定语从句中which和that区别Word格式.docx
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(1) Thefirst placethattheyvisitedin LondonwastheBig Ben.ﻫ3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时ﻫ (1) Thisisthebest film thatIhaveseen.ﻫ4.当形容词被the very,theonly修饰时ﻫ
(1)This istheverydictionarythat I want to buy,ﻫ
(2)Afterthefire inhishouse,theoldcaris theonlythingthat heowned.ﻫ当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who
(3)WangHua istheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattend themeeting/
5.当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时ﻫ
(1) Whois themanthatisstandingthere?
ﻫ
(2)Whichis theT-shirt thatfitsmemost?
6.当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时
(1) Canyou rememberthe scientistand histheorythat we have learned?
that与which的用法区别
两者都可指物,常可互换。
其区别主要在于:
1.引导非限制性定语从句时,通常要用which:
Thecurrent, which isveryrapid,makesthe riverdangerous.水流湍急,使这条河很危险。
HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike. 他得在星期天工作,他是不喜欢这样的。
TheLondonteam,whichplayed sowelllastseason,hasdonebadly thisseason.伦敦队上一个季度打得很好,这个季度却打得很差。
2.直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which:
Shemaybe late,in whichcasewe oughtto waitforher.她可能晚到,那样我们就要等等她。
Thedocuments forwhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.他们找寻的文件已找到了。
Thismorningsome portwine came, forwhichIhavetothankyou.今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒,为此我得向你道谢。
注:
有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构:
Hehad only thelongnightsinwhichhecouldstudy. =Hehad onlythelongnightsinwhichtostudy.他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。
He hadacoupleofrevolvers withwhichhecoulddefend himself.=Hehada couple of revolvers withwhich to defendhimself.他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。
3.当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much,little,none,all,few,every(thing),any(thing),no(thing)等时,通常用that:
Allthatshelacked wastraining. 她缺的只是训练。
Have youhadeverythingthatyouneed?
你需要的东西都有了吗?
Thesleepingman’ssubconsciousmindretainedeverythingthatwas saidaroundhim.这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。
Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnot approvedofbyherparents.她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。
4.当先行词有thevery,the only,the same等修饰时,通常用that:
Thisistheonly examplethatI know.我知道的例子只有这一个。
Thosearethevery wordsthat heused.那是他的原话。
5.当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last,next等)等修饰时,通常用that:
Thisis the best dictionarythatI’veeverused.这是我用过的最好的词典。
Thefirst thingthatyoushoulddois to work out aplan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
6.当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时,通常用that:
Chinaisnotthecountry(that) it was.中国已不是过去的中国了。
7.当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时,通常用that:
Theytalkedaboutthe personsandthingsthat mostimpressedthem.他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。
8. 当要避免重复时:
Whichis thecourse that we aretotake?
我们选哪门课程?
@2答:
1)that既可以指人又可以指物,在句子中常作“主语”,“宾语”.
2)which只能指物,在句子中常作“主语”,“宾语”,too.ﻫ
3)who只能指人,在句子中作“主语”或“宾语”.ﻫ4) whom只能指人,在句子中只作“宾语”.ﻫ5)that和which的区别(这是考试中最长出现的)
a.that只能引导限制性定语从句,which既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句.
b.当前面的名词为不定代词或者有最高级时,只能用“that”引导.ﻫc.当前面为介词时,只能用“which”引导.
@3在定语从句中,who和whom就是主格和宾格的区别,另外也就没有什么好搞的了.ﻫ主要是which和that,那么你最好把规律全部记住:
1.that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;
它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置ﻫ2.which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢(有介词的用which)ﻫ3.代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all,anything,much等,这时的that常被省略
但在下列情况中用that而不用which:
ﻫa)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代词时;
ﻫb)先行词由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;
ﻫ c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;
ﻫ d)先行词中既有人又有物时;
ﻫe)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;
ﻫf)当先行词为物并作表语时;
ﻫg)先行词为one时;
ﻫ h)先行词同时又被theonly,thevery,the same修饰时;
初中英语定语从句练习题
选择填空
1.Don’t talk aboutsuchthingsof_______youarenotsure.
A. whichB.whatC.as D.those
2.Isthis thefactory__________you visitedtheother day?
A.thatB.whereC.inwhich D.theone
3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisited lastFriday?
A.thatB. whereC.whichD.theone
4.Isthisthe factory__________heworkedten yearsago?
A.thatB.where C.whichD. theone
5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces __________couldn’t be found.
A.thatB. where C. inwhichD.inthat
6. The freezingpoint isthetemperature__________waterchangesinto ice.
A.at whichB.onthatC.inwhichD. ofwhat
7. This bookwill showyou__________ canbe usedinother contexts..
A. howyouhaveobservedB. whatyouhaveobserved
C. thatyou haveobserved D.howthatyou haveobserved
8.Thereasonis __________heisunabletooperate themachine.
A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether
9. I’lltellyou __________ he toldmelastweek.
A. allwhichB. thatC.allthatD.which
10.Thattree, __________ branchesarealmostbare, isveryold.
A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhich D.onwhich
11.Ihaveboughtthesame dress__________sheis wearing.
A.asB.thatC.which D.what
12. Hefailedintheexamination, __________madehisfatherveryangry.
A. whichB.itC.thatD.what
13.We’retalking aboutthe piano andthepianist _______werein theconcertwe attendedlastnight.
A. whichB. whomC.whoD. that
14.Thegirl________anEnglishsong in thenextroom is Tom’s sister.
A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging
15. Those___notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpractice willsucceed.
A.learn B.who C. thatlearnsD.wholearn
16.Anyone ________ this opinionmay speakout.
A.thatagainstB.thatagainstC.whoisagainstD. whoare against
17.Didn’tyouseetheman________?
A.Inodded just nowB.whomInoddedjustnow
C.Inodded tohimjust nowD.Inodded tojustnow
18.Canyoulendme thenovel______theotherday?
A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalked aboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout
19. Is there anything_______to you?
A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongs
C.thatbelong D.whichbelongs
20.----“How doyoulikethebook?
”
----“It’s quitedifferentfrom_______ Ireadlast month.”
A.thatB.which C.theoneD.the onewhat
21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbook to allthepupilsexcept_____who hadlreadytakenthem.
A. the onesB.ones C.someD. the others
22. The train _______shewastravellingwaslate.
A.whichB.where C.onwhichD.inthat
23.Hehas lost the key tothedrawer_______the papersarekept.
A.whereB. inwhich C. underwhichD.which
24.Antarctic_______weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.
A.whichB.where C.thatD.about which
25.It’sthethird time_______latethismonth.
A.that you arrivedB.when youarrived
C.thatyou’ve arrived D. whenyou’vearrived
26.Itwasin1969_______the Americanastronautsucceeded inlandingon themoon.
A.thatB.whichC.when D.inwhich
27.Maythefourthisthe day ______weChinesepeoplewill neverforget.
A.which B.whenC. onwhichD.aboutwhich
28. WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalin Guangzhou,_______livemy grandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where
29.Thehotel_______duringourholidays standsbytheseaside.
A. westayedatB.wherewe stayedat
C.westayedD. inthat westayed
30.Is it inthatfactory_______“RedFlag”carsareproduced?
A. inwhichB.whereC.whichD.that
31.Itis the SuezCanal _______ separatesAsia______Africa.
A.which,to B.where,fromC.that,fromD.that,with
32.Under thebridge,however, almost directlybelow,_______wasasmallcanoe, with aboy in it.
A.thereB.where C.itD. which
33.He isnot______afool_______.
A.such,asheis lookedB.such,ashelooks
C.as,asheislooked D. so,as helooks
34. Isthatthereason_______youareinfavourof theproposal?
A.whichB.whatC. why D.forthat
35.HemustbefromAfrica,_______ canbe seenfromhis skin.
A.thatB.asC.who D.what
36.Hehastwosons,_______ workas chemists.
A.twoofwhomB.both ofwhom C.both ofwhichD.allof whom
37.I, _______ yourgood friend,will trymybestto helpyouout.
A. who isB. who amC.thatisD. whatis
38.Heis a man ofgreat experience, _______ muchcanbelearned.
A. whoB.thatC.fromwhichD. fromwhom
39. ----Doyouknowthetownatall?
----No,this isthefirsttime I ________here.
A.wasB.have been C. cameD. am coming
40.Idon’tlike_______ youspeak toher.
A.thewayB.thewayin that
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
41.Thetwo things _______ theyfeltvery proudareJim’sgold watchandDella’s hair.
A.aboutwhich B.ofwhich
C.in which D. for which
42.Thedinner was themostexpensivemeal we ______.
A.wouldhaveB.have had C.hadneverhadD. had everhad
43. Doyouknowwhich hotel _______?
A.sheisstayingB.she isstaying in
C.isshestayingD. isshestayingin
44.Thereisonlyonething_______Icando.
A.whatB.thatC.allD.which
45. Whocanthinkofasituation________thisidiomcan beused?
A. whichB. thatC.whereD. inthat
46.Ihavemanybooks, someof_______areonchemistry.
A. themB.that C.whichD.those
47.Theywereinterested_______youtoldthem.
A.inwhichB.inthat C. all thatD.ineverything
48.Theastronautdidmanyexperimentsin the spaceship,________much
helpfor knowingspace.
A.whichwethink it isB.whichwethinkareof
C.of which wethinkisD.I thinkwhichis of
49.Thegreatdaywe looked forward to_______ atlast.
A.comeB.cameC.comingD. comes
50.I likethesecond