高级英语第三版2张汉熙paraphraseWord格式.docx
《高级英语第三版2张汉熙paraphraseWord格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高级英语第三版2张汉熙paraphraseWord格式.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
5.....itcouldstillgoignorantlyon...
Theconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong.
6.Therearecattleinthefields,butwesitdowntobeef.
Theseanimalsarecalledcattlewhentheyarealiveandfeedinthefields,butwhenwesitdownatthetabletoeat,wecalltheirmeetbeef.
7.ThenewrulingclasshadbuiltaculturalbarrieragainsthimbybuildingtheirFrenchagainsthisownlanguage.
ThenewrulingclassbyusingFrenchinsteadofEnglishmadeithardfortheEnglishtoacceptorabsorbthecultureoftherulers.
8.Englishhadcomeroyallyintoitsown.
EnglishreceivedproperrecognitionandwasusedbytheKingoncemore.
9.Thephrasehasalwaysbeenusedalittlepejorativelyandevenfacetiouslybythelowerclasses.
Thephrase,theKing’sEnglish,hasalwaysbeenuseddisrespectfullyandjokinglybythelowerclasses.（Theworkingpeopleoftenmocktheproperandformallanguageoftheeducatedpeople.）
10.Therebellionagainstaculturaldominanceisstillthere.
AstheearlySaxonpeasants,theworkingpeoplestillhaveaspiritofoppositiontotheculturalauthorityoftherulingclass.
11.Thereisalwaysagreatdangerthat“wordswillhardenintothingsforus.“
Thereisalwaysagreatdanger,asCarlyleputit,thatwemightforgetthatwordsareonlysymbolsandtakethemforthingstheyaresupposedtorepresent.
a.Howeverintricatethewaysinwhichanimalscommunicatewitheachother,theydonotindulgeinanythingthatdeservesthenameofconversation.
不管动物之间的交流方式多么复杂，它们不能参与到称得上是交谈的任何活动中。
b.Argumentmayoftenbeapartofit,butthepurposeoftheargumentisnottoconvince.Thereisnowinninginconversation.
争论会经常出现于交谈中，但争论的目的不是为了说服。
交谈中没有胜负之说。
c.PerhapsitisbecauseofmyupbringinginEnglishpubsthatIthinkbarconversationhasacharmofitsown.
或许我从小就混迹于英国酒吧缘故，我认为酒吧里的闲聊别有韵味。
d.Idonotrememberwhatmadeoneofourcompanionssayit---sheclearlyhadnotcomeintothebartosayit,itwasnotsomethingthatwaspressingonhermind---butherremarkfellquitenaturallyintothetalk.
我不记得是什么使得我的一个同伴说起它来的---她显然不是来酒吧说这个的，这不是她事先想好的话题----但她的话相当自然地插入到了交谈中。
e.Thereisalwaysresistanceinthelowerclassestoanyattemptbyanupperclasstolaydownrulesfor“Englishasitshouldbespoken.”
下层社会总会抵制上层社会企图给“标准英语”制定得规则。
f.Wordsarenotthemselvesareality,butonlyrepresentationsofit,andtheKing’sEnglish,liketheAnglo-FrenchoftheNormans,isaclassrepresentationofreality.
词语本身并不是现实。
正如诺曼底人讲的英格鲁--法语一样，标准英语是一个阶层用来表达现实的形式。
g.Perhapsitisworthtryingtospeakit,butitshouldnotbelaiddownasanedict,andmadeimmunetochangefrombelow.
或许试着去说它还是值得的，但是它不能被制定成法令，从而拒绝来自下层的变化。
h.Thereisnoworseconversationalistthantheonewhopunctuateshiswordsashespeaksasifhewerewriting,orevenwhotriestousewordsasifhewerecomposingapieceofproseforprint.
如果一个人说出的话就像写出来的文字，或者试图使用那些创作书面散文的文字，那么没有比这样的交谈者更糟糕的了。
i.WhenE.M.Forsterwritesof“thesinistercorridorofourage,”wesitupatthevividnessofthephrase,theforceandeventerrorintheimage.
当E.M.福斯特写到“我们这个时代的险恶长廊”时，其用语之生动及由其所产生的生动有力，甚至可怖的形象苦令我们拍案叫绝。
j.Therewouldhavebeennoconversationtheothereveningifwehadbeenabletosettleatoncethemeetingof“theKing’sEnglish.”
那天晚上如果我们立刻解决了“标准英语”的含义，就不会有第二天晚上的谈话了。
Lessontwo
1.Theburing-groundisnothingmorethanahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsofearthlookinglikeadesertedandabandonedpieceoflandonwhichabuildingwasgoingtobeputup.
2.Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonieslikeanimals（bynottreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesashumanbeings）.
3.Theyareborn.Thenforafewyearstheywork,toilandstarve.Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname.
4.Sittingwithhislegscrossedandusingaveryold-fashionedlathe,acarpenterquicklygivesaroundshapetothechair-legsheismaking.
5.Immediatelyfromtheirdarkhole-likecellseverywhereagreatnumberofJewsrushedoutwildlyexcited.
6.EveryoneofthesepoorJewslookedonthecigaretteasapieceofluxurywhichtheycouldnotpossiblyafford.
7.However,awhite-skinnedEuropeanisalwaysquitenoticeable.
8.Ifyoutakealookatthenaturalsceneryinatropicalregion,youseeeverythingbutthehumanbeings.
9.Noonewouldthinkoforganizingcheaptripsforthetouriststovisitthepoorslumareas
LessonThree
1.Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheglobe....
OurancestorsfoughtarevolutionarywartoclaimallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadendowedthemwithcertainunalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercouldtakeawayfromthem.However,todaythisissuehasnotyetbeensettledinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.
2.Thismuchwepledge---andmore.
Thismuchwepromisetodoandwepromisetodomore.
3.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.
Unitedandworkingtogetherwecanaccomplishalotofthingsinalargenumberofjointundertakings.
4.....ourlastbesthopeinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefaroutpacedtheinstrumentsofpeace...
TheUnitedNationsisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagewheretheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.
5....toenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun.
WepledgetohelptheUnitedNationsenlargetheareainwhichitsauthorityandmandatewouldcontinuetobeinforce.
6.....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionunleashedbyscienceengulfallhumanityinplannedoraccidentalself-destruction.
Beforetheterribleforcesofdestruction,whichatomicbombscannowrelease,overwhelmmankind,whichmaybeplannedorbroughtaboutbyanaccident
7.....yetbothracingtoalterthatuncertainbalanceofterrorthatstaysthebandofmankind’sfinalwar.
Yetbothgroupsofnationsareattemptingtochangeasquicklyaspossiblethisuncertainbalanceofterriblemilitarypowerthatrestrainseachgroupfromlaunchingmankind;
sfinalwar.
8.Soletusbeginanew,rememberingonbothsidesthatcivilityisnotasignofweakness...
Soletusstartonceagain,bearinginmindthatbeingpoliteisnotasignofweakness.
9.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.
Letbothsidestrytocallforththewonderfulthingsthatsciencecandoformankindinsteadofthefrightfulthingsitcando.
10.....eachgenerationofAmericanshasbeensummonedtogivetestimonytoitsnationalloyalty.
Americansofeverygenerationhavebeencalledupontoprovetheirloyaltytotheircountrybyfrightinganddyingfortheircountry’scause.
11.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove...
Letusleadthecountrywelove,knowingoursurerewardwillbeagoodconscienceandhistorywillfinallyjudgewhetherwehavedoneourtaskwellornot.
●Weobservetodaynotavictoryofpartybutacelebrationoffreedom,symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning,signifyingrenewalaswellaschange.
我们今天庆祝的不是一个政党的胜利，而是一个自由的盛会，它代表这一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开端，它代表着重生和改变。
●Letthewordgoforthfromthistimeandplace,tofriendandfoealike,thatthetorchhasbeenpassedtoanewgenerationofAmericans,borninthiscentury,temperedbywar,disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace,proudofourancientheritage,andunwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthesehumanrightstowhichthisnationhasalwaysbeencommitted,andtowhichwearecommittedtodayathomeandaroundtheworld.
此时此地我向朋友和敌人宣布：
火炬已经传递给了新一代的美国人，他们出生于本世纪，经受过战争的洗礼，受过冷峻而苦涩的和平的考验，以我们的古代遗产为傲，不愿意见到或者允许这些人权被逐渐取消。
这个国家一直致力于维护这些人权，如今我们在国内和全世界也在维护这些人权。
●Leteverynationknow,whetheritwishesuswellorill,thatweshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty.
让世界上每一个希望我们成功或窘迫的国家知道：
我们将不惜任何代价，承担任何责任，应对任何艰难，支持一切朋友，反对一切敌人，以确保自由的幸存和成功。
●United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.
只要我们团结起来，我们将在大量的合作型事业中战无不胜。
●Divided,thereislittlewecando,forwedarenotmeetapowerfulchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder.
如果分裂开来，我们将一事无成，因为我们不能在争执中去应对巨大的挑战，我们的关系会崩裂。
●Ifafreesocietycannothelpthemanywhoarepoor,itcannotsavethefewwhoarerich.
如果自由的社会不能帮助多数穷人，它就不能拯救少数的富人。
●Wedarenottemptthemwithweakness.Foronlywhenourarmsaresufficientbeyonddoubtcanwebecertainbeyonddoubtthattheywillneverbeemployed.
我们不敢以软弱来诱惑它们。
因为只有当我们的军备力量无疑是非常充足的时候，我们才能确保不会使用武力。
●Inyourhands,myfellowcitizens,morethanmine,willrestthefinalsuccessorfailureofourcourse.
我们的同胞们，我们事业成败的关键与其说掌握在我的手中，不如说掌握在你们的手中。
●Nowthetrumpetsummonsusagain----notasacalltobeararms,thougharmsweneed;
notasacalltobattle,thoughembattledweare;
butacalltobeartheburdenofalongtwilightstruggle,yearinandyearout,“rejoicinginhope,patientintribulation,”astruggleagainstthecommonenemiesofman:
tyranny,povertydiseaseandwaritself.
升级会员 