高考英语5最新全国卷模拟题汇编5 阅读理解之议论文原卷word版.docx
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高考英语5最新全国卷模拟题汇编5阅读理解之议论文原卷word版
2020年高考英语5-6月最新全国卷模拟题汇编
专题05阅读理解之议论文
1.(2020届安徽省名校高考模拟)
SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.
Thenewlaw,FamilyProtectionandDevelopmentPromotionAct,wasinitiated(启动)bytheMinistryofSocialDevelopmentandHumanSecurityandwasannouncedintheRoyalGazetteonMay22,2019.
Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothers'healthresidingunderthesameroof.Inthatcase,itwillbeconsideredas“domesticviolence".ThenewlawcameintoforceonAugust20.
Accordingtothecenterforresearchandknowledgemanagementfortobaccocontrol,attheFacultyofMedicalScienceofMahidolUniversity,thereareabout4.9millionhouseholdswhereoneormorefamilymemberssmoke.
Anaverageof10.3millionpeoplehaveunwittingly(不知不觉地)becomepassivesmokersbecausethey'vebeenbreathinginsmokeathome.Scientificstudiesshowthatpassivesmokersarealgreaterriskofbeingaffectedbycancer.
Of75childpatientsfromhouseswheresmokingispracticed,76%ofthemwerefoundtohavenicotinetracesintheirurine,with43%ofthemhavingnicotinecontentexceedingpermissiblelevels.
Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisa.lackofsmoking,andmightaswellruinrelationshipsbetweensmokersandnon-smokerfamilymembers.
Accordingtothenewlaw,anyonewhothinkstheyareaffectedbydomesticsmokingcanreporttoofficialsconcernedsothatinspectorswillbesenttoinvestigateandtakelegalactionagainstthesmokers.
Onceconvicted,thecourtmayorderapersontoreceivetreatmenttoquitsmokinginanattempttoprotecttheperson'sfamily.
InFebruaryin2019,Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.
8.WhatisthefactaboutthenewlawinThailand?
A.Itmakesitclearthatsmokingathomeisacrime.
B.I’salawonprotectingthehealthofnon-smokers.
C.Itwasdraftedandadoptedbytheroyalfamily.
D.Itclassifiessmokingasaformofdomesticviolence.
9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“curbing”inParagraph3?
A.Treating.B.Changing.
C.Improving.D.Controlling.
10.WhatisNOTtheevilconsequenceofsmokingathome?
A.Itmayincreasetheriskofcancerinpassivesmokers.
B.Itwillprobablycausephysicaloremotionalviolence.
C.Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.
D.Itmaylead10disharmonyinfamilyrelations.
11.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?
A.SmokingisillegalanywhereinThailand.
B.Smokersarelesslikely10developcancerthannon-smokers.
C.PeoplewhosmokeathomeinThailandwillbesenttoprison.
D.Thailandiscommittedtocreatingasmoke-freeenvironment.
2.(2020届福建省泉州市高三第一次质检)
Almosteverycommunityhassomeformofrulesandsomewayofenforcingthem.Sowhydowehaverules,andwhatmakespeoplefollowthem?
Studieshavesuggestedthatthereasonwedon'tlikerule-breakingisbecausefairnessisprogrammedintoourbrains.Scientistshavefoundthatthebrainreactsinaparticularwaywhenwefeelwearebeingtreatedunfairly.Afairsituationmakesusfeelcomfortableandevenhappy,butunfairnesscausesourbrainstorespondwithnegativefeelings.Thestudyfoundthatthisasohappenedwhensubjectssawothersbeingtreatedunfairly.Theyconcludedthatfairnessisoneofbasichumanneeds.
Arrivingatafeelingoffairnessmeansconsideringdifferent,oftenconflicting,pointsofview.Regardlessofthedisagreement,peoplealmostalwaysneedtocompromise.Butitcanbedifficulttoarriveatacompromisewhenthereareconflictinginterests.Thisiswhycommunitieshaverulesthateveryonemustfollow.
Socialcontrolsareanimportantfactorinsettingandfollowingrules.Theyinfluencethewaywebehave,andcanbeinternal(内在的)orexternal.Internalcontrolscomefromwithinandarebasedonourvaluesandfears.Mostofusdon'tsteal,forexample,becausewebelievethattheftisunfairandwrong.Wealsodon'twanttodisappointourfamilyandfriends.Inotherwords,ourinternalcontrolskeepusfrombehavinginwaysthatcauseconflict.
Externalcontrolsincluderewardsandpunishments.Rewards,suchasjobpromotionsandpraise,aredesignedtoencouragepeopletobehaveandactintheinterestofthewholecommunity.
Punishments,suchaspublicembarrassment,fines,andevenimprisonmentcanpreventpeoplefromactingagainstthecommunity'sbestinterests.
Peopleneedtheircommunitiestofunctionsmoothly.Iftherewerenorules,mostpeoplewouldprobablystillbehavepositively.However,therewouldalwaysbeaminoritywhowouldnot.Thisiswhyasocietywithoutrulesisunlikelytoexist.
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''this''inparagraph2referto?
A.Aprograminhumanbrains.
B.Acomfortablesituation.
C.Theresponsewithbadfeelings.
D.Therequirementofffairness.
13.Whydocommunitieshaverules?
A.Topunishillegalactivities.B.Topreventdisagreement.
C.Topromotefairness.D.Tomeetvariousdemands.
14.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofinternalcontrol?
A.Takeexamshonestlybecausecheatingisshameful
B.Parkintherightplacesoasnottogetaparkingticket.
C.Paytheelectricitybillontimeinordernottogetalatefee.
D.Cooperatewithyourclassmatestowinaprizeforyourclass.
15.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.LivingbytherulesB.Whycommunitiesneedrules
C.ReachingacompromiseD.Howfairnessfunctions
3.(2020届广东广雅中学高三适应性考试)
Ingeneral,theancientRomanswereapracticalpeople.TheycaredlessaboutphilosophyandpuremathematicsthandidtheGreeks.TheRomanswerethebestoftheancientengineersandarchitects.TheywerebrilliantstudentsofGreekgeometryandtrigonometry,andtheyappliedtheirknowledgetotheconstructionoffinebridges,roads,andpublicbuildings.
Theyknewaboutthesmeltingofironore,buttheyusedtheirontheyproducedmainlyforspears,swords,andshields,ratherthanforbuildingconstruction.
WhiletheRomansaccomplishedpracticalwonders,theydidverylittletheoreticalscientificthinking.Becauseoftheirfrequentwars,manyoftheirinventionswerenomorethanimprovementsinthedesignofGreekweaponswithwhichtheywerefamiliar.
TherearetworeasonsfortheRomanneglectofphilosophyandpuremathematics.First,theywereapparentlytoobusyconqueringnearbynationsandformingthemintoarapidlygrowingempiretowastemuchtimeonabstractthinking.Secondly,theywerehandicappedbytherigidityoftheirnumericalsystem.(TrytomultiplyXIbyLVIIortodivideCXLIIIbyIX;itsimplycannotbedonewithpencilandpaper.)TheRomansdidalloftheirarithmeticonanabacus,theancientcounterpartofthemodemcomputingmachine.Theirnumbersystemdiscouragedthestudyofpuremathematics.
8.TheauthorcallstheRomans“practical"becausethey________.
A.theydidn'tcareaboutphilosophy
B.theyjustlearnedfromGreekgeometry
C.theyappliedwhattheylearnedtoconstruction
D.theythoughtlittleoftheoreticalscientificthinking
9.Accordingtothepassage,theRomansexcelledin________.
A.smeltingironoreB.engineeringandarchitecture
C.improvingGreekweaponsD.producingspears,swords,andshields
10.Theunderlinedword“counterpart"inthelastparagraphmeans________.
A.equivalentB.calculator
C.appearanceD.partner
11.Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.
A.whyRomansignoredmathematics
B.Romans'discouragingnumbersystem
C.howRomansaccomplishedpracticalwonders
D.Romanswhoneglectedtheoreticalthought
4.(2020届广东广雅中学高三适应性考试)
Youknowyouhavetoread"betweenthelines"togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttopersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyimportantinthecourseofyourreading.Iwanttopersuadeyouto“writebetweenthelines."Unlessyoudo,youarenotlikelytodothemostefficientkindofreading.
Iinsist,quitebluntly,thatmarkingupabookisnotanactofdamagebutoflove.
Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstisthepropertyrightyouestablishbypayingforit,justasyoupayforclothesandfurniture.Butthisactofpurchaseisonlythefirststeptopossession.Fullownershipcomesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourselfandthebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.Iamarguingthatbooksmustbeabsorbedinyourbloodstreamtodoyouanygood.
Whyismarkingupabooknecessarytoreading?
First,itkeepsyouawake.(AndIdon'tmeanonlyconscious;Imeanwideawake.)Inthesecondplace,reading,ifitisactive,isthinkingandthinkingtendstoexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.Themarkedbookisusuallythethought-throughbook.Finally,writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtstheauthorexpressed.
But,youmayask,whyiswritingnecessary?
Well,thephysicalactofwriting,withyourownhand,bringswordsandsentencesmoresharplybeforeyourmindandpreservesthembetterinyourmemory.Tosetdownyourreactiontoimportantwordsandsentencesyouhaveread,andthequestionstheyhaveraisedinyourmind,istopreservethosereactionsandsharpenthosequestions.
Ifreadingistoaccomplishanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Youcan'tletyoureyesglideacrossthelinesinabookandcomeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.Thebooksyoureadforpleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Anordinarypieceoflightfiction,like"GonewiththeWind,"doesn'trequirethemostactivekindofreading,andyoudon'tabsorbtheideasofJohnDeweythewayyouabsorbthestoryofDavidCopperfield.
Youmayalsos