英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析.docx
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英语四级阅读试题库含答案解析
英语四级阅读题库含答案解析
1.PassageOne
Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,
butregardlessofwhetheritisorisn’t–wewon’tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueover
itandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoid
it.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelythey
aretobeobserved.
AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan“inconvenienttruth,”asifmerelyrecognizingit
couldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon’tknowenoughto
relieveglobalwarming,and–withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs—wecan’tdo
muchaboutit.
From2003to2050,theworld’spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billionto9.1
billion,a42%increase.Ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthesame,total
energyuseandgreenhousegasemissions(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.but
that’stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconomic
growthunlesswecondemntheworld’spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreeze
everyoneelse‘slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouse
emissionsmorethandoubleby2050.
Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonal
freedom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)thatmightcutbackglobal
warming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey’re“doingsomething.”ConsidertheKyoto
Protocol(京都议定书).Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn’t.Butit
hasn’treducedCO2emissions(upabout25%since1990),andmanysignatories(签字
国)didn’tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.
Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisaster,theonly
solutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogram
mightfindwaysofbreakingdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.
Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblemwhen
it’sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon’tsolvethe
engineeringproblem,we’rehelpless.
57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?
A)ItmaynotproveanenvironmentalB)Itisanissuerequiringworldwide
crisisatall.commitments.
C)SeriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidD)Verylittlewillbedonetobringitunder
orstopit.control.
2.Accordingtotheauthor’sunderstanding,whatisAlGore’sviewonglobalwarming?
A)Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.
B)Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.
C)Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.
D)Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.
3.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof_______.
A)economicgrowthC)wastefuluseofenergy
B)thewideninggapbetweentherichandD)therapidadvancesofscienceand
poortechnology
4.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,________.
A)politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation
B)fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse
C)reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarming
D)internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems
5.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?
A)Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.
B)Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology
C)Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.
D)Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.
PassageTwo
Somedayastrangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscanthe
Websitesyou’vevisited.Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcredit
cardpurchaseorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.
Infact,it’slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowould
watchyouwithoutyourpermission?
Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketing
company,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyounever
intendedtobeseen—the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.
Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit’simportanttorevealyourselfto
friends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.The
digitalbreadcrumbs(碎屑)youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangersto
reconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimple
Googlesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworld
whereyousimplecannotkeepasecret.
Thekeyquestionis:
Doesthatmatter?
WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedabout
losingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentof
respondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis“slippingaway,andthatbothersme.”
Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschange
anybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountat
tollbooths(收费站)toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobile
movements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.Privacyeconomist
AlessandroAcquistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonal
informationlikeSocialSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-off
coupon(优惠券).
Butprivacydoesmatter–atleastsometimes.It’slikehealth:
Whenyouhaveit,you
don’tnoticeit.Onlywhenit’sgonedoyouwishyou’ddonemoretoprotectit.
6.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaught
naked”(Lines3-4,Para.2)?
A)People’spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.
B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers’secrets.
C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.
D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.
7.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?
A)FriendsshouldopentheirheartstoC)Thereshouldbeadistanceeven
eachother.betweenfriends.
B)FriendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoD)Thereshouldbefewerdisputes
eachother.betweenfriends.
8.Whydoestheauthorsay“weliveinaworldwhereyousimplecannotkeepasecret”
(Line5,Para.3)?
A)Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.
B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.
C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers’affairs.
D)Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople’sidentities.
9.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?
A)Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.
B)Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.
C)TheyrelymoreandmoreonelectronicD)Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanything
devices.aboutit.
10.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat________.
A)peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit
woman.
B)itsimportanceisrarelyunderstood
Therearemanyreasonsfor
C)itissomethingthatcaneasilybelost
D)peopledon’tcherishituntiltheyloseit
this-typically,mentakemorerisksthan
womanandaremorelikelytodrinkand
smokebutperhapsmoreimportantly,
mendon’tgotothedoctor.
“Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoften
58.PassageOne
astheyshould,”saysDr.Gullotta,“This
Questions57to61arebasedonthe
isparticularlysofortheover-40s,when
followingpassage.
diseasestendtostrike.”
Ifyouareamaleandyouarereading
Gullottasaysahealthymanshould
this,congratulations:
youarea
visitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.For
survivor.Accordingtostatistics.youare
thoseover45,itshouldbeatleastoncea
morethantwiceaslikelytodieofskin
year.
cancerthanawoman,andninetimes
TwomonthsagoGullottasawa
morelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyou
50-year-oldmawhohaddelayeddoing
makeittotheendofyournaturalterm,
anythingabouthissmoker’scoughfora
about78yearsformeninAustralia,you
year.
willdieonaveragefiveyearsbeforea
“WhenIfinallysawhimithadalready
spreadandhehassincediedfromlungRegularcheck-upsformenwould
cancer”hesays,“Earlierdetectionandinevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,
treatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butitCartmillsays.”Butpreventionischeaper
wouldhaveprolongedthislife”inthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthe
Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%ofdiseases.Besides,theultimatecostisfar
womenagedbetween15andearly40sgreater:
itiscalledprematuredeath.”
seeadoctoronceayear,comparedto57.Whydoestheauthorcongratulatehis
70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.malereadersatthebeginningofthe
“Alotofmenthinktheyareinvinciblepassage?
(不可战胜的)”Gullottasays“TheyonlyA.Theyaremorelikelytosurviveserious
comeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthediseasestoday.
golfcourseandtheythink”Geez,ifitB.Theiraveragelifespanhasbeen
couldhappentohim.considerablyextended.
Thenthereistheostrichapproach,”C.Theyhavelivedlongenoughtoread
somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethisarticle.
thereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysD.Theyaresuretoenjoyalongerand
Dr.RossCartmill.happierlive.
“Mostmengettheircarsserviced58.Whatdoestheauthorstateisthemost
moreregularlythantheyservicetheirimportantreasonmendiefiveyears
bodies,”Cartmillsays.Hebelievesmostearlieronaveragethanwomen?
diseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldA.mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethan
beaddressedbypreventive