英语中考考点专题大全以及相关练习概要Word格式.docx
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(3)一般现在时的句子中,如果谓语动词为动词原形时,作主语的名词用复数形式;
如果谓语动词有后缀-s或-es,作主语的名词用单数形式。
Theleavesonthetreeturnyellow.树上的叶子在秋季变黄了
Hisbrotherusuallygetsupat7:
00inthemorning.他哥哥通常早晨7点钟起床。
特别提示:
及物动词后面的名词作宾语,宾语的单复数形式与谓语动词和主语之间没有“单复一致”的关系。
如:
Jimlikesapplesverymuch.DidhetakephotosontheGreatWall?
请把下列单数句变成复数句。
1.Issheagirl?
___________________2.Wherewashe?
_________________
3.Isthatyourcomputer?
_____________4.Iamaboystudents._________________
考点二名词的复数形式
1.规则变化
构成方法
例词
在词尾加-s
girl-girls pen-pens
以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es
bus-buses box-boxes
watch-watches dish-dishes
以f或fe结尾的名词,变f,fe为v,再加-es
wife-wives half-halves
shelf-shelves thief-thieves
树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄,
妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮,
架后(shelf)串出一只狼(wolf),
就像盗贼(thief)逃(life)命亡
某些以f结尾的词,直接加-s
roof-roofs(屋顶)
belief-beliefs(信念)
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es
city-cities country-countries
family-families party-parties
以元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接加-s
boy-boys
day-days
续表
例 词
以o结尾的四个词(两菜、两人)加-es,其余的都加-s
potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes
hero-heroes Negro-Negroes
英雄去吃西红柿拌土豆,有意思(es)!
zoo-zoos photo-photos
2,不规则变化
形式不变
(单复数同形)
sheep-sheep deer-deer
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
变内部元音字母
foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geeseman-men mouse-mice
词尾加-en/-ren
child-children ox-oxen
3,表示“某国人”的名词,变复数时有规律
(1)以-ese或-ss结尾的表示“某国人”的名词,单复数形式相同。
aChinese--twoChinese;
aJapanese--threeJapanese;
aSwiss--fourSwiss
(2)变-man为-men。
aEnglishman--twoEnglishmen;
aFrenchman--threeFrenchmen
注意:
German“德国人”的复数形式是直接加-s。
aGerman--twoGermans
(3)直接加-s。
American--Americans美国人Australian--Australians澳大利亚人
European--Europeans欧洲人Greek--Greeks希腊人Arab--Arabs阿拉伯人Hungarian--Hungarians匈牙利人
3.复合名词的复数形式有两种
(1)将主体词变为复数,如:
sisterinlaw→sistersinlaw(嫂子)boyclassmate→boyclassmates
(2)将复合词中两个词都变为复数,此种复合词中第一个词须是man或woman,如:
manworker→menworkerswomanteacher→womenteachers
4.特殊情况
(1)有些名词只有复数形式,如:
clothes,shorts,pants,scissors(剪刀),goods,glasses(眼镜)
(2)有些名词以s结尾,但不是复数形式,如:
news,maths,physics,politics
(3)有些物质名词或抽象名词的单、复数形式表示不同的含义,如:
room(空间)—aroom(房间)work(工作)—works(著作)
(4)不可数名词的数量表达
①不可数名词本身不可数,但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量,如:
apieceofbread/news/paper一片面包/一则新闻/一张纸
②还可用much,little,alittle,alargeamountof,some,any,no,lotsof,plentyof等来修饰不可数名词,如:
muchmoney,somemilk
(5)数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词,中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式,如:
Heisafouryearoldboy.他是个4岁的男孩。
(fouryearold不能说成fouryearsold)
afivefootdeephole一个五英尺深的洞
即学即练:
用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1.Manynew________(potato)willgrowfromonepotatoplantedintheground.
2.My_____(key)arenotinmybag.Canyouhelpmelookforthem?
3.Couldyoupassthe_____(knife)tome?
Weneedthemtomakepumpkinlanterns.
4.Iboughtthis___(book)onmywaytoschoolyesterday.
5.Canyoutellmethatfunny___(story)?
6.Look!
Two___(Frenchman)arehavingdinnerattherestaurant.
7.______(American)speakEnglish.Youcanlearnfromthem.
8.Recentlymany____(Japanese)cametoChinatolearnChinese.
9.Doyouknowthese____(Englishwoman)?
Theywillworkatourschool.
10.Weareallproudthatweareall___(Chinese).
11.The_____(8岁的)boyinthepictureismylittlebrother.
12.Therearetwo_____(苹果树)inourgarden.
13.The_____(女医生)isGina’smother.Sheisverypatient.
14.Inourclassthereareforty____.(男生)
15.Inthefactory,_____(男工人)dotheheavywork.
改错:
1.Theycametoaplacewheretwopathesmeet.2.Wouldyouliketoseemyholidayphotoes?
3.Mrs.Greenhastwoboiesandgirls.4.Threethiefsbrokeintothehouseandstolemanythings.
5.Howmanytimesdoyoubrushyourtoothseveryday?
6.ThethreespacemansofShenzhouVIISpaceshipwerewarmlywelcomedinHongKong.
7.ThechildswerereadingEnglishinthecorner.8.Themanlooksafterabouteightysheeps.
考点三名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系,即表示某物是“谁的”。
名词所有格的方式可以概括为以下三种:
’s形式的所有格,of短语构成的所有格和双重所有格,如下表:
类型
有生命的人或物
单数名词的所有格在名词的末尾加“’s”
Tom’sbook;
teacher’sdesk
复数名词的所有格直接在-s后加所有格符号“’”;
个别不以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“’s”
students’books;
Children’sDay
表示两者所共有的人或物时,只需在后面那个名词的词尾加“’s”;
若表示两者各自所有,则应在每个名词后加“’s”
LucyandLily’sroom;
Lucy’sandLiMing’sfathers
无生命的人或物
表示时间,国家,距离,世界等的名词后一般加“’s”,复数名词在-s后加所有格符号“’”
Today’snewspaper;
China’spopulation;
Threeminutes’walk
其他的用of结构
Thewindowsoftheroom;
amapofChina
双重所有格
表示部分
afriendofmother’s
1.Thisis____room.It’sverybright.
A.Tom’sandTim’sB.Tom’sandTimC.TomandTim’s
2.--____fathersdidn’tcometothemeeting.Why?
–BecausetheyhavegonetoBeijing.
A.Jeff’sandAmy’sB.JeffandAmyC.Jeff’sandAmyD.JeffandAmy’s
3.MissBlackisafriendof____.Shealwayslooksaftermysister.
A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smother’C.Marymother’s
4.–Istheschoolbagunderthedeskyours?
–No,it’smy___.Heleftittherejustnow.
A.brotherB.brother’sC.brothers’
5.–Whenis____Day?
–It’sonJune1st,Dave.
A.ChildB.ChildrenC.Child’sD.Children’s
6.Theonlineshopsells___clothingataverygoodprice.
A.childandman’sB.childrenandmen’sC.children’sandmenD.children’sandmen’s
7.–Excuseme,isthemuseumfarfromhere?
–No,it’sabout____.
A.5minuteswalkB.5minutewalkC.5minutes’walkD.5minute’swalk
考点四名词的句法功能
名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语、表语、状语、定语等。
名词作定语,一般用单数形式。
girlstudents(女学生)paperflowers(纸花)
名词作定语时,个别情况用复数形式。
sportsmeeting(运动会)
专题练习
单项选择
1.Maryenjoyssingingverymuch.It’soneofher____.
A.prizeB.prizesC.hobbyD.hobbies
2.IhavesomeproblemswithmyEnglish.Canyougivemesome____?
A.adviceB.decisionsC.informationD.messages
3.Tom’swatchisthesameashis____.
A.brotherB.brothersC.brother’sD.abrother
4.Mysisterlikes____bestofallthevegetables.
A.potatoesB.eggsC.orangesD.cakes
5.–CanIhelpyou,sir?
–I’dliketohave100___.Iwantmystudentstodrawpictures.
A.pieceofpaperB.piecesofpaperC.pieceofpapersD.piecesofpapers
6.–Whatcanyouseeinthepictureonthewall?
–Icanseenine____.
A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse
7.Yesterdaysix____werehurt,butno___werelostinthetrafficaccident.
A.person;
lifeB.peoples;
livesC.people;
livesD.persons;
life
8.Ourteachersaystwo___andthree___aregoingtovisitourschoolnextweek.
A.German;
JapaneseB.Germany;
JapanC.Germanys;
JapansD.Germans;
Japanese
9.Afterrunningformorethanhalfanhour,thestudentstook____rest.
A.afewminute’sB.afewminutes’C.alittleminute’sD.alittleminutes’
10.___mothercouldn’tgotothemeeting,becauseshehasgonetoShanghai.
A.Lily’sandLucyB.Lily’sandLucy’sC.LilyandLucyD.LilyandLucy’s
11.Mr.Greenisafriendof____.
A.John’suncleB.Johnuncle’sC.John’suncles’D.Johnuncle
12.–IalwaysforgetwhatIwanttobuywhenIgotothemarket.
–Well,youcanmakea___ofthingsyouwanttobuy.
A.habitB.listC.packD.wish
13.Inourschooltherearefifty-five____andforty-ninementeachers.
A.womenteachersB.womanteachersC.womenteacherD.woman’steacher
14.FormyhomeworkIhavetowritea(an)____aboutthewondersoftheworld.
A.musicB.pictureC.compositionD.exam
15.Hehaspoor____,sohecan’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearly.
A.smellB.tasteC.hearingD.eyesight
用括号内所给的名词的适当形式填空
1.Mygrandfatherkeepstwo_____(pig)andthree_____(deer).
2.Theboydoesn’tlikedrinkingany___(milk).
3.Couldyoubuymesome____(strawberry),Mom?
4.The____(radio)intheshoparecheap.Youcanbuyone.
5.Agroupof____(Frenchman)aretalkingwithtwo___(Chinese).
Her____(family)arehavingabigdinnerintherestaurant.
7.Thisnewscarfis____(Mary).SheboughtitlastSunday.
8.Today,wehavemanyother___(way)topaybesidescoinsorpapermoney.
9.Three___(month)istoolongtome.Ican’twait.
10.–CanIhelpyou,youngman?
–Iwanttobuytwobottleof___(orange).
根据括号内所给的汉语,完成英语句子
1._______________(露西和丽丽的课桌)arenew.
2.It’sabout__________(十分钟的步行)frommyhometothepark.
3.–CanIhelpyou,sir?
–Yes,please.Wewant____________(两杯茶).
4.________(在诊所),thedoctorlookedhimoverandgavesomemedicinetohim.
5.Thenumberofthe________(男教师)istwenty-six.
6.I’veread____________(一些好消息)fromtoday’snewspaper.
7._________(大多数土豆)inthebagarebad.Youmustthrowthemaway.
8.Ihavemade__________(几个新朋友)inthisnewschool.Theyarefriendly.
9.YesterdayMr.Brownbought_______(三箱苹果)fortheold(people).
10.Thereare____________(很多苹果树)onthebothsidesofthestreet.
第二专题 冠词
命题趋势:
冠词仍将是中考的重要考点之一。
中考对冠词的考查为两空的混合考查为主,预计2016年中考对冠词的考查仍将以两空混合考查为主。
另外,冠词与名词也常常会结合在一起考
考点一冠词
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1.特指双方都明白的人或物。
Takethemedicine.把药吃了。
2.上文提到过的人或物。
Heboughtahouse.I'
vebeentothehouse.
他买了幢房子。
我去过那幢房子。
3.指世上独一无二的事物,如:
thesun;
或用于对两个人或事物比较时起特指作用的比较级前。
Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.两个男孩中他较高点。
4.与