最新牛津广州英语八年级上册《unit 3 modern machines》教案doc文档格式.docx
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9.rarely
Sherarelywentanywhereexcepttoheroffice.
她除了去办公室以外,很少去别的地方。
10.有一些表示“的”的词，如to，for，from
theanswertothequestion问题的答案，
thekeytothedoor门的钥匙，
aticketfortheconcert音乐会的票，
astudentfromBeijing来自北京的学生
11.havegreatunderstandingofsth
12.makesth+adj【形容词原型或比较级或最高级】
13.raise举起
Studentsraisetheirhandsupwhentheywanttoanswerquestionsinclass
14.create【创造，抽象】区别invent【发明，具体】
Godcreatedtheworld.
Createnewideas
Edisoninventedtheelectriclight
15.Itis+形容词+todosth.的句型，这个句型后面可以跟nottodosth
It’simportantforpeopletoprotectourenvironment.
It’sessentialforsth/sbtodosth
对……必不可少…去做某事
It'
sdangerousforthedogtotakecareofthehouse.
指照看房子对于狗来说是危险的。
用for的话，adj的性质不是it所具有的，而用of则是it本身所有这种adj所描述的属性。
sniceyoutohelpme.
swisehertosaysorrytohim
snecesaryustomemorizenumbersofwords
simportantustogooverwhatwehavelearned
16.口语spokenlanguage/书面语wittenlanguage
17.hold
握着;
抓住;
夹住
Heheldaknifeinhishand.
容纳;
包含
Theboxcanholdallmyclothes.
举行
Theywillholdameetingtodiscussthisproblemtomorrow
18.usesthtodosth
用某物做某事
Iuseaknifetocuttheapple
Youcoulduseabigbagtocarrythebooks.
19.listentosbdoingsth听某人做某事
20.linktogether使连接〔系〕在一起
Thehighwaylinksthetwocitiestogether
21.communicatewith与。
。
交流
Iusuallycommunicatewithhimbyletter
22.not...but...不是...而是...
He'
snotrichbutpoor
二．重点句型
1.to…（为了……）
动词不定式表示“为了达到…目的”
Tofinishtheworkintime,Iaskedmyfriendstohelpme.
动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为；
也表示正在做
不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为，一般含有将来的含义，表示要去做
Tofinishthehomeworkwilltakehim2hours.
Finishingthehomeworktookhim2hours.
2．--Whatdoyouthinkof…?
Howdoyoulike…?
3.形容词表示人和事物的特征，对名词起修饰和描绘作用
副词表示动作特征或性状，主要修饰动词
（一）形容词的用法及位置
1.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等，作定语时一般放在名词前。
She
has
short
hair.（作前置定语）
We
must
keep
our
room
clean.（作后置定语）
（二）副词的种类、用法及位置
①多数位于动词之后, The
farmers
are
working
hard
in
the
field.
She
speaks
English
well.
②频度副词放在动词前，情态动词和助动词之后。
He
always
goes
to
school
On
foot.
She
was
often
late
for
school.
（三）形容词和副词的比较等级
1.popular→more
popular→most
popular
carelessly——more
carelessly——most
carelessly
2.不规则变化的词
good／well→better→best
bad／ill／badly→worse→worst
many／much→more→most
little→less→least
old→older／elder→oldest（指年龄大小）／eldest（指长幼顺序）
2.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法
（1）形容词和副词比较级的用法
①用于两者比较，表示“比…更…”：
“A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B,
I
am
two
years
older
than
my
little
sister.
“A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B：
gets
earlier
other
students.
②用于两者之间的同级比较，表示“…和…一样”：
“A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B,
eg.Bill
is
as
funny
his
father.
“A+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+B”
Lucy
Chinese
well
Lily.
③表示甲在某方面不如乙：
“A+系动词+notas／so+形容i司原级+as十B”
These
books
aren’t
interesting
those.
“A+助动词／情态动词+not+谓语动词+aS／SO+B”
didn’t
sing
so
that
night
she
usually
does.
④表示某个范围内的两者相比：
“A十动词十the+比较级+of短语（比较范围）”
Penny
taller
of
girls.
Penny是这两个女孩中较高的一个。
⑤表示“越来越…”：
“比较级+and+比较级”
In
spring
days
getting
longer
and
longer.
在春天，白天变得越来越长。
⑥表示“越…越…”：
“the+比较级…the+比较级”
The
moreyou
practice
using
English,the
better
you’ll
learn
it
①可以用much,far,even,a
bit,a
little,a
lot等修饰比较级表示程度，但决不可用very修饰。
Tom
a
Mike.Tom比Mike稍高一点；
it
even
colder
today
yesterday.
今天甚至比昨天更冷
⑧在比较级中,为了避免重复,可用that或those代替前面提到过的事情。
weather
here
much
hotter
Ofour
hometown.这儿比我的老家热得多。
The
pants
this
shop
lot
those
shop.这家商店的裤子比那家商店的裤子质量好得多。
（3）形容词和副词最高级的用法
形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加the,也可省掉the；
后面可带of／in短浯来说明比较范围：
“主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语／in短语”
eg.She
youngest
Of all.
“A+谓语动词+（the）+最高级+of短语／in短语”
eg.Linda
draws
most
carefully
her
class.
【比较级与最高级专练】
1.Thisboxis___thatone.
A.heavythanB.soheavythan
C.heavierasD.asheavyas
2.Whenwespeaktopeople,weshouldbe'
.
A.aspoliteaspossibleB.aspoliteaspossibly
C.aspolitelyaspossibleD.aspolitelyaspossibly
3.Thisbookis____thatone,but____thanthatone.
A.asdifficultas;
expensive
B.asmoredifficultas;
moreexpensive
C.asdifficultas;
D.moredifficultas;
asexpensive
4.Ithinkthestoryisnotso___asthatone.
A.interestingB.interested
C.moreinterestingD.mostinteresting
5.Hisfatherbegantowork____hewassevenyearsold.
A.asoldasB.asearlyasC.sinceD.while
（）1.Ithinkscienceis_thanJapanese.
A.muchimportantB.important
C.muchmoreimportantD.moremuchimportant
（）2Thispencilis___thanthatone.
A.longestB.longC.longerD.aslong
（）3Mymotherisno___young.
A.shorterB.longerC.littleD.few
（）4Thesechildrenare____thisyearthantheywerelastyear.
A.moretallB.moretaller
C.verytallerD.muchtaller
（）5Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis___today.
A.evenhotterB.morehotter
C.muchmorehotD.muchhot
6.MrsBlackhasgot____insteadofgettinganybetter.
A.morebadB.alittleworseC.muchbadlyD.alotofworse
1.Whenwearrived,wefoundthemeetingroomcrowdedwith___students.
A.quiteafewB.onlyafewC.fewD.afewquite
2.Thehouseissmallforafamilyofsix.
A.muchtooB.toomuchC.verymuchD.so
3.Throughthewindowwecanseenothingbut____buildings.
A.tallverymanyB.verymanytallC.verytallmanyD.manyverytall
4.-What'
syourbrotherlike?
-Heis___.
A.adriverB.verytallC.myfriendD.atschool
5.Thejacketwasso___thathedecidedtobuyit.
A.muchB.littleC.expensiveD.cheapl
6.Ourclassroomis____largerthantheirs.
A.moreB.quiteC.veryD.much
（）1.Theearthisabout____asthemoon.
A.asfiftytimebigB.fiftytimesasbigC.asbigfiftytimesD.fiftyastimesbig
（）2.Yourroomismine.
A.twiceaslargethan
B.twicethesizeof
C.biggertwicethanD.astwicelargeas
（）3.Yourroomis___thanmine.
A.threetimebigB.threetimesbig
C.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes
（）4.Hisfatheris____thanhismother.;
A.olderfouryearsB.asfouryearsolder
C.fouryearsolderD.biggerfouryears
（）1.Mathsismorepopularthan____.
A.anyothersubjectB.allthesubjects
C.anysubjectD.othersubject
（）2.Chinaislargerthan____inAfrica.
A.anyothercountryB.othercountries
C.theothercountryJ1%D.anycountry
（）3.Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.
A.anyotherboyB.anyboys
C.anyboyD.otherboy
（）1.Whenspringcomes,itgets____.
A.warmandwarmB.colderandcolder
C.warmerandwarmerD.shorterandshorter
（）2.Byandby,____studentsinourclasscametolikeEnglish.
A.moreandmoreB.muchandmuch
C.manyandmanyD.lessandleast
（）3.Atlasthebegantocry___.
A.hardandhardB.morehardandmorehard
C.harderandharderD.lesshardandlessharder
（）4.Whenspringcomesthedaysget____andnights____.
A.short;
longB.long;
short
C.longer;
shorterD.shorter;
longer
1.___Ilookatthepicture,____Ilikeit.
A.Thebest;
themore
B.Themore;
theless
C.Themore;
less
D.More;
themore
2.___hereadthebook,____hegotinit.
A.Themore;
themoreinteresting
B.Theless;
themoreinteresting
themoreinterested
moreinterested
3.___youcomeback,_____itwillbe.
A,Thequicker;
thebest
B.Thesooner;
thebetter
C.Faster;
thebetter
D.Thesooner;
better
（）1.Ilike___oneofthetwobooks.
A.theolderB.oldestC.theoldestD.older
（）2.Whichis___country,ChinaorJapan?
A.thelargeB.thelargerC.largerD.largest
（）3.Ofthetwocups,hebought.
A.thesmallerB.thesmallestC.smallD:
smaller
（）1.Whichdoyoulike___,teaorcoffee?
A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most
（）2.Thisworkis____formethanforyou.
A.difficult
B.mostdifficult
C.muchdifficult
D.moredifficult
（）3.Whichdoyouthinktastes____,thechickenorthefish?
A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well
（）4.TheGreatPyramidisabout137metreshightoday,butitwasonce
A.higherB.highestC.hightooD.morehigh
（）5.Don'
tyouthinkit______nottowritetheletter?
A.well,B.betterC.bestD.good
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