毕业设计工业机器人中英文对照Word下载.docx

毕业设计工业机器人中英文对照Word下载.docx

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Mechatronics

Thesuccessofindustriesinmanufacturingandsellinggoodsinaworldmarketincreasinglydependsuponanabilitytointegrateelectronicsandcomputingtechnologiesintoawiderangeofprimarilymechanicalproductsandprocesses.Theperformanceofmanycurrentproducts-cars,washingmachines,robotsormachinetools-andtheirmanufacturedependonthecapacityofindustrytoexploitdevelopmentsintechnologyandtointroducethematthedesignstagintobothproductsandmanufacturingprocesses.Theresultssothatthewholeindustrialsystemtoproduceacheaperandeasierthaninthepast,morereliable,morepowerfulmanufacturingtechnology,thisintensecompetition,leadingtotheoriginalelectronicengineeringandmechanicalengineeringhavebeengraduallydifferenceamongthevariousdisciplineswithengineeringdesignreplacedwiththemutualpenetration,resultinginamechanicalandelectricalintegration,ormechatronics.

Inthiscompetitiveenvironment,thesuccessofproductsandtechnologiesarethosethateffectivelycombinetheelectronicandmechanicalproducts,butnotthemainreasonistheabsenceofasuccessfulapplicationofelectronictechnology.Generalproductinnovationinmachine-buildingindustry,oftenstartingfromthemechanicalhardwaredesign,butinordertoachievevision,fromtheinitialstagesofthedesignprocessmusttakefullaccountofelectronictechnology,controlengineeringandcomputertechnology.Researchfromthemachineryandelectronicstoengineeringdesign,thekeyisthroughthemechanicsandelectronicshiddenboundaries,putthemtogether,itisunderstoodtodaythekeytothistransformationtookplace.

Tobesuccessful,earlyinthedesignofthestudyneedtoestablishtheconceptofmechatronics,whenthespecificprogramhasnotyetformed,sothereischoice.Inthisway,designengineers,especiallymechanicaldesignengineerswillbeabletomakeadecisiontooquicklytoavoidfallingintothestereotypesandreduceproductivity.

Fullystudythemarkettrend,wewillfindelectromechanicalintegrationwithadesign,willleadtoarevivalofthefield,suchashigh-speedtextilemachines,measurementandmeasurementsystems,andautomatictestequipment,integratedcircuitsXiangkindofspecialequipment.Inmanycasessubah,theemergingfieldofproductionandrecoveryareoftenformedbytheembeddedmicroprocessorelectronicsandbasicmechanicalsystemcausedbytheintegratedandenhancedprocessingcapacity.

Flexibilityofthemanufacturingprocesstherequestresultedintheproductionofflexibleoperatingsystemconceptsinthissystem,manycomponentssuchascomputernumericalcontrolmachinetools,robotsandautomaticguidedvehicles,etc.associatedwithjointproduction,exchangeofinformationbetweenthemthroughLocalAreaNetwork.

Theproductssofar,mostdonotrealizethedesignofelectromechanicalintegrationofdiversityfortheengineeringsuddenopportunity.Thefinalproductsoldtocustomersistheessenceofourrevenuesources,whichmaybegintheapplicationisthedatethenewmechatronicproductsandprovideenhancedfunctionalityimportantdifferencebetweentraditionalproducts.

Thefollowingexamplesmayillustratethatthetraditionalproducts:

Automatictransmissioncontrolengineandautomaticcontrolofthedevelopmentofenginesandtransmissionstendtoreducetheradiation,savefuelandtimebypreventingexcessivespeedandtheuseofthefuelflowcanbeadjustedtoavoidfalse-drivengearandsoon.

Power-driventoolsofmodernpower-driventools,suchasdrillbitsyoucanprovideavarietyoffunctions,includingspeedandtorquecontrol,reverseactionandaccelerationcontrol.

Thenewexamplesofmechatronicproductsareasfollows:

Standardcomponentsassembledatraditionalindustrialrobotbecauseofstructuralproblemsoftenmanyrestrictions.Usinganumberofstructuralpartsanddrive,coupledwiththecentralprocessorcanbemadebythestandardcomponentstoassembletherobotsystem,souserscanassembletomeettheirownneedsvariousrobots.

VideoandCDplayer,videoandCDplayerlaserheadisequippedwithsophisticated,youcanreadthedigitalinformationonthedisk.Withmicroprocessorcontrolsystemcanprovidemulti-trackselection,scanpreviewandmanyotherfeatures.

Theaboveexamplesshowthatthepurposeoftheuseofmachineryisthecontinuousimprovementofelectronicconsumergoods,nottokeepconsumerpriceslower.Machineryandelectronicsproductsprovidesolutionstospecificproblemsoftheidealwaytousealow-costelementorstandards.

Thepersonalcomputercontrollerandprogrammablelogiccontroller

Earlymachinetoolsandrobotsinthecontroller'

sfunctionistostoreandperformsomesimpleproceduresfortheimplementationofthetoolordevicewithapredeterminedspeedtogeneratetherequiredmovement.Since1981,IBM'

sfirstsincetheemergenceofpersonalcomputers,manymanufacturersproducemicroprocessorsbasedonitsso-called.Throughthemainmemoryandsecondarystoragedevicesexchangedata,whichallowsuserstousethanthesystemmicroprocessortoprovidetheactualstoragespaceformorestoragespaceprogramming.Itisthisprocessingpowerandstorageefficiencyhadadramaticimpact,makingmoreandmoreindustrialsectorstoPC,fordataacquisitionandcontrolapplications.Inadditiontohandlingcapabilities,PCmachinecontrolapplicationsasakeycomponentofmanyotheradvantages.Theseadvantagesare:

（1）choiceofapplicationsoftwaremorethanadedicatedcontroller.

（2）Selectthetoolstoimproveapplicationefficiencyandroomformore.

（3）ThePCisavailableinavarietyofformsrangingfromasinglecard,aportable,adesktopandruggedizedindustrialversionforuseonthefactoryfloor.

（4）busarchitecturewithmultipleexpansionslots,digitalandanaloginput/outputcardscanbeproducedbyseveralmanufacturers.

（5）specialmachineorasmallcomputerthanamoreflexible,dependingontheapplicationcanbeveryconvenientforavarietyofconfigurations

PC,dataacquisitionandcontroldevicemaybeanadditionalexternalandinterestratesthrough,oritmaybeaplug-inboard.Typicallyaddaseparateexternalrack,theinternalpackaginghastoprovidepowertothehostthroughtheserialorparalleldatacommunicationscable.Avarietyofstandardformatmodulescanbeinsertedintherackasneeded.

PC,dataacquisitionTherearebasicallytwoways.Thefirstuseofanalogdigitalconversioncardconnecteddirectlywiththehostbackplane.Conversioncardsgenerallydoportaddresscanbeanysupportforinput/outputcommanddrivenprogramminglanguage.Usuallyconnectedtothecard,selectthebaseaddress.ThisallowsadifferentcardorcardnumberthesamehostinthesamePCconnectionandoperation.ThesecondmethodistousetheinterfacecircuitboardwithadigitalvoltagemeterandfrequencymeterandotherequipmenttocontrolthePC,toreceivedata.TheCommonCriteriaisaninternationalAssociationofElectricalandElectronicsEngineersIEEE-488standardparallelcommunicationlink.Comparisonoffast,easyandeconomicalisthefirstapproach,usingtheinput/outputportaddressthecardtothePC,theoutputofthemeasurementdataorcontrolsignalsreceivedfromthePCmachine.Thesecardsareversatile,easytoobtain,andhasthefollowingcharacteristics:

（1）multi-channeldigitalinput/ShucuinterfacewithopticalisolationandDarlingtondriversettings.

（2）pulsetimingandcountingfacilities.

（3）multi-channelprogrammableA/Dconversion.

（4）D/Aconversion.

（5）thermocoupleinput.

PCmachinecontrolapplicationsincludingthelatestdevelopmentsindataacquisitionandcontrolsoftware,canprovidetheuserwithadrop-downmenusandmouse-drivenwindowsenvironment.

Beforetheinventionofthecomputercontrolsystemmainrelaylogiccircuitwithelectricalorpneumaticlogiccircuitstoautomate.Thelate20thcenturyinventionof60programmablelogiccontrollers（PLC）directlyinsteadoftherelaycontroller.Itshouldbenoted,intheUnitedStates,alsoknownasprogrammablelogiccontrollerPLC,abbreviatedasPC.DoitwithapersonalcomputerPCorIBM-PCtobeconfused.

Programmablelogiccontrollersandmicro-computercomposedofthesame,therearemicroprocessors,memoryandinput/outputdevices.Processorperformsmemorycontrolprocessaccordingtoinputinstructions,definedbythelogiccontrolprogramtoprovideoutput.Everystepduringtheimplementationperiod,theprogramisquicklyscannedtorecordalloftheinputstate,thentheprogramlogictodetermineoutput.Controllerscaneachofthesestepsarerepeated.

Somesmall,dedicatedtothesequentialcontroloftheprogrammablelogiccontrollerusuallyhas12inputportsandeightoutputportsareextendedtobothpinchthe128input/outputcircuit.Inputinterfaceconnectedtotheselines,theprocessofreceivinginputsignalsfromthecontrol,andthesesignalsintoaformsuitableforprocessing.Similarly,theprogrammablelogiccontrolleroutputinterfacewithavarietyofprocesshardware,suchaslights,motors,relaysandspiralcoil.

Usingahandheldprogrammingkeyboard,orwiththecorrespondingsoftwaredevelopmentkitwithapersonalcomputerconnectedtotheprogrammablecontrollercommandinputrandomaccessmemory,therandomaccessmemorywithbatterybackuppowersupplygenerally.Iftheprogrammertoestablishproceduresforusingthesymbolkey,andsomeprogrammingconsoleLCDdisplaycanalsodisplaysomeofthegraphics,usingladderlogicdiagramshowstheformatprocess.Afteradebuggingprogram,thecontrolmethodthroughsimulationtesting,youca