牛津8A 第八单元词汇语法综合讲义设计Word格式文档下载.docx
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①v.(使)摇动;
与某人握手[shakehandswithsb];
颤抖
Thehousemayshakewhenatraingoespast.
Shakeyourheadifyoudisagreewithit.
Hewasshakingwithfear.
②n.摇动,颤抖
Igavehimashaketowakehimup.
5.silentn.寂静的
△silencen.寂静
Pleasekeepsilent.
6.not...atall一点也不
Iamnothappyatall.
7.ifconj.是否[相当于whether]
Idon’tknowifhewillcometomorrow.
8.nervousadj.紧张不安的
benervousof/about...对......感到不安
Poorpeopleareusuallynervousaboutthefuture.
Don’tgetnervouseasily.
9.comedown倒塌,崩塌;
下降,降落
Theceilingcamedownwithaterrificcrash.
Theraincamedownintorrents.
Thepriceofgasiscomingdown
10.beatv.打败(某人);
(使)规律作响;
胜过
Icanbeathimatchess.
Shecanfeelherheartbeating.
Nothingbeatshomecooking.
11.sinceconj.由于
SinceweareinSuzhou,wemayaswellpayavisittotheGardens.
[扩展]because/since/as
because:
(因为)最直接客观的原因,because从句通常位于主句之后,对why进行回答也只用because.并且在英语中,because与so不能连用。
since:
(既然,由于)语气没because那么强,通常从句位于主句之前,表示显而易见的原因。
as:
(既然,由于)含义与since吻合,但是语气还不如since强。
Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterday,becauseIwasill.
Sinceyoudidn’ttrusthim,youshouldn’temployhim.
Asyouaretired,youshouldhaveabreak.
△For:
(因为)表示推测的原因,for是并列连词,而且只能位于第一个句子之后,不能作为并列句的前一个句子。
Heseldomgoesout,forheisreallyold.
12.aliveadj.活着的
[辨析]lively/alive/live/living
aliveadj.活着[侧重于生与死之间的界限,可做表语,后置定语和宾补]
livingadj.活着的[强调说明尚在人间]
earn/makealivingby......靠.....为生
theliving活着的人/事
lively:
活泼的,活跃的
live:
活着的;
现场的[指物,不能指人,通常做定语;
]
Heisstillalive.
Hemakesalivingbymakingfurniture.
MyEnglishteacherishumorous,andheoftenmakeshisclasslively.
Thisisalivefish.
13.still
①adv.仍然
Iamstillhungry.
②adj.静止的
Thekidsfoundithardtostaystill.
③(使)静止
Thewindstilled.
14.trappedadj.被困住的
Theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding.
15.calmn.镇定adj.镇定的v.使...镇定
calmdown:
镇定;
使......镇定
Iamenjoyingthecalmofthebeautifulnight.
Whateverdifficultyhemightmeet,hecanalwaysbecalm.
Joycancalmyournerves.
Calmdown!
Thereisnothingserious.
16.breakdown(车辆、机器)出故障;
失败;
情不自禁哭起来;
垮掉
Thebusbrokedownonthefreeway
Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.
Hebrokedownwhenheheardthenews.
Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.
17.as...aspossible尽可能......[相当于as...asonecan]
Pleasewritetomeassoonaspossible.
IspendasmuchtimeasIcanreadingEnglisheveryday.
18.fear
①害怕,恐惧,担忧[fears表示泛指,担忧]
infear处于害怕的状态
withfear出于害怕(表原因)
infearof害怕......
Hereyesshowednofear.
Thechildwasshakingwithfear.
Hestoodthereinfear.
Welivedinconstantfearoflosingourjobs.
Alanspokeofhisfearsforthefuture.
②害怕,畏惧
Allhisemployeesfearhim.
Shefearedtotellhimthetruth.
19.asleepadj.熟睡的
fallasleep熟睡的(状态)
[扩展]feelsleepy感到昏昏欲睡的
Westudentsshouldhaveenoughsleepatnight,orwemayfeelsleepyinclass.
Itis11p.m.Hemustfallasleep.
20.rulen.规则
makearule制定规则
follow/keep/obeyarule遵守规则
breakarule打破规则
21.clear
1v.清除,清理;
放晴
Youhavetoclearyourofficebeforeyouleave.
Theskyclearedafterthestorm.
②清晰的,明显的
Itisclearthathedidn’tattendschoolyesterday.
22.nearlyadv.接近
区分[nearly/almost]
区分
nearly
almost
侧重点
数量和时间
程度和状态
搭配
其前可以有very、quite、not等
almost可以与noone、nobody、nothing、everything等不定代词连用
Itisverynearly5o’clock.
Almostnobodylikestoplaywithhim.
23.heartn.心脏
loseheart灰心
Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.
24.catchfire着火[makeafire生火]
25.findone’swayout找到出路
Theygotlostandcouldn’tfindtheirwayout.
26.mindn.头脑
keepsthinmind牢记
makeupone’smindtodo下定决心做某事
Iwillkeepyourwordsinmind.
Ihavemadeupmymindtoleaveyou.
[扩展]mind作为动词‘介意’,其后接动词应用动名词。
-Wouldyoumind(one’s)doingsth?
-Ofcoursenot/Certainlynot/Notatall[不介意]
-You’dbetternot.[介意]
27.runinalldirections四散逃跑
Peoplearerunninginalldirections.
28.mop(up)thefloor用拖把擦干地板
29.其余词汇
disaster/earthquake/accident/crash/village/lightning/storm/thunder/slight/loud/bomb/brick/
shout/atlast/daylight/safe/towel/railway/burn/daughter/granddaughter/son/grandson/board
weekday/headache/toothache/countryside/housework/pancake/behind/dark
语法核心
一过去进行时
1.定义
表示过去某个时刻正在做某事Iwasplayingsoccerat4p.myesterday.
表示过去某个阶段正在做某事ShewaswatchingTVfrom1to4p.myesterday.
表以过去某个时刻为起点的将来(过去将来)LastTuesdayJacksaidhewasleavingforShanghai.
2.构成
主语+be(was/were)+doing+其他
3.与一般过去时连用的时间状语
thismorning/atthistimeyesterday/atthattime/atthatmoment/fromninetotenlastnight
when/while引起的时间状语从句,etc.
二when/while/as
△when/while/as
when:
当......时候。
从句的动作既可以发生在主句之前,也可以发生在主句之后,也可以同时发生。
其从句的谓语动词既可以为短暂性动词也可以为延续性动词。
WhenIcamein,allthestudentsweretalkingloudly.
WhenshewaswatchingTV,hermothercamehome.
WhenIarrivedatthebusstop,allthebuseshadgone.
while:
在......期间。
从句的动作与主句必须同时发生。
从句的谓语动词只能为延续性动词和表示状态的系表结构。
还可以表示主从句同时进行,都用进行时。
ShetelephonedmewhileIwaswatchingfootballmatchesonTV.
WhileIamaway,pleasehelpmelookaftermygoldfish.
Hewascookinginthekitchenwhilehisbrotherwasreadingmagazinesonthesofa.
当......时候;
伴随....;
一边......,一边......。
as大部分情况下可以与when/while互换。
但是as从句的谓语动词不可以为表示情感状态(不用于进行时)的动词。
并且表示两个动作同时进行,也用while,不用as。
另外,表示伴随......或者一边......来描述事情发生背景的时候,此时时间观念不是那么明显的时候只用as.
Ashewokeup,itwaseighto’clock.
IsawacaraccidentasIwasridingtoschool.
Astimegoesby,IgraduallyforgetthepainIeverhad.
Thegirlsangasshewalkedhome.