全国校级联考河南省许昌市三校学年高二下学期第四次联考英语试题解析原卷版Word格式.docx
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Everymorning,thegardenerwouldfillupthetwobuckets.Thenhewouldcarrythemalongthepath,oneoneachside,totheflowerbeds.Thenewbucketwasveryproudofitself.Itcouldcarryafullbucketofwaterwithoutasingledropspilled.Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes:
beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds,muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.
Sometimesthenewbucketwouldsay,“SeehowcapableIam!
Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday!
Idon'
tknowwhyhestillbotherswithyou.Whatawasteofspaceyouare!
”
Andallthattheoldbucketcouldsaywas，“IknowIamnotveryuseful,butIcanonlydomybest.Iamhappythatthegardenerstillfindsalittlebitofuseinme,atleast.”
Oneday,thegardenerheardthatkindofconversation.Afterwateringtheflowersasusual,hesaid,“Youbothhavedoneyourworkverywell.NowIamgoingtocarryyouback,Iwantyoutolookcarefullyalongthepath.”
Thenthetwobucketsdidso.Allalongthepath,theynoticed,onthesidewherethenewbucketwascarried,therewasjustbareearth;
ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried,therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers,leadingallthewaytothegarden.
1.Whatwastheoldbucketashamedof?
A.Hispast.B.Hisaging.C.Hismanner.D.Hisleaking.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?
A.dirtyB.darkC.worn-outD.ordinary-looking.
3.Thenewbucketmadeconversationswiththeoldonemainlyto_________.
A.takepityontheoldoneB.laughattheoldone
C.showoffitsbeautifullooksD.praisethegardener’skindness
4.Whywastheoldbucketstillkeptbythegardener?
A.Becauseitwasusedtokeepabalance.
B.Becauseitstayedinitsbestcondition.
C.Becauseithaditsownfunction.
D.Becauseitwastakenasatreasure.
B
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Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?
UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:
treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit”.
Nitrogen（氮）andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi（真菌）networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons（神经元）inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.
Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.
“Wedidn'
ttakeanynoticeofit.”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemachance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.
9.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans
B.YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection
C.TreesAreMoreComplexThanYouThink
D.TreesContributeToOurSociety
10.InSimard'
sopinion,trees_______.
A.dependoneachotherB.protecttheirownwealth
C.competeforsurvivalD.providesupportfordyingtrees
11.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat
A.“mothertrees”areusuallyofnousetoothertrees.
B.CharlesDarwinhadthesamethoughtasSimard.
C.peopleknowmuchaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”.
D.if“mothertrees”arecutdown,thesurvivalfortheentireforestwillbeaffected.
12.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto.
A.howtreesgrowoldB.how“treesocieties”work
C.howforestryindustrydevelopsD.howyoungtreessurvive
D
ThefourthroundofheavysmogtohitBeijinginfourweekshassentmorepeopletothehospitalwithrespiratory（呼吸的）illnessesandledtocallsforlawstocontrolthepollution.
PanShiyi,acelebrityrealestate（房地产）developersaidheisplanningtoproposeaCleanAirActtothelocalgovernment.AsarepresentativetotheBeijingMunicipalPeople'
sCongress,hestartedanonlinesurveyat9:
20a.m.Withinthreehours,morethan25,000webusers,or99percentoftotalrespondents,welcomedhisproposalonSinaWeibo,China'
sTwitter.
TheyhavegoodreasonstostandalongsidePan.Thelatestroundofhaze（雾霾）reducedvisibilitytounder500metersinmanypartsofthecity.Thesmoghasalsoledtoagreatincreaseinrespiratoryillnesses,particularlyamongchildrenandtheelderly.Anxiousparentsanddoctorsalmostallblamethesmoggyairfortheillnesses.Thoughmostschoolchildrenarehomeforthewinterholidays,thebadaircaneasilymoveindoors.Besides,ordinarymedicalmasksfailtoprovideadequateprotection,sosomepeoplehaveturnedtogasmasksandrespirators（呼吸器）.
Thecausesofthescarysmogarerathermysterious,thoughexpertsblameexcessiveemissions（过多排放）andthemountainsaroundBeijingthattrappollutioninwinter,unlessthereisadequatewindtoclearitaway.SomecriticshavepointedfingersatChina’stoptwooilfirms,ChinaNationalPetroleumCorpandChinaPetrochemicalCorporation,sayingthecompanies’outdatedproductiontechnologiesproducelargequantitiesofsubstandard,high-pollutinggasfuel.
Meanwhile,concernedBeijingershavemovedtheirbrainstormingsessions（会议）tocyberspace.IfPan’sproposalforaCleanAirActisadopted,netizenssaythenewlawshouldincludeitemsprovidingfor“car-freedays”intimesofsmog,higherstandardsforvehiclefuel,stricterrestrictionsonindustrialandexhaustgasemissions,andmoreeffectiveprotectionforthepublic.
Beijingisnottheonlycitythathaseverlostthebluesky.FivedaysofthickfogcausedthousandsofdeathsinBritaininDecember1952,urgingthegovernmenttopassthefirstCleanAirActin1956,whichintroducedsmokelesszonesandcleanerfuelstoreducepollution.ThatmayprovidesomeexperienceforBeijingtoreferto.
13.WhydidPanShiyistartedanonlinesurvey?
A.Toinvestigatethepublic’sopinionsonpollution.
B.Totellpeoplethedangerofthesmoggyweather.
C.Tocallonmorepeopletosupporthisproposal.
D.Tocollectsupportingevidencesforhisproposal.
14.Britainismentionedinthelastparagraphto______.
A.suggestBeijingshouldlearnfromothercountries
B.letpeopleknowmanyplaceshavethisproblem
C.tellpeoplethesituationinBritainisworse
D.callonthegovernmenttopassBritain’sCleanAirAct
15.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage？
A.TheUseofGasmasksandRespirators
B.BeijingersCallforCleanAirAct
C.EffectiveProtec
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