高考英语阅读理解考前冲刺训练2.docx

高考英语阅读理解考前冲刺训练2.docx

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高考英语阅读理解考前冲刺训练2

高考英语阅读理解考前冲刺训练2（十二）

Longafterthe1998WorldCupwaswon,disappointedfanswerestillblamingtherefereeing（裁判）decisionsthatdeniedvictorytotheirteam.Aresearcherwasorderedtostudytheperformanceofsometopreferees.

Theresearcherorganizedanexperimentaltournament（锦标赛）involvingfouryouthteams.Eachmatchlastedanhour,dividedintothreeperiodsof20minutesduringwhichdifferentrefereeswereincharge.

Observersnoteddownthereferees’mistakes,ofwhichtherewere61overthetournament.Changedintoastandardmatchof90minutes,eachrefereemadealmost23mistakes,aremarkablyhighnumber.

Theresearcherthenstudiedthevideotapestoanalyzethematchesindetail.Surprisingly,hefoundthatmistakesweremorelikelywhentherefereeswereclosetotheincident.Whentheofficialsgotitright,theywere,onaverage,17metersawayfromtheaction.Theaveragedistanceinthecaseofmistakeswas12meters.Theresearchshowstheoptimum（最佳的）distanceisabout29meters.

Therealsoseemedtobeanoptimumspeed.Correctdecisionscamewhentherefereesweremovingataspeedofabout2meterspersecond.Theaveragespeedformistakeswas4meterspersecond.

IfFIFA,football’sinternationalrulingbody,wantstoimprovethestandardofrefereeingatthenextWorldCup,itshouldencouragerefereestokeeptheireyesontheactionfromadistance,ratherthanrushingtokeepupwiththeball,theresearcherargues.

HealsosaysthatFIFA’sinsistencethatrefereesshouldretireattheageof45maybemisguided.Ifkeepingupwiththeactionsisnotsoimportant,theirphysicalconditionislessimportant.

1.Theexperimentwasmeantto_____.

A.reviewtherefereeingdecisionsatthe1998WorldCup

B.findthecausesofmistakesmadebyfootballreferees

C.relievethedisappointedfans’anger

D.helptheplayerstowintheWorldCup

2.Thenumberofrefereeingmistakesintheexperimentalmatcheswas_____.

A.aboveaverageB.belowaverage

C.quiteunexpectedD.quitenormal

3.Thefindingsoftheexperimentshowthat_____.

A.mistakesarelesslikelywhenarefereestaysinoneplace

B.thefarthertherefereeisfromtheincident,thefewerthemistakes

C.themoreslowlytherefereeruns,themorelikelymistakeswilloccur

D.mistakesaremorelikelywhenarefereekeepsclosetotheball

4.ItissuggestedinthetextthatFIFAshould_____.

A.punishtherefereeswhomadeseriousmistakes

B.reviseitsrulesforbeingfootballreferees

C.usemorerefereesinafootballmatch

D.changethewinnerofthe1998WorldCup

（十三）

TheAtlanticOceanisoneoftheoceansthatseparatetheOldWorldfromtheNew.ForcenturiesitkepttheAmericansfrombeingdiscoveredbythepeopleofEurope.

ManywrongideasabouttheAtlanticmadeearlysailorsunwillingtosailfaroutintoit.Oneideawasthatitreachedoutto“theedgeoftheworld.”Sailorswereafraidthattheymightsailrightofftheearth.Anotherideawasthatattheequator（赤道）theoceanwouldbeboilinghot.

TheAtlanticOceanisonlyhalfasbigasthePacific,butitisstillverylarge.Itismorethan4,000miles（6,000km）widewhereColumbuscrossedit.Evenatitsnarrowestitisabout2,000miles（3,200km）wide.

TwothingsmaketheAtlanticOceanratherunusual.Forsolargeanoceanithasveryfewislands.Also,itistheworld’ssaltiestocean.

ThereissomuchwaterintheAtlanticthatitishardtoimaginehowmuchthereis.Butsupposenomorerainfellintoitandnomorewaterwasbroughttoitbyrivers.Itwouldtaketheoceanabout4,000yearstodryup.Ontheaveragethewaterisalittlemorethantwomiles（3.2km）deep,butinplacesitismuchdeeper.ThedeepestspotisnearPuertoRico.This“deep”measures30,246feet-almostsixmiles（9.6km）.

OneofthelongestmountainrangesoftheworldrisesfromtheflooroftheAtlantic.Thismountainrangerunsnorthandsouthdownthemiddleoftheocean.Thetopsofafewofthemountainsreachupabovetheseaandmakeislands.

SeveralhundredmileseastwardfromFloridathereisapartoftheoceancalledtheSargassoSea.Herethewaterisquiet,forthereislittlewind.Inthedaysofsailingvessels（船）thecrewwereafraidtheywouldbebecalmed（停滞不前）here.Sometimestheywere.

TodaytheAtlanticisagreathighway.Itisnot,however,alwaysasmoothandsafeone.Stormssweepacrossitandpileupgreatwaves.IcebergsfloatdownfromtheFarNorthacrossthepathsofships.

Wenowhavesuchfastwaysoftravelingthatthisbigoceanseemstohavegrownsmaller.Columbussailedformorethantwomonthstocrossit.Afastmodernsteamshipcanmakethetripinlessthanfourdays.AirplanesflyfromNewYorktoLondoninonlyeighthoursandfromSouthAmericatoAfricainfour!

1.WhichworldistheOldWorld?

A.AfricaB.EuropeC.AsiaD