考研英语常用的前缀后缀Word下载.docx

考研英语常用的前缀后缀Word下载.docx

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responsible–irresponsible

il-:

legal-illgal

literate–illiterate

non-:

smoker-non-smoker

sense–nonsense

dis-:

not;

theoppositeof

advantage–disadvantage

agree–disagree

honest–dishonest

mis-:

badorbadly;

wrongorwrongly

fortune–misfortune

understand–misunderstand

de-:

showinganopposite;

toremove;

toreduce

code–decode

value–devalue

pro-:

infavorof,supporting

America–pro-America

abortion–pro-abortion

anti-:

against;

oppositeof

nuclear-antinuclear

matter–antimatter

war–antiwar

counter-:

opposite

act–counteract

attack–counterattack

contra-:

diction–contradiction

natural–contranatural

semi-:

half;

partly

circle–semicircle

final–semifinal

hemi-:

half

hemi-hemisphere

mono-:

one;

single

plane–monoplane

tone–monotone

uni-:

form–uniform

directional–unidirectional

bi-:

two;

twice;

double

lingual–bilingual

cycle–bicycle

tri-:

three;

threetimes

angular–triangular

cycle–tricycle

mini-:

small;

short

bus–minibus

skirt–miniskirt

multi-:

morethanone;

many

purpose–multipurpose

national–multinational

poly-:

centric–polycentric

syllabic–polysyllabic

super-:

more,larger,greaterthanusual

marker–supermarket

natural–supernatural

extra-:

outside;

beyond

curricular–extracurricular

ordinary–extraordinary

ultra-:

beyond;

very,extremely

modern–ultramodern

sound–ultrasound

macro-:

large,esp.concerningawholesystemratherthanparticularpartsof

economics–macroeconomics

structure–macrostructure

micro-:

extremelysmall

computer–microcomputer

electronics–microelectronics

centi-:

hundredthpart

grade–centigrade

meter–centimeter

kilo-:

thousand

gram–kilogram

meter–kilometer

co-:

together,with

author–coauthor

exist–coexist

col-:

（usedbeforel）together,with

location–collocation

com-:

（usedbeforeb,m,p）together,with

passion–compassion

con-:

together,with

centric–concentric

federation–confederation

cor-:

（usedbeforer）together,with

relate–correlate

respond–correspond

be-:

totreatasthestatedthing

friend–befriend

little–belittle

em-:

（usedbeforeb,m,p）tocausetobecome

body–embody

power–empower

en-:

tocausetobecome;

tomake

danger–endanger

large–enlarge

ex-:

former（andstillliving）；

out

minister–ex-minister

wife–ex-wife

port-export

fore-:

inadvance,before;

inoratthefront

arm–forearm

warn–forewarn

pre-:

before

war-prewar

school-preschool

post-:

laterthan;

after

graduate–postgraduate

war–postwar

over-:

toomuch;

above;

additional

head–overhead

time–overtime

under-:

toolittle;

below

develop–underdevelop

sea–undersea

sub-:

under,below,lessimportant;

partofthestatedbiggerwhole

divide–subdivide

section–subsection

out-:

door–outdoor

live–outlive

infra-:

belowinarange;

red–infrared

structure–infrastructure

inter-:

between;

among

change–interchange

national–international

mid-:

middle

day–midday

night–midnight

intra-:

inside,within;

into

city–intracity

department–intra-department

trans-:

across,onortotheothersideof;

between

Atlantic–transatlantic

plant–transplant

cross-:

across;

goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthem

country–cross-country

breed–crossbreed

mal-:

badorbadly

function–malfunction

treat–maltreat

pseudo-:

notreal;

false

name–pseudonym

science–pseudoscience

tele-:

atoroveralongdistance;

byorfortelevision

communication–telecommunication

screen–telescreen

therm（o）-:

concerningheat

chemistry–thermochemistry

meter–thermometer

vice-:

nextintherank;

chairman–vice-chairman

president–vice-president

2.常用后缀

（1） 

名词后缀

-ability,-ibility

able–ability

flexible–flexibility

-age

post–postage

short–shortage

-al

arrive–arrival

refuse–refusal

-an,-ian,-arian

library–librarian

music–musician

-ance,-ence

appear–appearance

refer–reference

-ancy,-ency

emerge–emergency

expect–expectancy

-ant,-ent

apply–applicant

correspond–correspondent

-cy

accurate–accuracy

-dom

king–kingdom

free–freedom

-ee

employ–employee

interview–interviewee

-er,-or,-ar

paint–painter

beg–beggar

-ery

brave–bravery

slave–slavery

-ese

China–Chinese

Japan–Japanese

-ess

actor–actress

waiter–waitress

-ful

hand–handful

spoon–spoonful

-hood

child–childhood

man–manhood

-ics

electron–electronics

linguist–linguistics

-ion,ition,-ation

collect–collection

observe–observation

-ism

Marx–Marxism

socialist–socialism

-ist

psychiatry–psychiatrist

violin–violinist

-ity,-ty

cruel–cruelty

pure–purity

-ment

move–movement

retire–retirement

-ness

dark–darkness

happy–happiness

-ology

climate–climatology

future–futurology

-ship

friend–friendship

scholar–scholarship

-sion,-ssion

decide–decision

expand–expansion

-th

grow–growth

wide–width

-ure

close–closure

expose–exposure

（2） 

动词后缀

-en

deep–deepen

fast–fasten

-ify

class–classify

simple–simplify

-ize,-ise

modern–modernise/modernize

popular–popularise/popularize

（3） 

形容词后缀

-able,-ible

suit–suitable

question–questionable

nature–natural

structure–structural

-an,-arian,-ian

suburb–suburban

Canada–Canadian

-ant,-ent

differ–different

please–pleasant

-ary,-ory

advise–advisory

custom–customary

-ate

consider–considerate

fortune–fortunate

gold–golden

wood–wooden

China–Chinese

-free

care–carefree

duty–duty-free

care–careful

pain–painful

-ic,-ical

atom–atomic

psychology–psychological

-ish

girl–girlish

child–childish

-ive

create–creative

support–supportive

-less

hope–hopeless

pain–painless

-like

child–childlike

lady–ladylike

-ly

man–manly

month–monthly

-ous,ious

danger–dangerous

poison–poisonous

-some

tire–tiresome

trouble–troublesome

-ward

down–downward

up–upward

-y

guilt–guilty

noise–noisy

（4） 

副词后缀

easy–easily

heavy–heavily

-ward,-wards

east–eastward（s）

north–northward（s）

-wise

other–otherwise