Get格雅美国经典演讲麦克阿瑟《老兵不死》英文原版及翻译Word格式文档下载.docx

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hopesandaspirationsandfaithoftheentirehumanrace.Idonotstandhereas

advocateforanypartisancause,fortheissuesarefundamentalandreachquite

beyondtherealmofpartisanconsideration.Theymustberesolvedonthehighest

planeofnationalinterestifourcourseistoprovesoundandourfuture

protected.Itrust,therefore,thatyouwilldomethejusticeofreceivingthat

whichIhavetosayassolelyexpressingtheconsideredviewpointofafellow

American.　　Iaddressyouwithneitherrancornorbitternessinthefading

twilightoflife,withbutonepurposeinmind:

toservemycountry.Theissues

areglobalandsointerlockedthattoconsidertheproblemsofonesector,

oblivioustothoseofanother,isbuttocourtdisasterforthewhole.While

AsiaiscommonlyreferredtoastheGatewaytoEurope,itisnolesstruethat

EuropeistheGatewaytoAsia,andthebroadinfluenceoftheonecannotfailto

haveitsimpactupontheother.Therearethosewhoclaimourstrengthis

inadequatetoprotectonbothfronts,thatwecannotdivideoureffort.Ican

thinkofnogreaterexpressionofdefeatism.Ifapotentialenemycandividehis

strengthontwofronts,itisforustocounterhiseffort.TheCommunistthreat

isaglobalone.Itssuccessfuladvanceinonesectorthreatensthedestruction

ofeveryothersector.Youcannotappeaseorotherwisesurrendertocommunism

inAsiawithoutsimultaneouslyunderminingoureffortstohaltitsadvancein

Europe.　　Beyondpointingoutthesegeneraltruisms,Ishallconfinemy

discussiontothegeneralareasofAsia.Beforeonemayobjectivelyassessthe

situationnowexistingthere,hemustcomprehendsomethingofAsia'

spastand

therevolutionarychangeswhichhavemarkedhercourseuptothepresent.Long

exploitedbytheso-calledcolonialpowers,withlittleopportunitytoachieve

anydegreeofsocialjustice,individualdignity,orahigherstandardoflife

suchasguidedourownnobleadministrationinthePhilippines,thepeoplesof

Asiafoundtheiropportunityinthewarjustpasttothrowofftheshacklesof

colonialismandnowseethedawnofnewopportunity,aheretoforeunfelt

dignity,andtheself-respectofpoliticalfreedom.　　Musteringhalfofthe

earth'

spopulation,and60percentofitsnaturalresourcesthesepeoplesare

rapidlyconsolidatinganewforce,bothmoralandmaterial,withwhichtoraise

thelivingstandardanderectadaptationsofthedesignofmodernprogressto

theirowndistinctculturalenvironments.Whetheroneadherestotheconceptof

colonizationornot,thisisthedirectionofAsianprogressanditmaynotbe

stopped.Itisacorollarytotheshiftoftheworldeconomicfrontiersasthe

wholeepicenterofworldaffairsrotatesbacktowardtheareawhenceitstarted.

　　Inthissituation,itbecomesvitalthatourowncountryorientitspolicies

inconsonancewiththisbasicevolutionaryconditionratherthanpursueacourse

blindtotherealitythatthecolonialeraisnowpastandtheAsianpeoples

covettherighttoshapetheirownfreedestiny.Whattheyseeknowisfriendly

guidance,understanding,andsupport--notimperiousdirection--thedignity

ofequalityandnottheshameofsubjugation.Theirpre-warstandardoflife,

pitifullylow,isinfinitelylowernowinthedevastationleftinwar'

swake.

WorldideologiesplaylittlepartinAsianthinkingandarelittleunderstood.

Whatthepeoplesstriveforistheopportunityforalittlemorefoodintheir

stomachs,alittlebetterclothingontheirbacks,alittlefirmerroofover

theirheads,andtherealizationofthenormalnationalisturgeforpolitical

freedom.Thesepolitical-socialconditionshavebutanindirectbearinguponour

ownnationalsecurity,butdoformabackdroptocontemporaryplanningwhich

mustbethoughtfullyconsideredifwearetoavoidthepitfallsofunrealism.

　　Ofmoredirectandimmediatelybearinguponournationalsecurityarethe

changeswroughtinthestrategicpotentialofthePacificOceaninthecourseof

thepastwar.PriortheretothewesternstrategicfrontieroftheUnitedStates

layontheliterallineoftheAmericas,withanexposedislandsalient

extendingoutthroughHawaii,Midway,andGuamtothePhilippines.Thatsalient

provednotanoutpostofstrengthbutanavenueofweaknessalongwhichthe

enemycouldanddidattack.　　ThePacificwasapotentialareaofadvancefor

anypredatoryforceintentuponstrikingattheborderinglandareas.Allthis

waschangedbyourPacificvictory.Ourstrategicfrontierthenshiftedto

embracetheentirePacificOcean,whichbecameavastmoattoprotectusaslong

asweheldit.Indeed,itactsasaprotectiveshieldforalloftheAmericas

andallfreelandsofthePacificOceanarea.Wecontrolittotheshoresof

AsiabyachainofislandsextendinginanarcfromtheAleutianstothe

Mariannasheldbyusandourfreeallies.Fromthisislandchainwecandominate

withseaandairpowereveryAsiaticportfromVladivostoktoSingapore--with

seaandairpowereveryport,asIsaid,fromVladivostoktoSingapore--and

preventanyhostilemovementintothePacific.　　AnypredatoryattackfromAsia

mustbeanamphibiouseffort.*Noamphibiousforcecanbesuccessfulwithout

controlofthesealanesandtheairoverthoselanesinitsavenueofadvance.

Withnavalandairsupremacyandmodestgroundelementstodefendbases,any

majorattackfromcontinentalAsiatowardusorourfriendsinthePacificwould

bedoomedtofailure.　　Undersuchconditions,thePacificnolongerrepresents

menacingavenuesofapproachforaprospectiveinvader.Itassumes,instead,the

friendlyaspectofapeacefullake.Ourlineofdefenseisanaturaloneandcan

bemaintainedwithaminimumofmilitaryeffortandexpense.Itenvisionsno

attackagainstanyone,nordoesitprovidethebastionsessentialforoffensive

operations,butproperlymaintained,wouldbeaninvincibledefenseagainst

aggression.TheholdingofthisliteraldefenselineinthewesternPacificis

entirelydependentuponholdingallsegmentsthereof;

foranymajorbreachof

thatlinebyanunfriendlypowerwouldrendervulnerabletodeterminedattack

everyothermajorsegment.　　ThisisamilitaryestimateastowhichIhaveyet

tofindamilitaryleaderwhowilltakeexception.Forthatreason,Ihave

stronglyrecommendedinthepast,asamatterofmilitaryurgency,thatunderno

circumstancesmustFormosafallunderCommunistcontrol.Suchaneventuality

wouldatoncethreatenthefreedomofthePhilippinesandthelossofJapanand

mightwellforceourwesternfrontierbacktothecoastofCalifornia,Oregon

andWashington.　　TounderstandthechangeswhichnowappearupontheChinese

mainland,onemustunderstandthechangesinChinesecharacterandcultureover

thepast50years.China,upto50yearsago,wascompletelynon-homogenous,

beingcompartmentedintogroupsdividedagainsteachother.Thewar-making

tendencywasalmostnon-existent,astheystillfollowedthetenetsofthe

Confucianidealofpacifistculture.Attheturnofthecentury,underthe

regimeofChangTsoLin,effortstowardgreaterhomogeneityproducedthestart

ofanationalisturge.Thiswasfurtherandmoresuccessfullydevelopedunder

theleadershipofChiangKai-Shek,buthasbeenbroughttoitsgreatestfruition

underthepresentregimetothepointthatithasnowtakenonthecharacterof

aunitednationalismofincreasinglydominant,aggressivetendencies.　　Through

thesepast50yearstheChinesepeoplehavethusbecomemilitarizedintheir

conceptsandintheirideals.Theynowconstituteexcellentsoldiers,with

competentstaffsandcommanders.Thishasproducedanewanddominantpowerin

Asia,which,foritsownpurposes,isalliedwithSovietRussiabutwhichinits

ownconceptsandmethodshasbecomeaggressivelyimperialistic,withalustfor

expansionandincreasedpowernormaltothistypeofimperialism.　　Thereis

littleoftheideologicalconcepteitheronewayoranotherintheChinese

make-up.Thestandardoflivingissolowandthecapitalaccumulationhasbeen

sothoroughlydissipatedbywarthatthemassesaredesperateandeagerto

followanyleadershipwhichseemstopromisethealleviationoflocal

stringencies.　　IhavefromthebeginningbelievedthattheChineseCommunists'

supportoftheNorthKoreanswasthedominantone.Theirinterestsare,at

present,parallelwiththoseoftheSoviet.ButIbelievethatthe

aggressivenessrecentlydisplayednotonlyinKoreabutalsoinIndo-Chinaand

TibetandpointingpotentiallytowardtheSouthreflectspredominantlythesame

lustfortheexpansionofpowerwhichhasanimatedeverywould-beconqueror

sincethebeginningoftime.　　TheJapanesepeople,sincethewar,have

undergonethegreatestreformationrecordedinmodernhistory.Witha

commendablewill,eagernesstolearn,andmarkedcapacitytounderstand,they

have,fromtheashesleftinwar'

swake,erectedinJapananedificededicated

tothesupremacyofindividuallibertyandpersonaldignity;

andintheensuing

processtherehasbeencreatedatrulyrepresentativegovernmentcommitted