全新版大学英语综合教程4第二版课后全答案解析Word下载.docx

全新版大学英语综合教程4第二版课后全答案解析Word下载.docx

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t.HeinstructedtheRussianpeopleto"

scorchtheearth"

infrontoftheGermaninvaders.

9.ThepeopleofLeningradrefusedtosurrenderandputupaheroic,stiffresistance.

10.Anearly,severe,coldwinter,toalargeextent,sloweddowntheGermanadvanceonMoscow.

11.ThelossofthebattleforStalingradturnedthetideagainstHitler.TheGermanvictorieswereover.

12.Theauthorconcludesthattheelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.

TextOrganization

1.

PartsParagraphsMainIdeas

PartOneParas1-2Introduction—BothNapoleon'

sandHitler'

smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.

PartTwoParas3-11Napoleon'

smilitarycampaignagainstRussia

PartThreeParas12-20Hitler'

smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion.

PartFourPara21Conclusion—Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.

2.

SectionsParagraphsMainIdeas

SectionOneParas12-13Hitler'

sblitzkriegagainstRussiaandStalin'

sscorched-earthpolicy.

SectionTwoParas14-18ThebattlesfoughtatLeningrad,MoscowandStalingrad.

SectionThreeParas19-20TheRussiancounter-offensiveandtheoutcomeofthewar.

LanguageSenseEnhancement

1）thefierceresistance2）thelongmarch

3）thedevastatingenemy4）bleak

5）launched6）militarymight

7）moweddown8）campaign

9）apainfullesson10）theaid

Vocabulary

I.

1）alliance2）atthecostof

3）stroke4）limp

5）minus6）regions

7）declarations8）siege

9）raw10）bidehistime

11）havetakentheirtoll12）inthecaseof

1）isfacedwith2）getboggeddown

3）ispressingon/pressedon4）dragon

5）getby6）dineout

7）havecutback8）getthrough

3.

1）Therapidadvanceingenetherapymayleadtotheconquestofcancerinthenearfuture.

2）Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsduetothedockworkers'

strike.

3）Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestswill/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.

4）Obviouslythereporter'

squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.

5）Theintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorhasrenderedtheslideruleoutofdate/obsolete.

4.

1）Beingfacedwithanenemyforcesmuchsuperiortoours,wehadtogiveuptheoccupationofbigcitiesandretreattotheruralandmountainousregionstobuildupourbase.

2）Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.Failuretoreckonwiththisproblemwillweakenitsstrength.Inmanycases,workmaybebroughttoahaltbyconstantinternalstruggleinanorganization.

3）TheRedArmyfoughtaheroicbattleatStalingradandwonthedecisivevictoryagainsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleturnedthetideintheSecondWorldWar.Duringthisfamousbattle,theSoviettroopswithstoodtheGermansiegeandweakenedtheGermanarmybylaunchingaseriesofcounterattacks.

II.

1DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervastareas.SomeofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthegloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgium.

2Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherefforts/homeworkpaidoff.

3Ispenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,butheturnedadeafeartoallmywords.

4Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowherfragilebodycouldwithstandtheharshweather.

III.

1fallill

2laydeadathomefortwoweeks

3droppeddeadfromaheartattack

4fellasleep.

5marryingyoung

6tositstillforlongerthanafewminutes

ComprehensiveExercises

I.Cloze

1．

1）invasion2）standintheway

3）Conquest4）catching（Stalin）offhisguard

5）launching6）declaration

7）campaign8）dragon

9）reckonwith10）bringing（theGermanadvance）toahalt

2．

1）allow2）reckoned3）highly4）forecasts5）rapidly

6）instant7）delivery8）advantage9）observing10）powerful

II.Translation

1）Mr.Dohertyandhisfamilyarecurrentlyengagedingettingtheautumnharvestinonthefarm.

2）Wemustnotunderestimatetheenemy.Theyareequippedwiththemostsophisticatedweapons.

3）Havingbeenoutofajob/Nothavinghadajobfor3months,Philisgettingincreasinglydesperate.

4）Sam,astheprojectmanager,isdecisive,efficient,andaccurateinhisjudgement.

5）Sincethechemicalplantwasidentifiedasthesourceofpollution,thevillageneighborhoodcommitteedecidedtocloseitdownatthecostof100jobs.

Theoffensivehadalreadylastedthreedays,butwehadnotgainedmuchground.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedourbattaliontogetaroundtotherearoftheenemyatnightandlaunchasurpriseattack.Todoso,however,wehadtocrossmarshlandandmanyofuswereafraidwemightgetboggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedtotakeagamble.Luckyenough,thankstotheseverelycoldweatherwhichmadethemarchlandfreezeover,wearrivedatourdestinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingtheenemyfromtherear.Thisturnedthetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caughtoffguard,soonsurrendered.

PartIIIHomeReadingTask

ComprehensionCheck

1.d2.d

3.b4.a

5.b6.d

Translation

1.6月5日被选定为进攻开始日，其用意是留下一个安全系数，以防万一进攻需要推迟。

2.然而，当年春夏之交大风暴异乎寻常地多，希望在这个时候天气会出现一个适合进攻的风平浪静的间隙，可能性微乎其微。

3.要是在原定地区登陆的话，德军海岸炮群无疑会拼命抵抗并给盟军造成惨重伤亡。

在新登陆区的登陆几乎没有遭到任何抵抗。

4.尽管困难重重，艾森豪威尔在与恶劣天气的赌博中赢得了胜利。

LanguagePractice

1）d2）h3）b4）a5）f6）e7）c8）g

1）boast2）obstacles

3）wasconcerned4）call（it）off

5）paidoff6）waspinneddown

7）contesting8）priorto

9）holdout10）objective

11）responsiblefor12）incase

PartIVComprehensiveLanguagePractice

Modelpaper

CanManTriumphoverNature?

Whenpeopletalkofmantriumphingovernature,manythingscometomind.Onethinksofsuccessesinmedicineinthefightagainstdisease,suchastheinventionofantibioticsandthepromiseheldoutbyadvancesinbiogeneticengineering.Onabroaderscale,onethinksofman'

ssuccessinharnessingnewformsofenergyfromsteampowerthroughoiltonuclearpower.

Yet,naturehasoftenhitbackinunexpectedwaystotheseattemptstotameit.Newformsofdiseasethatareresistanttoantibioticsareconstantlydeveloping.Burningfossilfuelshasledtofearsofglobalwarming;

whilenuclearpowerhasproduceddangerouswastethatwillremainahazardforgenerationstocome.

However,perhapstotalkofmantriumphingovernatureisthewrongwaytolookatthematter.Weneedtofindwaystoworkwithnatureratherthanforeverfightingagainstit.

（154words）

Unit2

PartIListeningTask

Scriptfortherecording:

We'

regoingtoseemoreandmoreautomationastimegoeson.Makingacarthatgoesmorethan100km/hisn'

tahugeengineeringproblem—buthumandriverscan'

trespondfastenoughtomakethosespeedssafe.Personally,I'

mallinfavoroflettingthecardriveitself.I'

dmuchrathertrustmylifetotheeffortsofengineersandprogrammersthantheangry,sleepy,distracted,incompetent,drunkenpeoplewhoarebehindalotofwheelsnow.

It'

softenbeensaidthatanyonecouldhavepredictedtheautomobile,butonlyascience-fictionwritercouldhavepredictedthetrafficjam.Well,hereIampredictingtheendoftrafficjams:

computer-controlledcarswon'

tgetineachother'

sway,andtheywon'

tslowdownastheirdriversgazeataccidents—inpartbecausetherewillbemanyfeweraccidents,andinpartbecausethepassengersinthecarwillbeabletogetadecentlookwithoutthecargoingataslowerspeed.

Therereallyarealotofplusestotheself-drivingcar:

youcansleep,drink,read,watchTV,dowork—whateveryouwant—whilegettingsafelyandefficientlytoyourdestination.Formymoney,wecan'

tmakethetransitionsoonenough."

Roadrage"

willbeathingofthepast;

there'

snoreasondrivingshouldbefrustrating,orwhycaraccidentsshouldbetheleadingcauseofdeathofmenundertheageof25.

Still,therewillbeadesiretogetoutontheopenhighwayandjustdrive—peopledoenjoythat,anditwon'

tentirelydisappear.Butinthefuturewhenwetalkabouthybridcarswe'

llmeancarsthatcanbebothself-drivenandcontrolledbyadriver;

theterms"

manual"

and"

automatic"

won'

trefertotransmissionsbutthetotalityofoperatingthevehicle.So,yeah,youcangetoutonthehighwaywhenthemoodstrikesyou—butmostoftheothervehicleswillstillbedrivingthemselves.

AfterListening

1.theeffortsofengineersandprogrammers

2.trafficjams

3.theleadingcauseofdeath

4.ahybrid

1.Theautomobileindustryrankedasamongthemostlucrativeandpowerfulindustriesofthetwentiethcentury.

2.Carsandroadswillberevolutionizedinthetwenty-firstcentury.

3.Becauseitissensorsthatwillenablevehiclesandroadstobeable