小升初小学英语语法复习要点归纳Word文档格式.docx
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forFe"
attheend,forFeV,and-es,suchas:
knife-knives5.irregularpluralnouns:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.Tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
Two,thepresenttense
1.,thepresenttenseexpresseshabitualorhabitualaction,andalsoindicatesthepresentstateorsubject'
scharacterandability.
2.,inthepresenttense,thereisnobeverbandmodalverb,andthesubjectistheaffirmativesentenceofthethirdpersonsingular.Theverbshouldbesinaccordancewiththerule,andthesubjectistheaffirmativesentenceofthethirdpersonsingular,andtheverbisintheprototype.
3.inthepresenttense,whenthereisabeverboramodalverbinthesentence,thenegativesentenceisaddedtothebeverbandthemodalverb,andthegeneralinterrogativesentenceputsthebeverborthemodalverbatthebeginningofthesentenceinthenot.
4.inthesimplepresenttensesentencewithoutbeverbormodalverb,subjecttothethirdpersonsingularinnegativesentenceverbdoes+not（doesn'
t）,thegeneralinterrogativesentenceindoessentenceintheverbform;
subjectisthethirdpersonsingular,negativesentenceswithdo+not（don'
t）thegeneralinterrogativesentence,indo,usetheverbinthesentence.Verb+srulesofchange
cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.endswithS.,X.,sh.,ch.,O,-es,wash-washes,watch-watches,guess-guesses,go-goes
study-studies"
Three,thepresentcontinuoustense
1.thepresentprogressiveindicatestheactionthatistakingplaceoroccurring,andmayindicatetheactivityortheactionbeingperformedinthecurrentperiodoftime.
2.theaffirmativesentenceofthepresentprogressivetenseisthebe+verbing.
3.negativesentencesinthepresentcontinuoustense,plusnotafterbe.
4.,thepresentcontinuoustenseofgeneralquestions,thebeverbtothefirstsentence.
Theverbplusingruleofchange
1.,ingeneral,addingdirectly,suchas:
cook-cooking
2.endwithasilente,gotoEplusing,suchas:
make-making,taste-tasting
3.iftheendisavowelletterandaconsonantletter,writetheconsonantlettersattheend,plusing,suchas:
run-running,stop-stopping
Four,be,going,to
1.begoingtoindicateswhatwillhappen,orintend,plan,ordecidewhattodo.
2.affirmativesentence:
be,going,to+verbprototype,
如：
吉姆去踢足球。
否定句：
不会+动词原形，如：
吉姆不去踢足球。
一般疑问句：
把是动词调到句首，如：
吉姆会踢足球吗？
特殊疑问句：
疑问词+是+主语+将+动词原形？
什么是吉姆怎么办？
疑问词当主语时：
疑问词+是+将+动词原形？
谁去踢足球吗？
五、一般过去时
1。
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2是动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴是和是在一般过去时中变为是。
（不，不）
⑵是在一般过去时中变为是。
（不=不
⑶带有是或是的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和是，是，是一样，即否定句在是或是后加不，一般疑问句把是或是调到句首。
3。
句中没有是动词的一般过去时的句子
不+动词原形，如：
吉姆昨天没有回家。
在句首加一样，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
吉姆昨天回家了吗？
⑴疑问词+做+主语+动词原形？
吉姆昨天干了什么？
⑵疑问词当主语时：
疑问词+动词过去式？
谁回家了吗？
动词过去式变化规则：
一般在动词末尾加ed，如：
退出，煮熟
2。
结尾是E加D，如：
品尝味道
末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ed，如：
停止
4。
以”辅音字母+Y”结尾的，变Y为我，再加ed，如：
研究
5。
不规则动词过去式：
是，是，是，做，看，说，给，拿了，去了，来的，有吃的，拿了，跑跑步，唱唱歌，放放，使读写，读，写，画，喝喝了，苍蝇飞，骑骑，说说话，扫一扫，游游泳，坐那儿
六年级英语语法知识汇总
一、词类：
动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：
先用”一（量词）”（如：
一个、一张等）和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词；
说不通再用”很”去判断，就是把”很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；
都说不通就是动词（目前我们学过的，
Later,itmaybedifferent）（othersareobvious,suchaspersonalpronouns,numerals,modalverbs,etc.）
1verb
Theverbshererefertoallkindsofverbs,includingthebehavioralverbs（theverbsweusuallyspeak）,thebeverbs,andthemodalverbs.
（1）actionverbs
Istheverbweusuallyspeakinclass,indicatinganactionoraction.Suchas:
sweep,liveandsoon.
Wehavelearnedthefourformsofactionverbs:
Theprototype,+s/es,+ed,+ing,thespecificmethodsofjudgmentareasfollows:
plusing
Readthesentence.Readtheword.Recognizetheword.Understandthemeaning.Seeifthereareanybeverbs（ifbe,going,to,usetheprototype）
Nogeneral,lookatthemodalverb
withtheprototype.
plused
Nolongerseethereisnogeneral,saidthepasttimeisthethirdpersonsingularandsorES
Nogeneral,lookatthesubject
Generalisthethirdpersonsingularuse.
（2）beverb
A,Am--was,Is,-was,Are--were
Formula:
Iuseam,youuseare,isusedinher,allthecomplexwithare.
B,affirmativeandnegativesentences,I,am（not）,from,London.
Heis（not）ateacher.
She,is（not）,in,the,dining,room.
My,hair,is（not）,long.,Her,eyes,are（not）small.
C,generalquestions,Am,I,a,Chinese,Yes,you,are.,No,you,aren'
t.
Are,they,American,Yes,they,are.,No,they,aren'
t.,Is,the,cat,fat,Yes,it,is.,No,it,isn'
Thebeverbswelearnnowarebroadlydividedintotwocategories:
is,am,andare,whicharegenerallyusedinthepresenttense,thepresentprogressivetense,andthefuturefuture.Wasandwerearetheother.Theyaregenerallyusedinthesimplepasttense.
Judgesteps:
thefirst,thirdpersonsingular,withwas
lookattheperson
Thesecondpersonsingularandpluralgeneralall,withwere
Seeifthereisatimeadverbialforthepast
Firstpersonsingular,witham
Nogeneral,lookatperson,thethirdpersonsingular,thereisis
Thesecondpersonsingularandpluralgeneralall,withare
（3）modalverbs
Modalverbsarealsoaspecialkindofverbs,andwedonotcallthemverbsatordinarytimes.Amodalverbcanappearinthesamesentenceasaverbatthesametime.
Themodalswehavelearnedare:
can,must,should,would,may.Themostexposediscan.
Themodalverbalwaysusesitsoriginalform.（unaffectedbyanyothercondition）
2,NOUN
Expressingsomething;
havingconcreteorabstractparts.Thekeywordsforjudgmentareoftenthebeverbs,andthebeverb,ifitisam,isorwas,isusedintheform;
thebeverb,ifitis"
are"
or"
were"
addsthenoun"
s"
es"
.
Twopointsareemphasizedhere:
uncountablenounsaresingularbydefault,sotheyalwaysuseisorwas;
itisbetternottojudgebysome,any,a,lot,ofandsoon,soasnottobemisled.
HowdoIaddsuffixes?
:
A.ingeneral,add-sdirectly,suchas:
B.endswithS.,X.,sh.,CH,plus-es,suchas:
C.endswiththeconsonant"
Y"
D.endswith"
F"
Fe"
suchas:
"
knife-knives"
V"
E.irregularpluralnouns:
Judgmentprocedure:
Isam,is,orwas.
Readthesentence.Readtheword.Recognizetheword.Understandthemeaning.Lookattheverb"
be"
Asageneralisareorwere,sorES
3,adjectives（includingadverbs）
Anadjectiveexpressesthecharacteristicsofsomethingoranadverb,indicatingthecharacteristicsofanaction.
ThereareonlytwoformsofadjectivesandAdverbs:
theprototypeandthe+er.
Intheabsenceofcomparison,useaprototype.Compareitto+er.
Twoimportantfeatures:
as...Asmustusetheprototypeinthemiddle,thanmustbe+er.
4,personalpronounsandpossessivepronouns
Personalpronoun
Singular,plural,singular,plural
Nominativeaccusativenominativeaccusativeadjectives（short）noun（long）adjectivenoun（short）（long）
Firstperson,I,me,we,US,my,mine,our,ours
Youyou,you,you,your,yours,your,yours,
Hehim,they,them,his,his,their,theirs,
Sheherherhers
Itititsits
Personalpronoun:
Anominativeandaccusativepoints.
Generalverbverbwiththenominative,accusative.
Possessivepronoun:
Therearetwokinds:
adjective,primarypronoun（short）andnominalpossessivepronoun（long）
Generallyspeaking,therearenonounsattheback.Ifso,weshouldusetheadjectivepronoun（short）;
ifnot,weshouldusethenounpossessivepronoun（long）.
5,quantifiers
Wehavelearnedtwokinds:
cardinalnumbersandordinalnumbers.Acardinalnumberusedtoindicatehowmany,whileacardinaltermisusedtoindicateorder,oftenappearingondates.
6.Article
Therearea,an,the.Aandanhavespecificmeanings,one（one,one）,the,nospecificmeaning,sometimestranslatedasthis,that.Determinetheuseofa,anorthe,accordingtoChinesemeaning.Thedifferencebetweenaandan:
anisusedforvowelphonemes（usuallyvowellettersaeiou）,andaisusedbeforeconsonantsandphonemes.
Two,negativesentence:
Expressanegativemeaning.Theremustbenotinthesentence.
Therearethreepossibilities:
beverbs（am,is,are,was,were）,+not,modalverbs（can,must,should）+not,auxiliaryverbs（do,does,did）+not
Howdoyouchangeapositivedeclarativesentenceintoanegativeone?
1,seewhetherthereareanybeverbsinthesentence,ifany,directlyaftertheverbbe+not.
2,seewhethertherearemodalverbsinthesentence,ifany,directlyafterthemodalverb+not.
3,iftheabovetwoarenot,theapplicationofauxiliaryverb+not.Therearefoursteps:
（1）inadeclarativesentence,thereisnoauxiliaryverb,whichshouldbeaddedtothesubject（someoneorsomething）,beforetheverb.
（2）determinetheauxiliarieswithdo,doesordid,accordingtothesentenceintheverb,
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