交通工程专业英语(裴玉龙).ppt
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EnglishinTrafficEngineeringGivenbyLiHongContentsTheEvolutionofTransportAVCSSContributestowardReducingCongestionandImprovingTrafficSafetyUrbanTransitDefinitionsSightDistanceRoundaboutIntersectionUnit1Unit2ReinforcementinConcreteRoadSlabsUnit6Unit3Unit4Unit5ContentsUnit7Unit8FreewaysUnit12Unit9Unit10Unit11TranslationskillsEnglishAbstractWritingIntersectionsRoadworksBridgesTheEvolutionofTransportvHowdoestransportproducedanddeveloped?
vWhatrestrictsthedevelopmentoftransportation?
vWhatarethenegetiveresultscausedbyvarioustransportmodes?
vHowistheprospetoftransportaccordingtothispaper?
Atfirsttherewasmobilityrequiredforindividuals,clans,households,andaniamlstoprotectthemagainst,andtoescapefrom,thedangersofnaruraldisastersandtribalaggessions,andinthesearchforthebestplacestosettle.vtribetraibn.部落,族群,宗族部落,族群,宗族vevolutioni:
vlu:
nn.进展,发展,演变,进化进展,发展,演变,进化vclanklnn.宗族,部落,集宗族,部落,集团vterritorialterit:
rila.领土的,土地的领土的,土地的vintegrityintegrtin.正直,诚实,廉正,完整正直,诚实,廉正,完整vagressiongrenn.进攻,侵略进攻,侵略vcomeintobeing形成,产生形成,产生Astribalgroupsformedandgraduallyestablishedtheirgeographicalidentity,transportwasincreasinglyneedtoopenupregionsfordevelopent,toprovideaccesstonaturalresources,topromoteintercommunaltrade,andtomobilizeterritorialdefence.时间状状语从句从句PParagrapharagraph11交通运输的产生及其早期的作用交通运输的产生及其早期的作用Duringallofthisgradualdevelopmenttowardanorganizedhumansociety,(represestedtodaythroughtheinternationalfamilyofnations),transportasphysicalprocessofmovingpeopleandgoods,thuspromotingsuchdevelopment,continuouslyunderwenttechnologicalandorganizationalchanges.during引引导时间状状语从句从句vintercontinentalint,kntinentla.洲洲际间的,大的,大陆间的的vundergo,nduvt.经历经历,经经受;忍受受;忍受experiences;tests;surgeryvsubjectto使服从;使遭受;受使服从;使遭受;受管制管制vinresponseto响应,对响应,对作出反应作出反应PParagrapharagraph22运输方式的发展与人类社会的发展相互促进运输方式的发展与人类社会的发展相互促进vcriterionkraitirinn.(批批评判断的判断的)标准;准准;准则;规范范vfirstandforemost首先最重要的是首先最重要的是vunconstrainedn,knstreinda.不受约束的,不受强制的不受约束的,不受强制的vingenuity,indinju:
tin.创造性,独创性,心灵手巧创造性,独创性,心灵手巧PParagrapharagraph33Subsequentlyrefinedanddeveloped,suchnewtechnologiesmadeitpossibletobettermeetincreasingtransportdemand,thusimprovingbotheconomicprogressandhumanwelfare.社会发展需要高效率的交通运输社会发展需要高效率的交通运输vstrategicstrti:
dika.战略上的,战略的战略上的,战略的vstrategicmobility军军战略机动能力战略机动能力vpropulsionpruplnn.推进;推进力推进;推进力vself-propulsion自推进力,自我推进,自航自推进力,自我推进,自航vsturdyst:
dia.坚定的;强健的;健全的坚定的;强健的;健全的vsophisticatesfistikeitvt.弄复杂;使变得世故;曲解弄复杂;使变得世故;曲解n.久经世故的人;精通者久经世故的人;精通者vcosteffectiveness成本效率成本效率PParagrapharagraph45454:
新型运输方式的产生新型运输方式的产生5:
具有特殊用途的运输方式的产生具有特殊用途的运输方式的产生vequityekwtin.公平,公正;普通股;平衡公平,公正;普通股;平衡vsubsidizesbsidaizvt.资助;给与奖助金;向资助;给与奖助金;向行贿行贿vcommodityflow商品流动商品流动vdetrimental,detrimentladj.有害的;不利的有害的;不利的n.有害的人(或物)有害的人(或物)PParagrapharagraph6767Althoughtransportspotentialtomeeteffectivelynumeroussocitalmobilityneedimprovedcontinuously,itbecameevidentthatsucheffectivenesshaditsprice.although引引导让步状步状语从句从句6:
运输方式的发展与高投入相互制约运输方式的发展与高投入相互制约7:
交通运输发展所导致的环境污染问题交通运输发展所导致的环境污染问题vcriterionkraitirinn.(批批评判断的判断的)标准;准准;准则;规范范vfirstandforemost首先最重要的是首先最重要的是vunconstrainedn,knstreinda.不受约束的,不受强制的不受约束的,不受强制的vingenuity,indinju:
tin.创造性,独创性,心灵手巧创造性,独创性,心灵手巧PParagrapharagraph88Subsequentlyrefinedanddeveloped,suchnewtechnologiesmadeitpossibletobettermeetincreasingtransportdemand,thusimprovingbotheconomicprogressandhumanwelfare.社会发展需要高效率的交通运输社会发展需要高效率的交通运输vdwindledwindlv.减少;变小;使减少减少;变小;使减少vimpedeimpi:
dvt.阻碍;妨碍;阻止阻碍;妨碍;阻止vderivativedirivtivn.化学化学衍生物,派生物衍生物,派生物adj.派生的;引出的派生的;引出的vunabated,nbeitidadj.不减弱的,不衰退的不减弱的,不衰退的vdisproportiondisprp:
nn.不均衡;不相称不均衡;不相称vdeficitdefisitn.赤字;不足额赤字;不足额vcurrentaccount现金账户现金账户TheEndPParagrapharagraph8989Thereisnootherchoicebuttolookforalternativestopresenttransportsystemsortomodifythetechnicalandoperationalcharacteristicsofrelatedmodessothatenergyconsumptionandcostswillbereducedandenvironmentalimpactscanbekeptataminimum.8:
能源危机对运输成本及国家经济造成挑战能源危机对运输成本及国家经济造成挑战9:
对交通运输进一步发展提出建议对交通运输进一步发展提出建议AVCSSContributestowardReducingCongestionandImprovingTrafficSafetyvHowdoestransportproducedanddeveloped?
vWhatrestrictsthedevelopmentoftransportation?
vWhatarethenegetiveresultscausedbyvarioustransportmodes?
vHowistheprospetoftransportaccordingtothispaper?
Atfirsttherewasmobilityrequiredforindividuals,clans,households,andaniamlstoprotectthemagainst,andtoescapefrom,thedangersofnaruraldisastersandtribalaggessions,andinthesearchforthebestplacestosettle.vtribetraibn.部落,族群,宗族部落,族群,宗族vevolutioni:
vlu:
nn.进展,发展,演变,进化进展,发展,演变,进化vclanklnn.宗族,部落,集宗族,部落,集团vterritorialterit:
rila.领土的,土地的领土的,土地的vintegrityintegrtin.正直,诚实,廉正,完整正直,诚实,廉正,完整vagressiongrenn.进攻,侵略进攻,侵略vcomeintobeing形成,产生形成,产生Astribalgr