英语专业《综合教程》一二册笔记整理Word下载.docx

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英语专业《综合教程》一二册笔记整理Word下载.docx

6.Jolt1.震动;

颠簸:

Thebusjoltedtoastop.2.使震惊;

使惊醒:

Thealarmjoltedmeoutofadeepsleep.

7. 

Bolt[n]1.(门或窗的)金属插销2.螺栓aboltfrom/outoftheblue:

大出意外的事;

晴天霹雳[v](用螺栓)把…钉在一起:

boltsthtosth

8.Scramble:

1.[i]+over/up/down/outofetc爬;

攀登scrambletoyourfeet匆匆站起身

2[i]争抢;

争夺+for/scrambletodosth3.炒蛋:

Scrambledeggs

9.confidence/confident/confidential

1.confidence:

1.信心+in 

2.信任;

信赖+in 

3.信心;

把握4.秘密:

gain/getsb’sconfidence赢得某人的信任;

inconfidence秘密地;

私下里

2.confidentintheknowledgethat:

确保Youcangoout,confidentintheknowledgethatyourhouseissafe.

10.skim:

[v]1.撇去(液体面上的浮物)+off:

Skimthefatoffthesoup.2.(使)在表面上方快速移动Inthedistance,waterskiersskimmedacross/overthebay;

Thechildrenareskimmingstoneonthelake.3.浏览;

略读+through

11.steer:

steersthawayfrom/towards/into/throughetcsth1.掌舵;

驾驶2.引领;

引导3.影响;

引导Hesteeredthecountrythroughatransitionalperiodtoelections;

steersbtovictory=helpsomeonewin帮助某人取得成功;

steeracourse:

1.遵循:

Theytriedtosteeramiddlecoursebetweenoverconfidenceandunduepessimism.2.朝着…前进steeracoursefor…

12.Smash:

1.用力打破;

打碎2.粉碎,捣毁(组织等);

击败;

击溃:

Thegovernmentwouldtakewhatevernecessaryactiontosmashtherebellionbyseparatistguerillas.

13.Bond1.联系;

关系+between:

Thetradeagreementstrengthenedthebondbetweenthetwocountries.2.公债;

债券agovernment/Treasurybond;

3.契约;

合同4.(郑重的)许诺;

保证:

mywordismybond我的话像契约一样可靠;

我一定会履行诺言5.bonds:

枷锁=shackle;

束缚物:

Shelongstoescapefromthebondsofchildrenandhousework.

14.affect1.影响;

身体上的伤害;

感情上的打动affecting;

震动2.假装;

佯装Sheaffectedalookofdisinterestassheglancedathisnewspaper.

15.plague~epidemic/pandemic/:

1.瘟疫;

传染病2.[singular]普遍的祸害:

theplagueofviolenceinAmericatoday3.(动物或昆虫)无限制的大量滋长;

泛滥:

Aplagueofjournalistssurroundedaroundthesuperstar.[vt]:

给…造成长期的灾祸;

长期困扰:

Thechildrenplaguedhimwithquestions.

16.conformist1.[adj]墨守成规的;

因循守旧的2.[n]墨守成规的人,因循守旧的人

17.distinction1.差别;

不同make/drawadistinctionbetween…2.优秀;

卓越;

杰出:

of(great)distinction;

Heisawriterofhighdistinction.3.声誉;

特征;

特点;

Have/hold/gainthedistinctionof:

SheholdsthedistinctionofbeingthefirstwomaneditoroftheHarvardLawReview.

18.distinct1.不同的;

单独的:

Theywereclassifiedintotwodistinctgroups;

 

 

asdistinctfrom:

TheCompany,asdistinctfromitsshareholders,shouldbeliableforanydebts.

2.清晰的;

清楚的;

明显的:

Asdawnbroke,theoutlineofabuildingbecamedistinctagainstthesky. 

3.[usuallybeforenoun]确实的;

显著的:

Ihadthedistinctimpressionthathedidnotlikeme.

19.stature1.身高Hewillbetallerthanhisfatherwhenhereacheshisfullstature.2.名望;

威望:

Gain/grow/riseinstature

20.fragment1.[n]碎片:

fragmentsofglass2.[v](使)破碎;

(使)分裂

Fragmentation(含抽象意味);

[n]破碎;

破裂;

分裂~oftheSovietUnion

21.Polar1.极地的2.截然不同的:

Thenoveldealswiththepolaroppositesoftheloveandhate.

22.integrate1.使融入;

使打成一片:

integratesbintosth2.使结合;

使成为一体:

integratesthinto/withsth3.使取消种族隔离

Integrated:

融合的;

整体的;

综合的;

互相协调的~team2.无种族隔离的

Integration1.融合;

融入:

+into2.种族融合:

the~ofschool3.结合;

融合;

整合:

+of/with/into

Integrity1.正直;

诚实:

maintain/preserveyourintegrity;

question/doubtsb’sintegrity;

professional/artistic/politicalintegrity2.完整;

完全:

defendthenewstate’sterritorialintegrity

23.spectrum1.系列;

范围;

幅度wide/broadspectrum=alargerange:

Thecoursecoversawidespectrumofmusicalactivityfromoperatorock 

2.光谱3.频率

24.capacity1.能力;

capacitytodo/forsth;

2.身份inaprofessional/personal/advisoryetccapacity;

inyourcapacityas:

Iattendedinmycapacityaschairmanofthesafetycommittee.

3.容量;

容积;

容纳力1.Theseatingcapacityofthetheateris5,000.2.Thehallwasfilled/fulltocapacity.

25.discipline[n]1.纪律;

惩罚:

Imposediscipline/maintaindiscipline2.自控能力;

自制力:

Theirattentionwanderedandtheylackedthedisciplinetolearn.3.训练方法:

Studyingaforeignlanguageisagooddisciplineformind.4.(尤指大学的)学科;

科目[v]1.惩罚;

处罚:

Thestrikersweredisciplinedbymanagement.2.disciplineyourself:

约束自己

26.conscious:

1.意识到;

注意到~ofdoingsth/~that2.神志清醒的;

有知觉的3.慎重的;

有意的;

刻意的~decision/effort4.特别感兴趣的;

关注的:

Environmentally-conscious

27.refine:

1.精炼;

提纯:

refinedsugar2.改善;

改进;

使精炼:

refineone’smanners

28.reflection;

1.映像:

Headmiredhisreflectioninthemirror.2.(声、光、热等的)反射3.反映;

显示;

表达:

Theincreaseincrimeisasadreflectionon(=showssthbadabout)oursociety.4.沉思;

深思;

审慎的思考:

Shedecidedonreflectiontoaccepthisofferafterall.

29.induce:

1.劝说;

诱使inducesbtodosth2.引起;

导致=causeorproduce,resultin,bringabout,entail:

Drugswhichinducesleep 

30.Persist1.顽强地坚持;

执着地做~insth/indoingsth/withsth;

2.维持;

保持;

持续;

存在:

Ifthepainpersists,consultadoctor.

31.Vision1.视力;

视野:

good/perfect/poor/blurred/normalvision;

2.想象;

幻想3.想象力;

眼力;

远见卓识=foresight:

aleaderofforesight

Visionary1.有眼力的;

远见卓识的2.梦幻的;

(尤指)宗教异象的;

神示的

32.Vain≈futile1.徒劳的;

枉然的;

inthevainhope/inavainattempttodo/invain;

2.自负的;

自视过高的:

Sheistoovaintowearglasses.

33.Given:

1.[adj]已经安排好的;

规定的:

Theyweretomeetatagiventimeandplace.Begiventosth/todoingsth:

经常做;

习惯于;

2.[prep]考虑到;

鉴于Givenhisage,heisremarkablyactive.Giventhat:

Itwassurprisingthegovernmentwasre-elected,giventhattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.

34.moral[adj]1.道德的:

amoralissue/dilemma/question2.道义上的;

道德上的:

moralresponsibility/duty3.品行端正的;

有道德的4.能辨别是非的:

Childrenarenotnaturallymoralbeings. 

Take/claim/seizethemoralhighground声称自己的论点在道义上占优势

[n]1.品行;

道德2.寓言:

Themoralofthefableisthathonestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.

35.scarcely[adv]1.几乎不:

Ican~believewhat’shappened.2.才;

仅仅:

Wehad~drivenamilewhenthecarbrokedown.3.决不;

一定不:

Icanscarcelyrefusetohelpafterallhe’sdoneforme.

36.conviction1.定罪;

判罪:

previousconviction;

2.坚定的信仰;

信念;

3.深信;

确信:

lackconviction(缺乏信心);

notcarryconviction(没有说服力)

37.nest1.鸟巢2.+of一套;

一组:

anestoftable

38.off1.离开;

走开:

beoff/beoffto;

off/oncourse偏离/在正确航线;

航向2.从…(顶部或表面)离开:

keep/stayoffthegrass3.不上课;

不工作;

休息:

beoff4.offandon/onandoff有时;

间或;

断断续续

39.Distant1.在远处的:

inthenottoodistantfuture:

在不久的将来;

Distantmemory遥远的记忆;

thedimanddistantpast:

很久以前;

遥远的过去;

Keeparespectfuldistance敬而远之;

2疏远的;

不友好的;

冷淡的;

3.恍惚的;

心不在焉的;

4.远亲的;

远房的adistantrelative

40.somehow:

1.以某种方法:

somehoworother:

不管怎么样;

2.由于某种未知的原因

41.Lean1.清瘦而健康的;

2.倚靠:

leanagainst/onsth3.有(选择或支持某事物的)倾向:

leaninthedirectionofsth;

leanonsb依靠某人;

leaningtowards对…的倾向;

爱好;

偏爱

42.Extend1.提供;

给予;

(向某人)表示(欢迎、感谢、同情)extendsthtosth2.涉及(范围;

延伸(距离)延续(时间);

Rainisexpectedtoextendtoallpartsofthecountry. 

Thedesertextendsformiles.

Extension/extent:

1.Thiskidnappingshowsan_extension_ofterroristactivitytoinnocentchildren.2.Thiskidnappingshowsthe_extent_ofterroristactivitywhichhasgotinnocentchildreninvolved.

43.Identify:

1.indentifysbassth:

1.辨认;

确认;

2.是…的标志;

显示出;

2.identifywithsb体会(某人)的思想感情;

理解并同情(某人)的感受:

Hedidn’tseemtobeabletoidentifywithordinarypeopleandtheiraspirations.3.beidentifiedwithsb/sth把某人或某物联系在一起4.identifysthwithsth认为…和…一致;

将…等同于

44.ground[v]1.使飞机停飞;

船只搁浅;

2.罚…呆在家里Hisparentsgroundedhimfortwoweeksforsmoking.3.使决定、想法建立在…之上,基于:

begroundedin/onsth[n]4.理由;

原因:

onthegroundsof:

Sheissuingthecompanyonthegroundofunfairdismissal.

45.sway[v]1.摇动;

摇摆2.影响某人;

使改变看法:

Swaysbintodoingsth3.[n]holdsway:

1.(对人们的观点或行为)有巨大的影响力;

2.控制某个区域undersb’ssway:

在某人的控制或统治下

46.Smear:

1.(胡乱地)涂,抹:

besmearedwithsth2.玷污;

诽谤:

≈slur/smash/malign

47.Facility1.[通常用复数](房间、设备等)设施;

2.(工具、制度等的)特点:

Havethefacilitytodosth:

Thesoftwarehasthefacilitytoproducehigh-qualitygraphicsdisplays.3.(用作某种用途的)区,大楼;

4.[单数/U]天赋;

技能;

技巧:

Hehasafacilityforlanguages.[注]:

facility作单数时指场所;

作复数时指设施。

48.hover1.(鸟、昆虫或飞机)翱翔;

2.守候;

犹豫:

Thewaiterwashoveringovertheirtable.3.(在…之间)摇摆不定;

不确定+between:

Hisgirlfriendishoveringbetweenlifeanddeath.

4.(在…上下)徘徊:

+around/near:

hoveronthebrink/edge/vergeofsth接近于某事边缘,濒于某事边缘(尤指令人不快的事)

49.mock[adj]仅用于名词前1.假的;

仿真的mockgunsandknives2.假装的;

虚假的≈affected3.(考试、面试等)模拟的4.[v]讥笑;

嘲笑

50.confer1.授予(权力、权利或荣誉):

confersthonsb;

2.讨论;

商谈;

商议;

协商:

Conferwith

51.Involved:

1.牵涉在内的;

卷入…的+in;

2.参与的;

3.复杂难懂的

第二册

1. 

resonate;

1.(使)产生情感共鸣+with:

Herexperiencesresonatepowerfullywithme,asIdoliveinasmallfamily.2.回响;

回荡:

Thebuildingresonateswithhistoricsignificance.

2. 

due:

1.[adj]仅用于名词前,适当的;

恰当的:

Hewasfoundtohavebeendrivingwithoutdue/necessarycareandattention./induecourse:

在适当的时候:

Wewillannouncetheresultsofourinvestigationinduecourse./withallduerespect:

恕我直言2.预定的;

预期的;

预计应出生的:

Whenisthenextbusdue?

/TheirbabyisdueinJune.3.[UN]应有的权利;

应得到的东西:

Hefailedagain,buttogivehimhisdue,hedidtryhard.说句公道话;

4.[n]dues复数:

应缴款;

会费

3. 

spell:

[n]1.一段时间;

一会儿:

abriefspell;

2.(特定天气情况的)持续时间:

ahot/cold/wet/dryspell;

3.(疾病突然的)一次发作:

adizzy/faintingspell;

4.魔咒;

魅力:

castaspellonsb5.[v]意味着(通常是不好的事)spelladisaster/doomforsb;

6.[vt]暂时代替某人

4. 

lumber:

1.木材2.给某人增加麻烦;

拖累:

Lumbersbwithdoingsth.3.缓慢吃力地移动;

笨拙地行进:

Inthisdistance,wecouldseeaherdofelephantslumberingacrosstheplain.

5. 

stifle[v]1.压制;

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