七年级上英语教材知识体系与知识点整理Word文档格式.docx
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watchwhatwant
/ɑ:
/or/æ
(在f,s,th等前)
afterasklastclassbasketballfather
al
/ɔ:
allballcallsmalltalkwalk
ay
/eɪ/
dayMayplaysay
ar
artcarcardpartyMarchstar
e
hemeshewethese
/e/
bedegghelptengetdeskletnextselltwelve
ea
eatpleasespeakeasyteacher
headbreadbreakfasthealthysweater
ee
beefgreenmeetneedseefreethreeweekfifteen
er
/ɜ:
(r)/
herhersterm
ear
/ə(r)/or/ɪr/
dearnearhearclear
i
/a/
likeniceninepricetimewhitetidy
//
bigquiltthingthinktripwithmiddle
ir
firstgirlshirtskirtthirdbirthdaythirty
o
/əʊ/
nogosooldthoseclothesphonephotosofa
/ɒ/or/ɑ:
/,/ɔ:
boxclockdoglonglostsockdollarmodal
ʌ/
(在m,n,th,v前)
comelovemonthsonbrothermotherMonday
oo
/ʊ/
bookgoodlookfoot
/:
coolfoodroomschooltoo
or
shortsportmorning
ou
/aʊ/
foundsoundabouttrousers
ow
brownhownow
oy
//
boytoy
u
j:
musicexcusestudentTuesdayusefulcomputer
butcupfunlunchmuchmustnumbersubjectuncle
:
blueJuneruler
ur
turnburgerpurpleThursday
2.元音字母和元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音
/ə/(/ə(r)/)
aboutChinasaladsofabananavegetable
e/i
helloscienceApril
o/or
carrotsecondfavoritetomatocolordoctor
ar/er
dollarbrotherdinnerundernumber
u/ur
AugustdifficultSaturday
/ɪ/
eraserelevenrelaxing
Englisheveningmorningmusic
2.辅音字母和辅音字母组合的读音
b/b/batballBob
c/k/callcanmusic
/s/citypencilprice
d/d/daddateread
f/f/fatherfunafter
g/g/getgobig
/dʒ/orangegeographyvegetable
h/h/headhappyheavy
j/dʒ/Julyjacketsubject
k/k/keybookweek
l/ǀ/looklikeJuly
m/m/mapmathgame
n/n/nameneednine
p/p/penpartycup
r/r/redricebread
s/s/somesistersock
/z/hisalwaysyours
t/t/tapetableset
v/v/veryvegetablehave
w/w/weekwellwatch
x/ks/sixexcitingexcuse
/gz/examexample
y/j/yesyouryellow
z/z/zerozoosize
ch/tʃ/chairteacherMarch
ck/k/blackchickenJack
dr/dr/drawdrumchildren
ds/dz/bedscardssounds
kn/n/
knowknife
ng/ŋ/longEnglishmorning
nk/ŋk/thinkthankFrank
ph/f/phonephotogeography
qu/kw/quiltqueenquestion
sh/ʃ/sheshoefinish
tch/tʃ/watchmatchcatch
th/θ/thankthingmath
/ð
/thatthisbrother
tr/tr/
triptrousersstrawberry
ts/ts/batshatshabits
wh/w/whatwhitewhen
/h/whowhosewhole
wr/r/writerwrongwrite
Ⅳ.英音和美音的读音简要对比
情况
英音
美音
1.英式英语中字母r有的发音,有的不发音;
美式英语中无论在何种情况下字母r都发音。
sport/spɔ:
t/
star/stɑ:
(r)/
first/fɜ:
st/
sport/spɔ:
rt/
r/
rst/
2.英式英语中元音字母a读非卷舌音/ɑ:
/,美式英语中元音字母a读/æ
/,但有的词例外,例如:
father,calm。
ask/ɑ:
sk/
after/ɑ:
ftə(r)/
father/fɑ:
ð
ə(r)/
calm/kɑ:
m/
ask/æ
after/æ
3.英式英语中长短音比较明确,而美式英语中基本上不分长短音,短元音可以读成长元音,例如:
1)在英式英语中许多单词读作/ɒ/的,在美式英语中读作/ɑ:
/;
2)在英式英语中许多单词读作/ɒ/的,在美式英语中读作/ɑ:
/或/ɔ:
/。
box/bɒks/
sock/sɒk/
long/ǀɒŋ/
want/wɒnt/
box/bɑ:
ks/
sock/sɑ:
k/
long/ǀɔ:
ŋ/
want/wɑ:
nt/;
/wɔ:
nt/
Ⅴ.朗读基本知识
1.单词重音
英语单词有单音节词、双音节词和多音节词之分。
含有一个响亮音素的声音片断叫作一个音节。
英语里的元音都是响亮的音素。
由一个音节构成的词叫作单音节词,例如:
hi,mom,dad,first,meet等等。
由两个或两个以上音节构成的词叫作双音节词或多音节词。
对于双音节词或多音节词,有的音节须读得重些,叫作重读音节;
有的音节要读得轻些,叫作非重读音节。
重读音节用重音符号“′”标出。
双音节词的重读一般落在第一个音节上,例如:
jacket/′dʒæ
kt/,question/′kwestʃən/,sweater/′swetə/
少数双音节词的重读在第二个音节上,例如:
excuse/ɪk′skj:
z/,July/dʒ′a/,about/ə′baʊt/
三音节词的重读一般也在第一个音节上,例如:
favorite/′fevərt/,vegetable/′vedʒtəb/,interesting/′ntrəstŋ/
少数三音节词的重音在第二个音节上,例如:
computer/kəm′pj:
tə(r)/,tomato/tə′mɑ:
təʊ/,
December/d′sembə(r)/
有的双音节词和多音节词有两个重音,一个是主重音,一个是次重音,次重音用“、”表示,标在次重音的左下方。
例如:
thirteen/θɜ:
(r)′ti:
n/fifteen/f′ti:
n/,
afternoon/ɑ:
ftə′n:
n/(/æ
ftər′n:
n/)
2.连读(Liaison)
在朗读中,意义上有联系的词前一个单词末尾的辅音和后一个单词词前的元音有时可连起来读。
连读现象是在语言交际中,特别是随着语速的加快而自然产生的,可用符号“︵”表示。
常见的连读情况有:
1)辅音+元音
前一个词的词尾是辅音,后一个词以元音开头,这时两个词可以连读,例如:
It’sagoodidea.Comeon,Jack!
Isitonthedesk?
Lookatit.Letmegetit.Canyouplaygameswithus?
2)r/re+元音
前一个词的词尾是r或re,后一个词的词首是元音,这时两个词可以连读,中间增加一个/r/音。
Asktheteacherforit.Ineedapairofsportsshoesforschool.
Ⅵ.分单元语音练习
StarterUnit1Goodmorning!
Listenandread.
/e//æ
//i:
//e/
Dalemaphepen
samethanktheseyes
Graceblackeveningspell
StarterUnit2What’sthisinEnglish?
/a////əʊ//ɒ/or/ɑ:
/,/ɔ:
hiisnodog
finethisOKnot
whitequiltthoseorange
StarterUnit3Whatcolorisit?
/j:
//:
//ʌ/
usebluecup
excuserulerbus
computerJunemust
Unit1Myname’sGina.
1.Listenandread.
//ɪ//e//æ
//ɜ:
(r)//ə(r)/
shesixeggblackherruler
wehisspelljacketfirstnumber
eveningmiddlesevenAlicegirlcolor
2.Listenandread.
1)A:
What’syourname?
B:
Myname’sJenny.
2)A:
What’syourtelephonenumber?
It’s555-8903.
3)He’sAlan.She’sLinda.I’mBob.
Unit2Thisismysister.
1.Listenandread.
//ʊ//ɔ:
(r)//ɒ/or/ɑ:
(r)//
toogoodfournotartson
schoollookshortBobcardmother
rulerbooksportclockpartynumber
1)Thisismymother.Mom,thisisJohn.
2)Theseareherparentsandthoseareherbrothers.
3)Hi,I’mJenny.Ihaveaverynicefamily.
Unit3Isthisyourpencil?
/au/
e
/(r)/or/r/
/e(r)/
or/er/
these
now
name
mine
dear
chair
photo
how
same
China
near
pear
sofa
found
eraser
library
here
parent
1)A:
Isthisyour↗ruler?
↘Yes,it↘is.
2)A:
Isthatyour↗schoolbag?
B:
↘No,it↘isn'
t.
3)A:
Aretheseher↗books?
↘Yes,theyare.
4)Thesearemy↘keys.Arethoseyour↘keys?
Unit4Where'
smyschoolbag?
/p/
/b/
/t/
/d/
/k/
/g/
/s/
/z/
pencil
book
tidy
dog
key
girl
spell
zero
picture
blue
table
desk
color
grandpa
some
yours
tape
Bob
last
bed
ask
bag
nice
please
/m/
/n/
/w/
/y/
thing
this
nine
ring
watch
yes
thank
they
model
know
what
your
three
mother
room
pen
morning
white
yellow
Where'
smy↘pencilbox?
It'
sonthe↘sofa.
A:
Howaboutmy↘schoolbag?
sonthe↘table.
What'
syour↘name?
Myname'
s↘Linda.
syourphone↘number?
s237-657↘7.
Unit5Doyouhaveasoccerball?
/f/
/v/
/t/
/d3/
Find
very
she
Jane
fun
evening
short
teacher
jacket
after
love
English
orange
/tr/
/dr/
Its/
/dz/
/l/
/r/
/h/
tree
draw
bats
beds
let
hat
trousers
drum
hats
cards
look
great
hers
strawberry
children
sport
sounds
play
friend
••onlyafteralwayspicture
••aboutexcusehellobecause
Unit6Doyoulikebananas?
a/e/
/a:
/or//
ai/e/
ay/e/
al/
aw/
fat
mail
day
call
apple
class
rain
May
baU
law
radio
salad
father
paint
small
/z/
/ts/
maps
girls
classes
cups
photos
watches
parents
desks
families
oranges
students
friends
2.Listenandread
•••hamburgerstrawberrydifficultinterestingtelephone
•••bananatomatorelaxingcomputerSeptember
Unit7Howmucharethesesocks?
e/i:
ea/i:
ee/i:
ear/i(r)/or/r/
/e(r)/or/er/
we
help
sweater
need
be
sell
easy
breakfast
meet
bear
twelve
healthy
thirteen
clear
wear
••thirtytwentyquestiondollarpurple
••thirteenfourteenfifteensixteeneighteen
Unit8Whenisyourbirthday?
i/a/
/
y/a/
/i/
/j/
x/ks/
ice
trip
my
party
six
time
fifth
why
next
price
milk
July
busy
excuse
c/k/
ck/k/
ch/t
g/g/
/d
cup
clock
game
age
March
green
computer
chicken
lunch
August
vegetable
••••festivaltelephonefamilylibrary
•••SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
Unit9Myfavoritesubjectisscience.
o/u/
//or/a:
/,/
oo/u:
/u/
ou/au/
ow/au/
u/
old
long
food
good
home
cool
sound
brown
show
dollar
school
about
1)A:
'
Whydoes'
Tomlike'
math?
Be'
causeit'
s'
interesting.
2)A:
Whydoyou'
like'
art?
causeits'
fun.
3)A:
Doyou'
English?
Yes,I'
do.
4)A:
Doess