchannelwhenyoureachthePassportControl.ThereisonechannelforholdersofEuropeanCommunityPassports，andasecondchannelmarked“OtherPassports”．

BaggageReclaimArea（取行李处）

AfterpassingthroughthePassportControl，followthesignstotheBaggageReclaimArea.Ifyouhaveluggagewhichiscarriedintheaircrafthold，itwillbedeliveredtoyouintheBaggageReclaimArea.Lookforthesignwithyourflightnumber.Ifyouhaveonlyhandluggage，godirectlythroughtheBaggageReclaimAreatotheCustoms.

Customs

AllpassengersmustpasstheCustomsafterthePassportControl.Thereisachoiceoftwochannels：

GreenandRed.Ifyouhavenothingtodeclare，gothroughtheGreenChannel.IfyouarenotsureaboutyourDutyFreeallowances（免税限额）orifyouhavesomethingtodeclare，gothroughtheRedChannel.InformationaboutDutyFreeallowancescanbefoundonspecialnoticeboardsintheBaggageReclaimArea.YoushouldstudythisinformationcarefullywhetheryouaregoingthroughtheRedChannelornot.PleasenotethatifyougothroughtheGreenChannel，youmaybestoppedandaskedtoopenyourluggageforinspection.

1．AllpassengersarrivingatHeathrowfromoutsideBritain.

A．mustgothrougheitherthePassportControlortheCustoms

B．mustgothroughtheCustoms，butnotthePassportControl

C．mustgothroughthePassportControlandtheCustoms

D．don’thavetobeexamined

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

由PassportControl中的第一句话及Customs中的第一句话可知选C。

2．Theunderlinedword“transferring”means“”．

A．exchangingB．switching

C．replacingD．turning

答案　B

解析　词义猜测题。

根据上下文可知，该词意为“换乘，转乘”，此处指换乘飞机。

故答案为B。

3．AtHeathrowwhenreachingthePassportControl，.

A．allpassengersgothroughthesamechannel

B．passengersoftheEuropeanCommunityandthosefromothercountriesgothroughdifferentchannels

C．Britishpeopleandpassengersfromothercountriesgothroughdifferentchannels

D．allEuropeanpassengersgothroughthesamechannel

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

由PassportControl中第二段最后一句可知，持有欧共体护照的乘客和来自其他国家的乘客所走的通道不同。

4．Ifyouhaveonlyhandluggage，.

A．youmaygothroughtheBaggageReclaimAreatotheCustoms

B．youshouldgothroughtheBaggageReclaimAreas

C．itisn’tnecessaryforyoutogothroughtheBaggageReclaimArea

D．itisn’tnecessaryforyoutodoanything

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

由BaggageReclaimArea中最后一句可知，如果你只有手提行李，那么就可以经行李认领处直接去海关。

5．Ifyouhavedutyfreegoods，.

A．youdon’thavetogothroughtheGreenChannel

B．youmaygothroughtheGreenChannel

C．youmustgothroughtheRedChannel

D．youshouldgothroughboththeGreenChannelandtheRedChannel

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据Customs中的相关叙述可知，如果你没有什么要申报的东西且买的免税商品未超免税限额，你就可以从绿色通道通过。

B

（2017·天津一中4月考）

“Therearemanywaysofbeingsmartthataren’tsmartlikeus.”ThesearethewordsofPatrickWinston，aleadingvoiceinthefieldofartificialintelligence.Althoughhisideaissimple，itssignificancehasbeenlostonmostpeoplethinkingaboutthefutureofwork.YetthisisthefeatureofAIthatoughttopreoccupyusthemost.

Fromthe1950stothe1980s，itwasgenerallythoughtthatthebestwaytobuildsystemscapableofperformingtaskstothelevelofhumanexpertsorhigherwastocopythewaythatexpertsworked.Buttherewasaproblem：

humanexpertsoftenstruggledtoexplainhowtheyperformedmanytasks.Chessplayingwasagoodexample.Whenaskedtoexplainhowtheyplayedchesswell，somegrandmastersappealedto“intuition（直觉）”，othersto“experience”．Manysaidtheydidnotreallyknowatall.Howcouldresearchersbuildachessplayingsystemtobeatagrandmasterifthebestplayersthemselvescouldnotexplainhowtheyweresogood?

Aturningpointcamein1997.DeepBlue，IBM’ssupercomputer，beatGarryKasparov，thethenworldchesschampion，inasixgamematch.Whatwasthemostremarkablewashowthesystemdidit.DeepBluedidnotshareMrKasparov’s“intuition”or“experience”．Itwonbymeansofabsoluteprocessingpowerandmassivedatastorageability.

Considerthelegalworld.DanielMartinKatz，alawprofessor，hasdesignedasystemtopredictthevotingbehaviouroftheUSSupremeCourt.Itcanperformaswellasmostspecialists，butitdoesnotmirrorthejudgementofahumanbeing.InsteaditdrawsondatathatcapturesixdecadesofCourtbehaviour.

Weseesimilardevelopmentsinotherpartsoflife.Surely，allthesepointtoafuturethatisverydifferentfromtheonemostexpertsarepredicting.Itisoftensaidthattherearemanytasksthatwillalwaysrequirehumanbeingstoperformbecausemachinescannot“think”，“reason”or“feel”likehumanbeings.Butthisistofailtograspthattomorrow’ssystemswillhandlemanytasksnotbycopyingusbutbyworkinginentirelydifferent，unhumanways.Thesetoftasksreservedparticularlyforhumanbeingsislikelytobemuchsmallerthanmanyexpect.

语篇解读　曾经，科学家一度认为人工智能需要复制人类的工作方式，现在人们了解到系统处理任务不能通过复制人类的工作方式，而是通过完全不同的、非人的工作方式。

6．Theexampleofchessplayingmainlyshowsthat.

A．it’simportantforachessplayingsystemtobeatagrandmaster

B．humanexpertshavevariousresponsesfortheirgoodperformance

C．it’sdifficulttobuildsystemsbycopyingthewayhumanexpertswork

D．thewayhumanexpertsworkcanbeofgreatbenefittobuildingsystems

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“humanexpertsoftenstruggledtoexplainhowtheyperformedmanytasks...Howcouldresearchersbuildachessplayingsystemtobeatagrandmasterifthebestplayersthemselvescouldnotexplainhowtheyweresogood？

”可知即使是最好的棋手他们自己也不能解释他们是如何这么优秀，研究者又如何能建立一个国际象棋博弈系统来打败大师呢？

故选C。

7．Accordingtothepassage，what’sthereasonforDeepBlue’ssuccessoverGarry?

A．ItsharedGarry’sintuitionandexperience.

B．It’sdesignedtothinklikeahumanexpert.

C．Garrywasnotableenoughtobeatsupercomputer.

D．Itwasequippedwithapowerfuldataprocessingsystem.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句“Itwonbymeansofabsoluteprocessingpowerandmassivedatastorageability.”可知，它通过绝对的处理能力和海量的数据存储能力来战胜Garry，故选D。

8．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph4?

A．Topresentmoredetails.

B．Toofferanotherexample.

C．Togivefurtherexplanation.

D．Tosharedeeperunderstanding.

答案　B

解析　写作意图题。

作者写了法律教授DanielMartinKatz设计了一个系统来预测美国最高法院的投票行为，可见本段是作者给出的另一个例子，故选B。

9．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?

A．①②③—④⑤

B．①②—③④—⑤

C．①—②③④—⑤

D．①—②③—④⑤

答案　C

解析　篇章结构题。

本文第一段提出观点“Therearemanywaysofbeingsmartthataren’tsmartlikeus.”；二、三、四段通过举例说明有很多的聪明的方法；最后一段“Weseesimilardevelopmentsinotherpartsoflife.”延伸到生活的其他领域，故选C。

10．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A．Systemsareexpectedtobemorehumanlike.

B．Moretasksarelikelytobehandledbysystems.

C．Humanbeingsarecertaintobereplacedbysystems.

D．Taskstomorrowaresupposedtobemoredemanding.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句可以推断将来有更多的任务是由系统处理的，故选B。

C

（2016·河东区二模）

Weallknowthateatingjunkfoodcanmakeusfat.However，anewstudysuggeststhatitcandomorethanthat—itcanalsomakeuslazy，reportedCBSNews.

Inthestudy，researchersattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeles，USdivided32femaleratsintotwogroups.Thefirstgroupwasfedadietofhealthyfoodsuchascornandfish，whilethesecondwasgivenadietofhighlyprocessed（加工的）foodrichinsugar，namely“junkfood”．

Withinthreemonths，theratsinthesecondgroupwerealreadymuchfatterthanthoseonthehealthydiet.Andwhenresearcherstrainedtheratstodosimpletasks，theyfoundevenmoredifferencesbetweenthetwogroupsratherthanweight.

Duringthetask—pushingalever（杠杆）toreceivearewardofsugarwater—theratsonthejunkfooddietwerefoundtobelesswillingtomove，andtheytooklongerbreaksbetweeneachpushthantheleanratsdid.

“Itisasiftheratisthinking‘Thisistoomuchwork’，”AaronBlaisdell，leaderofthestudy，toldtheLosAngelesTimes.

Butwhataboutthepossibilitythatthefatratswerelesspassionateaboutgettingsugarwaterbecausetheywerealreadyeatinglotsofsugarintheirdailydiet？

That’swhyresearchersrepeatedthetestsbyrewardingfatratswithplainwaterwhentheywereextremelythirsty.However，theresultscameoutjustthesame.

Accordingtoresearchers，thesedifferencessuggestthatjunkfoodchangedthechemistryintherats’brains.

Theexperimentdidn’tendthere.Aftersixmonths，therats’dietswereswitched，andtheoverweightratsweregivenahealthydietforninedays.However，thischangedidn’thelpreducetheirweightorimprovetheirabilitytoperformtasks，whichmeanstheeffectsoftheirjunkfooddietpersisted（持续存在）．“There’snoquickfix，”saidBlaisdell.

Foralongtime，we’vebelievedthatpeoplebecomefatbecausetheyarelazy.Butthisstudyhasproventheoppositetobetrueaswell，whichindicatesthatlazinessandobesityarea“viciouscycle（恶性循环）”．

So，ifyouconstantlyfeeltired，lackinganyurgetogetupfromyourchair，itcouldbethatyou’vebeenstudyingtoohard.Butyoushouldalsopayattentiontoyourdiet.

语篇解读　我们都知道吃垃圾食品会让我们变胖。

然而，最新研究发现常吃垃圾食品还会让人变懒。

11．DuringthefirstthreemonthsoftheexperimentbyresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia，.

A．ratsfromthehealthydietgroupatenothingbutcornandfish

B．ratsonthejunkfooddietatemorethanthoseonhealthydiet

C．ratsonthehealthyfooddietperformedbetteratsimpletasksthanth