TED演讲英文演讲稿内向性格的力量Word下载.docx

TED演讲英文演讲稿内向性格的力量Word下载.docx

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　　WhenIwasnineyearsoldIwentofftosummercampforthefirsttime.Andmymotherpackedmeasuitcasefullofbooks,whichtomeseemedlikeaperfectlynaturalthingtodo.Becauseinmyfamily,readingwastheprimarygroupactivity.Andthismightsoundantisocialtoyou,butforusitwasreallyjustadifferentwayofbeingsocial.Youhavetheanimalwarmthofyourfamilysittingrightnexttoyou,butyouarealsofreetogoroamingaroundtheadventurelandinsideyourownmind.AndIhadthisideathatcampwasgoingtobejustlikethis,butbetter.（Laughter）Ihadavisionof10girlssittinginacabincozilyreadingbooksintheirmatchingnightgowns.

　　（Laughter）

　　Campwasmorelikeakegpartywithoutanyalcohol.Andontheveryfirstdayourcounselorgatheredusalltogetherandshetaughtusacheerthatshesaidwewouldbedoingeverydayfortherestofthesummertoinstillcampspirit.Anditwentlikethis:

"

R-O-W-D-I-E,that'

sthewaywespellrowdie.Rowdie,rowdie,let'

sgetrowdie."

Yeah.SoIcouldn'

tfigureoutforthelifeofmewhyweweresupposedtobesorowdy,orwhywehadtospellthiswordincorrectly.（Laughter）ButIrecitedacheer.Irecitedacheeralongwitheverybodyelse.Ididmybest.AndIjustwaitedforthetimethatIcouldgooffandreadmybooks.

　　ButthefirsttimethatItookmybookoutofmysuitcase,thecoolestgirlinthebunkcameuptomeandsheaskedme,"

Whyareyoubeingsomellow?

"

--mellow,ofcourse,beingtheexactoppositeofR-O-W-D-I-E.AndthenthesecondtimeItriedit,thecounselorcameuptomewithaconcernedexpressiononherfaceandsherepeatedthepointaboutcampspiritandsaidweshouldallworkveryhardtobeoutgoing.

　　AndsoIputmybooksaway,backintheirsuitcase,andIputthemundermybed,andtheretheystayedfortherestofthesummer.AndIfeltkindofguiltyaboutthis.Ifeltasifthebooksneededmesomehow,andtheywerecallingouttomeandIwasforsakingthem.ButIdidforsakethemandIdidn'

topenthatsuitcaseagainuntilIwasbackhomewithmyfamilyattheendofthesummer.

　　Now,Itellyouthisstoryaboutsummercamp.Icouldhavetoldyou50othersjustlikeit--allthetimesthatIgotthemessagethatsomehowmyquietandintrovertedstyleofbeingwasnotnecessarilytherightwaytogo,thatIshouldbetryingtopassasmoreofanextrovert.AndIalwayssenseddeepdownthatthiswaswrongandthatintrovertswereprettyexcellentjustastheywere.ButforyearsIdeniedthisintuition,andsoIbecameaWallStreetlawyer,ofallthings,insteadofthewriterthatIhadalwayslongedtobe--partlybecauseIneededtoprovetomyselfthatIcouldbeboldandassertivetoo.AndIwasalwaysgoingofftocrowdedbarswhenIreallywouldhavepreferredtojusthaveanicedinnerwithfriends.AndImadetheseself-negatingchoicessoreflexively,thatIwasn'

tevenawarethatIwasmakingthem.

　　Nowthisiswhatmanyintrovertsdo,andit'

sourlossforsure,butitisalsoourcolleagues'

lossandourcommunities'

loss.Andattheriskofsoundinggrandiose,itistheworld'

sloss.Becausewhenitcomestocreativityandtoleadership,weneedintrovertsdoingwhattheydobest.Athirdtoahalfofthepopulationareintroverts--athirdtoahalf.Sothat'

soneoutofeverytwoorthreepeopleyouknow.Soevenifyou'

reanextrovertyourself,I'

mtalkingaboutyourcoworkersandyourspousesandyourchildrenandthepersonsittingnexttoyourightnow--allofthemsubjecttothisbiasthatisprettydeepandrealinoursociety.Weallinternalizeitfromaveryearlyagewithoutevenhavingalanguageforwhatwe'

redoing.

　　Nowtoseethebiasclearlyyouneedtounderstandwhatintroversionis.It'

sdifferentfrombeingshy.Shynessisaboutfearofsocialjudgment.Introversionismoreabout,howdoyourespondtostimulation,includingsocialstimulation.Soextrovertsreallycravelargeamountsofstimulation,whereasintrovertsfeelattheirmostaliveandtheirmostswitched-onandtheirmostcapablewhenthey'

reinquieter,morelow-keyenvironments.Notallthetime--thesethingsaren'

tabsolute--butalotofthetime.Sothekeythentomaximizingourtalentsisforusalltoputourselvesinthezoneofstimulationthatisrightforus.

　　Butnowhere'

swherethebiascomesin.Ourmostimportantinstitutions,ourschoolsandourworkplaces,theyaredesignedmostlyforextrovertsandforextroverts'

needforlotsofstimulation.AndalsowehavethisbeliefsystemrightnowthatIcallthenewgroupthink,whichholdsthatallcreativityandallproductivitycomesfromaveryoddlygregariousplace.

　　Soifyoupicturethetypicalclassroomnowadays:

WhenIwasgoingtoschool,wesatinrows.Wesatinrowsofdeskslikethis,andwedidmostofourworkprettyautonomously.Butnowadays,yourtypicalclassroomhaspodsofdesks--fourorfiveorsixorsevenkidsallfacingeachother.Andkidsareworkingincountlessgroupassignments.Eveninsubjectslikemathandcreativewriting,whichyouthinkwoulddependonsoloflightsofthought,kidsarenowexpectedtoactascommitteemembers.Andforthekidswhoprefertogooffbythemselvesorjusttoworkalone,thosekidsareseenasoutliersoftenor,worse,asproblemcases.Andthevastmajorityofteachersreportsbelievingthattheidealstudentisanextrovertasopposedtoanintrovert,eventhoughintrovertsactuallygetbettergradesandaremoreknowledgeable,accordingtoresearch.（Laughter）

　　Okay,samethingistrueinourworkplaces.Now,mostofusworkinopenplanoffices,withoutwalls,wherewearesubjecttotheconstantnoiseandgazeofourcoworkers.Andwhenitcomestoleadership,introvertsareroutinelypassedoverforleadershippositions,eventhoughintrovertstendtobeverycareful,muchlesslikelytotakeoutsizerisks--whichissomethingwemightallfavornowadays.AndinterestingresearchbyAdamGrantattheWhartonSchoolhasfoundthatintrovertedleadersoftendeliverbetteroutcomesthanextrovertsdo,becausewhentheyaremanagingproactiveemployees,they'

remuchmorelikelytoletthoseemployeesrunwiththeirideas,whereasanextrovertcan,quiteunwittingly,getsoexcitedaboutthingsthatthey'

reputtingtheirownstamponthings,andotherpeople'

sideasmightnotaseasilythenbubbleuptothesurface.

　　Nowinfact,someofourtransformativeleadersinhistoryhavebeenintroverts.I'

llgiveyousomeexamples.EleanorRoosevelt,Rosaparks,Gandhi--allthesepeopleddescribedthemselvesasquietandsoft-spokenandevenshy.Andtheyalltookthespotlight,eventhougheveryboneintheirbodieswastellingthemnotto.Andthisturnsouttohaveaspecialpowerallitsown,becausepeoplecouldfeelthattheseleaderswereatthehelm,notbecausetheyenjoyeddirectingothersandnotoutofthepleasureofbeinglookedat;

theyweretherebecausetheyhadnochoice,becausetheyweredriventodowhattheythoughtwasright.

　　NowIthinkatthispointit'

simportantformetosaythatIactuallyloveextroverts.Ialwaysliketosaysomeofmybestfriendsareextroverts,includingmybelovedhusband.Andweallfallatdifferentpoints,ofcourse,alongtheintrovert/extrovertspectrum.EvenCarlJung,thepsychologistwhofirstpopularizedtheseterms,saidthatthere'

snosuchthingasapureintrovertorapureextrovert.Hesaidthatsuchamanwouldbeinalunaticasylum,ifheexistedatall.Andsomepeoplefallsmackinthemiddleoftheintrovert/extrovertspectrum,andwecallthesepeopleambiverts.AndIoftenthinkthattheyhavethebestofallworlds.Butmanyofusdorecognizeourselvesasonetypeortheother.

　　AndwhatI'

msayingisthatculturallyweneedamuchbetterbalance.Weneedmoreofayinandyangbetweenthesetwotypes.Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenitcomestocreativityandtoproductivity,becausewhenpsychologistslookatthelivesofthemostcreativepeople,whattheyfindarepeoplewhoareverygoodatexchangingideasandadvancingideas,butwhoalsohaveaseriousstreakofintroversioninthem.

　　Andthisisbecausesolitudeisacrucialingredientoftentocreativity.SoDarwin,hetooklongwalksaloneinthewoodsandemphaticallyturneddowndinnerpartyinvitations.TheodorGeisel,betterknownasDr.Seuss,hedreamedupmanyofhisamazingcreationsinalonelybelltowerofficethathehadinthebackofhishouseinLaJolla,California.AndhewasactuallyafraidtomeettheyoungchildrenwhoreadhisbooksforfearthattheywereexpectinghimthiskindofjollySantaClaus-likefigureandwouldbedisappointedwithhismorereservedpersona.SteveWozniakinventedthefirstApplecomputersittingaloneinhiscubicalinHewlett-packardwherehewasworkingatthetime.Andhesaysthatheneverwouldhavebecomesuchanexpertinthefirstplacehadhenotbeentoointrovertedtoleavethehousewhenhewasgrowingup.

　　Nowofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthatweshouldallstopcollaborating--andcaseinpoint,isSteveWozniakfamouslycomingtogetherwithSteveJobstostartAppleComputer--butitdoesmeanthatsolitudemattersandthatforsomepeopleitistheairthattheybreathe.Andinfact,wehaveknownforcenturiesaboutthetranscendentpowerofsolitude.It'

sonlyrecentlythatwe'

vestrangelybeguntoforgetit.Ifyoulookatmostoftheworld'

smajorreligions,youwillfindseekers--Moses,Jesus,Buddha,Muhammad--seekerswhoaregoingoffbythemselvesalonetothewildernesswheretheythenhaveprofoundepiphaniesandrevelationsthattheythenbringbacktotherestofthecommunity.Sonowilderness,norevelations