高一英语 阅读理解专题提升篇教案Word下载.docx
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一定要“天天背、时时背、反复背”。
上课时碰到难记的重要的用法、词汇,给一到二分钟,马上背下来。
每节课后,至少要化十分钟左右的时间记忆本节课的重点内容,而检测学生有没有背的最终手段无疑是默写。
从教以来,总有学生很诚恳的问我:
“老师,能不能告诉我一些学好外语的方法啊?
”
而与此同时,一提到要背、要默写时,学生的痛苦之情又是那么的溢于言表;
提到叫人上黑板默写时,头更是一个比一个低的厉害。
2.跳出一个误区
这里不得不提到另外一点。
有不少老师认为:
词汇不需要死记硬背,通过上、下文的语境猜出大致意思就可以了。
这其实是对学生的一种误导。
为不少“懒惰“的学生提供了一个不背诵的借口。
有不少同学就妄想凭着自己的小聪明多猜几个词,在某一次考试中多捞几分。
我认为”猜词“其实是建立在大量记忆词汇的基础之上的,是背诵单词的高级阶段。
如让学生猜“illegal”的意思。
如果学生既不知道“il-”是否定前缀又不知道“legal”的意思是“合法的”,你叫他如何下手呢?
最多也只能望词兴叹了。
再比如,有一篇阅读的开头有这样一个句子“Architects
design
houses
and
buildings
”让学生根据句意猜测“architect”这个词的意思。
如果学生不知道“design”是“设计”的意思,他又怎么能猜得出“architect”这个词的意思呢?
而这个词却恰恰是这篇文章的Key
word
。
在文中反复出现多达十余次。
学生一边在看文章一边在不断的想:
architect到底是什么意思呢?
与房子和建筑物(houses
buildings)有关的,会是“砖块”吗?
试问:
这样的阅读会有多少效果?
词汇是英语学习的基石。
只能扎扎实实的去记忆、背诵,而记忆、背诵的要决在于“坚持、反复”
只有基本功夯实了,我们提高英语能力才能成为可能。
只有能力提高了,才有所谓的素质,才能以“不变应万变”,才能在大大小小的考试中获得成功,提升自信。
3.攻克长、难句
长、难句是英语阅读中的又一个“拦路虎”。
我对于长、难句的处理一般采取了以下4个步骤。
第一步:
让学生自己把句子看一遍,把所有认识的单词的意思串起来,不认识的单词尽量不要去管它。
然后结合自己的背景知识,把自己对这个句子意思的理解说出来,有多少说多少。
哪怕只能说出20%-30%的意思,也是一种理解,一种成功。
第二步:
通过我们所掌握语法知识,分析句子结构,是复句的,要划分到简单句。
第三步:
在以上的分析之后,酌情讲解一些词汇、短语的搭配,并适当留个别的生词让学生去猜测词义以培养学生推理判断能力。
然后让同学们精确翻译整个句子,翻译时要注意汉语的规范表达,以“信、达、雅”为目标。
从解题技巧的训练到解题能力的提高
虽然扎实的语言知识----单词、语法是阅读理解篇章的必备条件。
但是仅仅认识单词和语法,远不能达到理解篇章内容和作者要表达的深层含义的目的。
我们还需要一定的语篇结构知识、社会语文化背景知识、分析综合与评价的技能和策略、超认知的监控阅读的知识和技能。
要想获得这些能力,从而跨越阅读理解的最后一个台阶,必须要经过大量的实践训练,根据对学生们阅读理解题答对率长期的研究分析,我发现学生在以下几个类型的阅读理解中失分率较高;
what
is
the
main
idea
of
passage?
which
one
best
title
this
can
you
infer
from
Which
following
analysis
right
according
to
三、例题精析
1、
细节题
例:
Scientists
say
we’re
all
born
with
a
sense
direction,
but
it
not
properly
understood
how
works.
One
theory
that
people
good
direction
have
simply
worked
harder
at
developing
it.
Research
being
carried
out
Liverpool
University
supports
suggests
if
we
don’t
use
is,
lose
(2005A,
P2)
65.
believe
that_______.
A.
some
babies
are
direction.
B.
learn
as
they
grow
older
C.
never
their
D.
everybody
possesses
birth
解题思路:
细节题的解题要点在于是否能在原文中准确定位,并精确找到同义改写的选项,即正确选项。
同时认清错误选项的特征也同样能提高做题正确率。
本题非常简单,根据“scientists”一词定位到文章第二段,第二段一共三句话。
2、
词汇题
Family
GUY
11.45PM
Road
Europe.
Without
proper
identification,
Brian
Stewie
stow
away
on
plane
think
leaving
for
England.
They
wrong,
soon
in
Saudi
Arabia
(Brian:
Oh
my
God,
finished.
We
lost
desert”)
beginning
long
trip
home.
70.
The
phrase
“stow
away”
most
probably
means“______
hide
secretly
B.
talk
excitedly
operate
easily
D.
guide
successfully
先找到词汇出现的圆心句,以它为圆心,上下一两句话内就有解题线索。
定位部分“Without
identification,
England.”前半句“without
identification”就是解这题的关键,坐飞机没有有效证件怎么还能飞离成功?
只有一种可能性,就是偷偷的干吧,或者说干的勾当不怎么光彩,属于贬义基调,再看4个选项的基调,只有A符合,所以选A。
identification
[i·
den·
ti·
fi·
ca·
tion
||
n.
认出;
鉴定;
识别;
确认
四、课堂运用
A
“CanIseemybaby?
”askedthehappynewmother.Thebundle(acollectionofthingswrappedorboxedtogether)wasplacedinherarmsandwhenshemovedthefoldofclothtolookuponhistinyface,shegasped--thebabyhadbeenbornwithoutears.Time,however,provedthatthebaby’shearingwasperfectexcepthisappearance.
Onedaywhenherushedhomefromschoolandthrewhimselfintohismother’sarms,hecriedoutbitterly,“Aboy,abigboy…calledme--af...freak.”Shesighed,knowingthathislifewastobeendlessofheartbreaks.
Hegrewup,handsomeforhismisfortune.Afavoritewithhisfellowstudents,hemighthavebeenclasspresident,butforthat.Hedevelopedagiftforliteratureandmusic.
Theboy’sfatherhadatalkwiththefamilydoctor.Couldnothingbedone?
“Ibelievewecouldgraft(移植)onapairofouterears,iftheycouldbedonated(捐献),”thedoctordecided.Sothesearchbeganforapersonwhowouldmakesuchasacrificeforayoungman.Twoyearswentby.Then,“You’regoingtothehospital,son.MotherandIhavesomeonewhowilldonatetheearsyouneed.Butit’sasecret.”saidthefather.
Theoperationwasabrilliantsuccess.Histalentsblossomedintogenius.Schoolandcollegebecameaseriesofsuccesses.Laterhemarriedandenteredthediplomatic(外交)service.“ButImustknow!
”heurgedhisfather.“Whogavesomuchforme?
Icouldneverdoenoughforhim.”
“Idonotbelieveyoucould,”saidthefather,“buttheagreementwasthatyouarenottoknow…notyet.”Theyearskeptthesecret,butthedaydidcome...oneofthedarkestdaysthateverpassedthroughason.Hestoodwithhisfatheroverhismother’scasket(棺材).Slowlyandtenderly,thefatherstretchedforthahandandraisedthethick,reddish-brownhairtoletoutthesecret.
1.Thestoryismainlyabout
_______.
A.howaboyhadnewearsthroughanoperation
B.whatadevotedparentprivatelydidforthechild
C.howadisabledboyturnedintoausefulperson
D.whyadonatormadeasacrificetoabrightboy
2.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatthemother_______.
A.wasdeterminedtodonateherearstoperfectherson
B.keptherhusbandunknownaboutthebaby’ssituation
C.feltshockedanddisappointedtoseehernewbaby
D.complainedofherbadlucktohaveadisabledchild
3.Theunderlinedword“freak”inParagraph2istheclosestinmeaningto“_______”.
A.slow-actingpersonB.funny-lookingchild
C.badly-behavedstudentD.strangely-shapedcreature
4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Theagreementwasbetweenthedonatorandthefamily.
B.Theboywassopopularthathewasmadeclasspresident.
C.Finallytheboycametoknowwhothedonatorwas.
D.Themotherdonatedherearstohersonaftershedied.
5.Whatmorallessoncanwedrawfromthisreading?
A.Realloveliesinwhatisdoneunknownratherthanwhatisdoneknown.
B.Itisparents’responsibilitytohelptheirchildrenheartandsoul.
C.Truebeautyliesonlyintheheartnotinappearance.
D.Younggenerationsshouldlearntobegrateful.
B
“Getyourhandsoffme,Ihavebeenstolen,”thelaptop,aportablecomputer,shouted.Thatisanewsolutiontolaptopcomputertheft(thecrimeofstealing):
aprogramthatletsownersgivetheirpropertyavoicewhenithasbeentaken.
Theprogramallowsuserstodisplayalerts(warning)onthemissingcomputer’sscreenandeventosetaspokenmessage.Trackingsoftwareforstolenlaptopshasbeenonthemarketforsometime,butthisisthoughttobethefirstthatallowsownerstogivethethiefapieceoftheirmind.
Ownersmustreporttheirlaptopmissingbyvisitingawebsite,whichsendsamessagetothemodel:
aredandyellow“lostorstolen”signappearsonitsscreenwhenitisstarted.Underthelatestversionofthesoftware,userscanalsosendaspokenmessage.
Themessagecanbesettoreappearevery30seconds,nomatterhowmanytimesthethiefclosesit.“Onecustomersentamessagesaying,‘Youarebeingtracked.Iamrightatyourdoor’,”saidCarrieHafeman,chiefexecutiveofthecompanywhichproducestheprogram,Retriever.
Inthelatestversion,peoplecanaddaspokenmessage.Forexample,thelaptop’sspeakerswillsay:
“Help,thislaptopisreportedlostorstolen.Ifyouarenotmyowner,reportmenow.”
TheRetrieversoftwarepackage,whichcosts$29.95buthasafreetrialperiod,hasthefunctionsofmanysecuritysoftwareprograms.Ownerscanremotely(远程地)switchtoanalternative(可替换的)passwordimmediatelyiftheyfearthatthethiefhasalsogotholdoftheaccess(进入,使用)details.
IfathiefaccessestheInternetwiththestolenlaptop,RetrieverwillcollectinformationontheInternetserviceproviderinuse,sothatthepolicecanbealertedtoitslocation.
Thousandsoflaptopsarestoleneveryyearfromhomesandoffices,butwiththeuseoflaptopsincreasing,thenumberstolenwhiletheirownersareoutandabouthasbeenrisingsharply.
Othersecuritysoftwareallowsuserstoerasedataremotelyorlockdownthecomputer.
6.Theunderlinedexpression“togivethethiefapieceoftheirmind”inParagraph2canbeunderstoodas“_______”.
A.togivethethiefanalertmind
B.toexpresstheowners’angertothethief
C.toremindthethiefofhisconscience(良心)
D.tomakethethiefgiveuphismind
7.Differentfromothersecuritysoftware,Retrievercan_______.
A.recordthestealingprocess
B.helprecognizethelostlaptop
C.lockdownthecomputerremotely
D.sendaspokenmessage
8.Onefunctionoftheprogramisthatitallowstheownerto_______atadistance.
A.changesomeaccessdetailsforswitchingonthelaptop
B.turnonthelaptopbyusingtheoriginalpassword
C.operatethelaptopbymeansofanalternativepassword
D.erasetheinformationkeptinthestolenlaptop
9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthemainideaofthepassage?
A.WithnoRetriever,thousandsoflaptopsarestoleneveryyear.
B.Anewsoftwareprovidesameanstoreducelaptoptheft.
C.Retrieverhashelpedtofindthievesandlostcomputers.
D.Anewprogramoffersacommunicationplatformwiththethief.
10.Whatdoestheword“it”inParagraph4referto?
A.thealertmessageB.thecomputer
C.theprogramD.thelaptop
C
Not