潘基文秘书长在荷兰莱顿大学英语演讲稿Word格式文档下载.docx

潘基文秘书长在荷兰莱顿大学英语演讲稿Word格式文档下载.docx

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　　Weareheretotalkaboutfreedom.Icanthinkofnobettertimeorplace.

　　Leidenissynonymouswithfreedom.

　　LeidenUniversity&

scredois“BastionofLiberty”,andthecityitselfcarriesthemotto“forthesakeoffreedom”.

　　Thisisalsoaveryspecialday.Earliertoday,Itookpartineventsmarkingthe100thanniversaryofthePeacePalaceinTheHague.Andonthisdatefiftyyearsago,Dr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.deliveredhismonumental“IHaveaDream”speech.

　　Dr.Kingspokeofthe“richesoffreedomandthesecurityofjustice”.Heremindedtheworldthattherightsofanyminorityshouldbethecauseofall.

　　Ashesaid,“theirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom”.

　　Inotherwords,weshareacommonfuturewithsharedresponsibilities.

　　Thatunderstandingiseventruertoday.

　　Ourfreedomourpossibilities.ourperilsarelinkedlikeneverbefore.

　　TheUnitedNationsCharterspeakstooursharedfate&

ndash;

andhighlightstheneed“topromotesocialprogressandbetterstandardsoflifeinlargerfreedom”.

　　Theword“freedom”suffusestheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.

　　Ourworktodeepenthemeaningoffreedomisbuiltonthreepillars:

development--orfreedomfromwant;

peaceandsecurity--orfreedomfromfear;

andhumanrights--orsimplythefreedomtoenjoyandexercisethefullbodyofhumanrights.

　　Thesepillarsareinterdependentandmutuallyreinforcing.

　　Therecanbenopeacewithoutdevelopmentnodevelopmentwithoutpeaceandneithercanbeachievedwithoutfullrespectforhumanrightsandtheruleoflaw.

　　TodayIwouldliketoaddressthosethreedimensionsoffreedom.

　　Letmebeginwithfreedomfromwant.

　　Atthedawnofthisnewmillennium,theinternationalcommunitysetoutonanunprecedentedjourneytotacklefreedomfromwantaroundtheworld.

　　TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsareourtouchstoneforthiseffort.Theeightgoalsandassociatedtargetsmakeupourblueprinttofightpovertyandhunger,expandeducationandhealth,empowerwomenandgirls,andensureenvironmentalsustainability.

　　Thankstocombinedeffortsfromgovernmentstothegrassroots,wehavemadeimportantprogress.

　　Theproportionofpeoplelivinginextremepovertyhasbeenhalved.Fewerchildrenarelosingtheirlivestomalariaandtuberculosis.Andmorethan2.1billionpeoplegainedaccesstoimprovedsourcesofdrinkingwater&

achallengeonwhichtheNetherlandsandKingWillem-Alexanderhavebeengloballeaders.

　　Butthereismuchunfinishedbusiness.

　　Nineteenthousandchildrenunderagefivestilldieeachday,mostfrompreventablediseases.

　　Twoandahalfbillionpeoplestilllackaccesstosanitation.

　　Disparitiesbetweendifferentsocialgroupsarewidening.

　　Environmentalsustainabilityisunderseverethreat.

　　Ourplanetisstrainedandstretched.

　　Wemustintensifyoureffortsintwocrucialways.

　　First,withlessthan1,000daysbeforethedeadlinetoachievetheMDGs,wemustaccelerateprogress.

　　Second,wemustshapeaglobalagendabeyond2019withpovertyeradicationandsustainabledevelopmentatitscore.

　　ThesetwinchallengeswillbefrontandcentreattheUnitedNationsnextmonthasworldleadersgatherfortheopeningoftheGeneralAssembly.

　　Wehavealreadybegunthevitaldiscussiononcraftingapost-2019agendathatisambitious,inspiringanduniversal&

relevanttoallpeopleandallsocieties.

　　Iwillcontinuetostresstheimportanceofempoweringwomenandgirls.

　　Societiescannotbefreeifhalftheircitizenscannotpursuetheirfullpotential.AttheUnitedNations,Iamstrivingtoleadbyexample.havenearlydoubledthenumberofwomeninthemostseniorUNpositions.Ourtopofficialsforhumanitarianaffairs,humanrights,health,developmentanddisarmamentarewomen.So,too,ismychiefofstaff.

　　Iamproudthatforthefirsttimeinhistory,fiveUNpeacekeepingoperationsinvolvingtensofthousandsoftroopsareledbywomen.

　　Theempowermentofwomenispartofawiderefforttomakesurethatallpeopleareabletoexercisetheirrighttoparticipateinthedevelopmentprocess.

　　Whenpeopleareengagedandtakeownership,theycanbecomeastrongforcetopromotelocalgovernance--advancetheruleoflaw--deependemocracy,developmentandpeace&

andspreadfreedom.

　　Buttheyneedoursupport.

　　Iknowthisisatimeofausterity.Budgetsaretighteverywhere,includinghereintheNetherlands.Butwecannotshort-changeinvestmentsthatareneededtoliftthelivesoftheworld&

smostvulnerablepeople.

　　Atthesametime,Ihavestressedaccountabilitytoensurethatgovernmentseverywheredothemostwithwhatevertheyhave.Budgetprioritiesaroundtheworldmustreflectpeople&

spriorities.

　　Andyetstilleveryyear,morethanatrilliondollarsisdrainedonweaponsofwar.Thetimehascometospendlessonarsenalsthatdestroyandmoreontoolsthatbuild.

　　Developmentandpeacearetwosidesofthesamecoin.Freedomfromwantgoeshandinhandwithfreedomfromfear&

buildingsustainablepeaceandsecurity.Thisisthesecondpillar.

　　Earlierthisyear,ItravelledtotheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongowithDr.JimKim,PresidentoftheWorldBank.

　　Itwasthefirst-eversuchjointvisit.Wewenttosupportaframeworkforpeaceandsecuritytoendfightinginoneofthemostbattle-scarredplacesonearth.

　　TheUNhastriedtokeepandbuildpeacethereformorethan50years.Butwearemodernizingourapproach&

engagingregionalpartnersandcivilsocietyandputtinganevengreaterfocusonimprovingthelivesofpeopleontheground.

　　Apeacedealmustdeliverapeacedividend.

　　Peopleneedtoseethefruitsofpeaceintheirownlives&

throughschools,jobs,basicservices,theopportunitiestoliveinfreedom.

　　Aroundtheworld,wearereinvigoratingtheUnitedNations&

useofpreventivediplomacyandmediation,peacekeepingandpost-conflictpeacebuildingtotackle21stcenturychallenges.

　　Thatisthewaytobuildsocietiesfoundedonhopeinsteadoffuelledbyfear.

　　Thatleadsmetothethirdpillaroffreedom&

thefreedomtoenjoyandexercisehumanrights.

　　AllStateshavecommittedtoensuringtheirpeoplefreedomofopinionandexpressionfreedomofreligionorbelieffreedomofassemblyandassociationandfreedomofmovement.

　　Yetinfartoomanyplaces,weseeoppositionandobstaclestothosefreedoms.

　　Itcouldcomeintheformofcostlylawenforcementmachinerytosanctionorspyonthosewhospeakout.

　　Itcouldbeshuttingdowninternetandmediaoutlets,ordetainingdissidents,journalistsorhumanrightsdefenders.

　　Thinkofthereporterimprisonedforhavingrevealedcorruption.

　　Thewomannotallowedtowearherheadscarforanotherwhoisnotallowedtoshowherhair.

　　ThehumanrightsNGOprohibitedfromreceivingfunding.

　　Thepersonwithdisabilitiesnotallowedtovote.

　　Thestudentsforbiddenfrompeacefullydemonstratingagainstmisrule.

　　Fearisoftenthedriverforrestrictionsoffreedom.

　　Fearofthenew.Fearoftheunknown.Fearofwhatisdifferent.Fearofallowingothersasayinthedecisionsaffectingtheirlives.Orsometimes,simply,fearofthetruth.

　　Weseethisinrisingexamplesofnationallegislationthatrestricthumanrightsdefendersandcivilsociety.

　　Thereareagrowingnumberoflawsbeingwronglyusedtoimpedetheirwork,includinganti-terrorismandnationalsecuritylegislation;

lawsrelatingtopublicmorals,defamationorblasphemy;

cumbersomelawsontheregistration,functioningandfundingofassociations;

official-secretslegislation;

andlegislationregulatingInternetaccess.

　　Weseeitindozensofcountriesthatstillcriminalizeconsensual,same-sexrelationships.

　　Weseeitinbansonminaretsandotherrestrictionsthatdrivewedgesinsocietybytargetingminoritiesandmigrantcommunities.

　　Weseeitinarbitrarybansonpeacefulassemblies.

　　Andweseeitinsurveillanceprogrammesthathavegrownevermoreaggressive.

　　Letmebeclear.Concernsaboutnationalsecurityandcriminalactivitymayjustifyexceptionalandnarrowly-tailoreduseofsurveillance.

　　Butsurveillancewithoutsafeguardstoprotecttherighttoprivacyhampersfundamentalfreedoms.

　　PeopleshouldfeelsecureintheknowledgethattheirprivatecommunicationsarenotbeingundulyorunjustlyscrutinisedbytheState.

　　Thosedisclosinginformationonmattersthathaveimplicationsforhumanrightsneedtobeprotected.

　　Althoughsomeinpowermightclaimtheyneedtocurtailfreedomstopreserveorder,thisinfactcouldhavetheoppositeeffect.

　　Yes,protectingfreedomisnotfree.Itrequiresinvestments.Butcurtailingfreedomalsocarriesaheavyprice.

　　Whenpeopledonothaveameanstochanneltheirgrievances-whentheyarenotallowedtospeakout,protestpeacefullyorexercisetheirdemocraticrights,stabilitywillsuffer.

　　LooknofurtherthantheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,wheredecadesofoppressionbroughtaboutuprisingswhichhav