高考冲刺背诵材料文档格式.docx
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Greece,Greek,Greek;
Holland,Dutchman,Dutch;
India,Indian,Indian;
Iran,Iranian,Iranian(伊朗);
Iraq,Iraqi,Iraqi(伊拉克);
Ireland,Irish,Irish;
Italy,Italian,Italian;
Korea,Korean,Korean;
Mexico,Mexican,Mexican;
Spain,Spaniard,Spanish;
Russia,Russian,Russian;
8.常见城市London;
NewYork;
Athens(雅典);
Boston;
Chicago;
HongKong;
Macao;
Seattle;
Tokyo;
Moscow;
Sydney;
Soul(首尔);
Toronto;
Washington;
Ottawa(渥太华);
Vancouver(温哥华);
Paris;
Berlin
9.七大洲四大洋Asia;
Europe;
Africa;
NorthAmerica;
SouthAmerica;
Antarctica(南极洲);
Oceania(大洋洲);
Pacific(Ocean);
Atlantic(Ocean);
IndianOcean;
ArcticOcean;
(四大洋前要the)
10.科目名称Physics;
Chemistry;
Biology;
Politics;
History;
Geography;
Maths;
PEclass;
English;
11.天气情况常用词weatherreport;
wet;
warm;
cloudy;
grey(阴天);
sunny;
snowy;
dark;
rainy;
icy;
foggy;
storm;
windy;
fine;
sunshine;
snow;
heavyrain;
strongwind;
cold;
cool;
hot;
12.旅馆、餐厅常用词bookabed;
goDutch(AA制);
tip(小费);
soup;
menu;
paythebill;
beef;
dumpling;
softdrink;
steak(牛排);
maindish(主菜);
waiter;
waitress;
wine;
salad(色拉);
order(点菜);
fastfoodshop;
receptiondesk(服务台;
restaurant;
asingleroom;
adoubleroom;
checkin(登记);
checkout(结账离开);
13.商场、超市常用词dosomeshopping;
salesman;
saleswoman;
shoppingcart(购物车);
pricetag(价格
标签);
fashion(时装);
men’ssuit;
departmentstore(百货公司);
supermarket;
onsale(减价);
check-out
counter(付账台);
size;
color;
T-shirt;
shirt;
sweater;
shoes;
trousers;
jacket;
shop;
shopassistant;
tryon;
style
14.银行、邮局常用词bank;
money;
check(支票);
interest(利息);
creditcard;
mail;
postage(邮资);
envelope;
stamp;
cash;
postoffice;
airmail;
package;
letter;
savingsaccount(储蓄账户);
15.学校、家庭常用词:
homework;
exam;
test;
mid-term;
finalexamination;
marks;
textbook;
playground;
department(系);
Bachelor’sdegree;
Master’sdegree;
Doctor’sdegree;
Campus;
lecture;
dormitory;
semester
(学期);
term;
dining-hall;
swimming-pool;
foreignlanguage;
gym,housewife;
bed-room;
kitchen;
waiting-room;
dining-room;
sofa;
chair;
table;
dressing-table(梳妆台);
cupboard;
furniture;
16.机场、车站等交通常用词:
luggage;
baggage;
airline;
airport;
passport;
check;
railwayortrain
station;
expresstrain(快车);
platform;
sleepingcar;
seatbelt;
takeoff;
land;
boardingcard(登机卡,船卡);
Gate1;
flightnumber(班机号码);
nonstopflight(直达航班);
arrivaltime;
conductor;
ticketoffice(售票处);
plane;
passenger;
warninglight(警示灯);
roadsign(路标);
motorway;
one-way;
round-trip(双程的);
17.图书馆、阅览室常用词:
library;
reading-room;
renew(续借);
bookshelf;
novel;
story-book;
picture-book
(连环画);
fine(罚款);
newspaper;
magazine;
referencebook;
18.办公室常用词:
typewriter;
typist;
typealetter;
copy;
telephone;
make/answeraphonecall;
arrangeanappointment;
secretary;
manager;
fax;
computer;
19.人与人关系的常用词:
father;
mother;
son;
daughter;
brother;
sister;
grandfather;
grandmother;
nephew(侄子,外甥);
niece(侄女);
cousin(表兄弟妹);
grandchildren;
grandson;
uncle;
aunt;
teacher;
student;
friend;
enemy;
husband;
wife;
neighbor;
girlfriend;
boyfriend;
classmate;
workmate;
boss;
20.职业常用词:
worker;
engineer;
doctor;
nurse;
professor;
actor;
actress;
waiter;
player;
film-maker;
director(导演);
tailor(裁缝);
cleaner;
writer;
singer;
dancer;
conductor,salesman;
saleswoman;
sailor;
dentist(牙医);
physician;
surgeon;
21.医院常用词:
pain;
cough;
fever;
headache;
stomachache;
temperature;
heart;
lung;
kidney;
bloodpressure;
takemedicine(drugs);
pills(药丸);
toothache;
drugstore(药店);
birdflu(禽流感)
二、语法方面(词形转换):
1.以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母
regret(regretted,regretting)后悔control(controlled,controlling)控制
admit(admitted,admitting)承认occur(occurred,occurring)出现
prefer(preferred,preferring)宁愿refer(referred,referring)提到
forget(forgetting)忘记permit(permitted,permitting)允许equip(equipped,equipping)装备
注意:
quarrel,signal,travel,worship,kidnap中的词尾可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语)。
2.部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广播flee(fled,fled)逃跑forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止forgive(forgave,forgiven)原谅freeze(froze,frozen)结冰hang(作“绞死”讲,是规则的;
作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)
lie(作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;
作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)
seek(sought,sought)寻求shake(shook,shaken)发抖sing(sang,sung)唱歌tear(tore,torn)撕碎
sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉spread(spread,spread)传播swim(swam,swum)游泳weave(wove,woven)
3.注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化long—length长度wide—width宽度high—height高度
strong—strength力量deep---dept深度(思考:
如何加en变成动词?
4.以-ic结尾的动词panic(panicked,panicking)恐慌,picnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐
5.个别名词的复数拼写German(Germans)gulf(gulfs)海湾handkerchief(handkerchiefs),hero(英雄),
potato(土豆),tomato(西红柿)等以-o结尾加-es。
roof(roofs)房顶stomach胃(其复数是stomachs)
6.注意动词变名词时的拼写变化succeed—success成功pronounce—pronunciation发音explain—explanation解释decide—decision决定enter—entrance进入permit—permission允许
refuse—refusal拒绝consider—consideration考虑discover—discovery发现
bury—burial埋葬conclude—conclusion结论arrive—arrival到达weigh—weight重量
7.注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化beautiful—beautifully美丽的possible—possibly可能的practical—practically实际的particular—particularly特别successful—successfully成功
三、英语数据表示法在2011年二月inFebruary2011在第一周duringthefirstweek
在2000学生中among2,000students3.5米深3.5metersdeep
在2010年奥运会上atthe2012Olympics不低于1000米长notlessthan1,000meterslong
排第二ranksthesecond30米高的塔a30-meter-hightower
大约48%的学生around48%oftheboys1,070,000,000onebillionandseventymillion
13米宽/高13meterswide/high前十名thefirsttenwinners
45,000forty-fivethousand3.5亿350million
600,000sixhundredthousand10万人100thousandpeople
每逢星期三晚上onWednesdaynights700,000,000sevenhundredmillion
到2010年底bytheendof2010在白天睡觉sleepduringtheday
在2011年in2011在21世纪inthe21stcentury
1985-1989inthelateeighties有2000年历史withahistoryof2000years
三十年代在斯德哥尔摩inStockholminthethirties1/4的人onequarterofthepeople
这件35尺码的衬衫thissize35shirt这衣服有三种尺码Thisdresscomesinthreesizes.
标准尺寸stocksizes标准尺寸的轿车afull-sizecar
一双黑色的9码鞋apairofblacksize-nineshoes1980-1985intheearlyeighties
三天的旅行threedays’trip每天行200英里200milesaday.
一个三岁男孩athree-year-oldboy.他3岁了。
Heis3yearsold.
34号房间Room342258号分机extension2258
第518页page5183/5和5/11threefifths/fiveelevenths
0下7度It'
ssevendegreesbelowzero.100平方公里100squarekilometers
她165厘米,高50斤重Sheis165cminheightand
50kginweight.
在2003年7月2号晚六点at6pmonJuly2,2003.
每年3月最后一个星期六onthelastSaturdayofMarcheveryyear
4月15日星期一MondaythefifthofApril/Aprilthefifth
当地时间晚上8.30-9.30from8.30to9.30pmatthelocaltime
在2011年4月1日下午ontheafternoonofApril1,2011
超过四分之三的吸烟者over/morethanthreefourthsofthesmokers
2月4日和7日晚上onthenightsofFebruary4thand7th
射击起源于19世纪晚期Shootingoriginatedinthelate19thcentury.
从那年12月到1980年6月fromDecemberofthatyearuntilJuneof1980.
大约一半的女生approximatelyonehalfofthegirls
下几个月的每星期二everyTuesdayforthenextfewmonths
在2010年广州亚运会in2010GuangzhouAsianGame
二十世纪八十年代(1980-89)inthe1980s
追溯到2000多年前datebackmorethan2,000yearsago
08年78%增加到10年的92%increasefrom78%in2008to92%in2010
Thisplaygroundisthreetimesthesizeofthatone./Thistableisthesameastheotherone.
Incomparisonwiththatin2006,thepercentageoftrafficaccidentsdecreasedby30%.
Thesatellitetravelednearlytwomillionkilometersinits15-dayflight卫星在15天内行走将近2百万公里。
Thepopulationofthiscountryhasbeenincreasingsorapidlythatithasnowamountedto250million.
Thenumberoffiresineachmonthremainedthesame.每个月火灾的数字保持一致。
Anyofseveralstandardsizesofpaper,especiallypapermeasuring16by21inches.
It'
safive-minutewalkfromthelibrarytotheplayground.从图书馆到操场需要走五分钟。
sthreekilometers'
distancefromourcampustotheBellTower.从我们校园到钟楼有三公里远。
Waterfreezesatthirty-twodegreesFahrenheit.水在华氏三十二度时结冰。
Thedictionaryisfourtimesthickerthanthatbook.这本词典比那本书厚四倍。
Waterboilsatonehundreddegreescentigrade.水在摄氏一XX时沸腾。
在哪一天要添加介词on。
如:
NationalDayisonOct.1.表不具体时间如世纪、年代、年份、月份时,用介词in,表示具体确切某一天用介词on;
通常情况下morning,afternoon,evening等前用介词in。
但当前后有限定词作定语,in应改on。
限定词可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、定语从句等。
1.Onacoldmorning,theoldmandiedinhishouse.在一个寒冷的早晨,老人死在自己的房子里。
2.Idon'
twanttobedisturbedonnightswhenIhavetostudy.我不愿意在我必须学习的晚上被打扰。
3.TheaccidenthappenedontheafternoonofJuly7.这次事故发生在7月7日下午。
4.WearetohaveasmalltestonMondaymorning.星期一早晨我们将进行一次小测验。
年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成:
inthe1930'
s(inthethirtiesofthetwentiethcentury或inthenineteenthirties)二十世纪三十年代
inthe1860'
s(inthesixtiesofthe19thcentury或intheeighteensixties)在十九世纪六十年代
表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠词后,年代前添加early,mid-,late
intheearly1920'
s在二十世纪二十年代早期inthemid-1950'
s在二十世纪五十年代中期
四、写作常用替换词
★形容词:
1.贫穷的:
poor=poverty-stricken2.富裕的:
rich=wealthy=well-to-do=well-off
3.优秀的:
excellent=top=outstanding4.积极的,好的:
good=beneficial=adva