BBC Wild China文本 第六集Word文档下载推荐.docx

BBC Wild China文本 第六集Word文档下载推荐.docx

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TheirstatueswereplacednexttotheEmperor'

sthrone.

Thecraneshavecausetocelebrate.

Thischickisasignofhopeindifficulttimes.

Red-crownedcranesareoneoftheworld'

smostendangeredspecies.

Overthelastcentury,

Chinahaslostnearlyhalfofitscoastalwetlands

andmostofwhatremainsismanagedforthebenefitofpeople,notwildlife.

Afewmonthsfromnow,

thischickanditsparentswillfacealongmigrationsouth

toescapetheharshnorthernwinter.

Theirroutewilltakethemalongacoast

whichhasbeengreatlyaffectedbyhumanactivity.

Alongtheirjourney,thecraneswillbejoined

bymanythousandsofothermigratingbirds.

AllheadingsouthacrosstheBohaiGulf

andalongtheshoresoftheYellowandEastChinaSeas,

someevenreachingasfarastheSouthChinaSea

insearchofasafewinterhaven.

Theannualbirdmigrationhasbeengoingonforthousandsofyears.

HereatMountJinpingonChina'

snortheastcoast,

thereissurprisingevidence

thatpeoplehavelivedherealmostaslong.

Seventhousandyearsago,

membersoftheShaoHaotribecarvedmagicalsymbols

representingsignificantelementsoftheirdailylives.

Thepetroglyphsshowwheatsheavesconnectedbylinestohumanfigures,

thefirstknownrecordingsofcultivationinChina.

Familiarwiththespectacleofyearlybirdmigrations,

theShaoHaopeoplechoseasymbolofabirdastheirtotem.

MountJinpingliesneartheShandongpeninsula,

animportantwinteringsiteformigrantbirds,

andeventodaytherearestillcommunitiesalongthiscoastline

whoretainaspecialaffinitywiththeirlocalbirdlife.

YandunJiaovillage,

onthenorth-easternshoreofthepeninsula,

isfamousforitstraditionalseaweed-thatchedcottages.

Onachillymorninginearlyspring,

MrandMrsQuventureoutatfirstlight

armedwiththetraditionalseasideaccessoriesofbucketandspade.

AstheQusheaddownintotheharbour,

aflockofwhooperswans,

knownaffectionatelyhereas"

winterangels"

arewakingoutinthebay.

TheQusandtheirneighbourssearchfortubeholes

inthemudatlowtide,

thesignofcocklesandrazorshellshiddendeepbelow.

Whilegatheringshellfishisapopularpastime,

themainbusinessofYandunJiaohappensfurtheroutatsea.

Astheboatssetout,withMrQuonboard,

theswanssetaparallelcourse.

Thewholeofthebayisagiganticseaweedfarm.

Themenworkalldaycleaningandtendingthekelpfronds

thataregrownonropeslinkedtoavastarmadaofbuoys.

Theswanseatnativeseaweedsgrowingonthesurfaceropes

ratherthanthevaluablecropofkelp,

sotheydonoharmtothecommercialoperation.

Intheafternoon,asthewindpicksupoutatsea,

theworkersandswansreturntoshore.

Whilethecultureofseekingbalancewithnature

goesbackalongwayinChina,

itisraretoseesuchharmoniousrelationshipsonChina'

scrowdedcoast.

Aseveningdrawson,

theQufamilypreparetheireveningmealofcockles,

steamedbreadandseaweed.

（KIDSCHATTERING）

Leftoversaregiventothevillagechildrentofeedtheswans.

It'

sfunforthekidsandprovides

anextraenergyboostforthebirdsastheyfaceanothercoldnight.

Theswanshavebeenusingthisshelteredbay

atasawinterrefugeformanygenerations.

Aslongasthetraditionofrespectfornaturepersists,

thisremarkableassociationbetweentheYandunJiaocommunity

andtheirwinterangelslookssettocontinue.

OutintheBohaiGulf,northeastoftheswanvillage,

asmallrockyislandprovidesaquietrestingspotformigratingbirds.

ButShedaoIslandhashiddendangers.

Pallas'

pitviperstrappedhere6,000yearsagobyrisingsealevels

haveevolvedasinisterlifestyle.

For10monthsoftheyear

thereisnothingsubstantialtoeatontheisland,

sothereptilesconservetheirenergybybarelymovingatall.

（BIRDSCAWING）

Asthesunwarmstheirrockyhome,

thesnakesclimbupintothebushesandtrees.

Buttheyaren'

theretosunbathe.

Moreandmorevipersappear

untilvirtuallyeveryperchwhereabirdmightland

hasbeenbooby-trapped.

Thenthewaitinggamebegins.

Theserpents'

camouflageisremarkable,

butsoarethebirds'

reactions,

asthishigh-speedshotreveals.

Thebirdswillonlystayontheislandforacoupleofweeks.

Butalthoughthesnakeshavebeenstarvingformonths,

theironlyhopeofbaggingamealistobepatient

andsittight.

Theslightestmiscalculation

andthesnakeisleftwithamouthfuloffeathers.

Thedroppedmealistrackeddownmainlybysmell,

theviperusingitsforkedtongue

totastetheairuntilitiscloseenoughtoseeitsquarry.

Thefinalchallengeistoswallowamealthat'

stwicethesizeofitshead.

Itdoessobydislocatingitsjawsandpositioningitsprey

sothebeakispointingbackwards.

Forthereptiles,thistimeofplentyisalltoobrief.

Inacoupleofweeks,themigrationwillbeover

andthebirdswillhavemovedon.

Thiscouldbethesnake'

slastmealforsixmonths.

Butitisn'

tjustislands

thatexperiencecyclesoffeastandfamine.

Thesea,too,hasitsseasons,

afactwellknowntofishingcommunitiesalongtheneighbouringcoasts.

InChuwangharbour,

thestartofanewfishingseasonprovidestheexcuseforamassiveparty.

ButforboatownerMrZhao,

it'

sadayofprayeraswellascelebration.

Zhaohopesthatbypresentinggiftsandshowingrespecttotheseagoddess,

hecanhelpensureaprosperousandsafeyearahead

forhimandhiscrew.

Meanwhile,drums,firecrackersandfireworksreflecttheancientbelief

thatloudnoiseswillfrightenoffdangerousseadevilsandbadfortune.

Occupyingcentrestageisarepresentationoftheseadragon,

mythicalrulerofwaterandweather.

Inthecalmoftheevening,

MrZhaoandhisfamilylightpaperboatlanterns.

Eachflickeringflamecarriesawishtotheseagoddess,

atraditionpassedonfromparentstochildrenovercountlessgenerations.

OnChina'

scrowdedcoasts,

fishermenneedtobeextremelyresourceful.

Haulinginthenetsishardwork,

andsofarthere'

snotafishinsight.

Onlyjellyfish.

Eachyear,millionsofjellyfish

arecarriedsouthwiththecurrentsintheBohaiGulf.

Theecologicalstorybehindthiseventiscomplex,

butbynomeansuniquetoChina.

Jellyfisharefast-breedingplanktonfeeders.

Inrecentyears,humansewageandfertilisersfromintensivefarming

haveincreasedplanktonbloomsintheGulf,

providingextrajellyfishfood.

Whileover-fishinghasreducedtheirenemiesandcompetitors.

saphenomenonthathasbecomeincreasinglywidespread

acrosstheworld'

sseas.

However,whatisseenelsewhereasaproblem,

inChinaisperceivedasanopportunity.

Backonshore,

mulecartstransportthejellyfishtonearbywarehouses

wheretheywillbeprocessedandsoldasfoodalloverChina.

Fourgenerationstuckintoabowlofslicedjellyfish,

therecipeforalongandhealthylife.

LeavingtheBohaiGulfbehind,

migratingcranes,

spoonbillsandducksarejoinedbyotherbirds,

allheadingsouthinsearchofasafewinterhaven.

Thebirds'

migrationroutefollowsthecoastoftheYellowSea

downintoJiangsuProvince,

afertileagriculturallandscape

withsomeofthelastremainingsaltmarshesinChina.

AtDafeng,

asmallsaltmarshreserveishometoananimalwhichisluckytobealive.

TheChineseseetheseMiluasacuriouscompositeanimal,

withahorse'

shead,

cow'

sfeet,

ataillikeadonkey

andbackwards-facingantlers.

IntheWest,weknowitasP鑢eDavid'

sDeer,

afterthefirstEuropeantodescribeit.

Duringtherut,

stagsdecoratethemselveswithgarlandsofvegetation

collectedintheirantlers.

Fiercebattlesdecidematingrights.

Thefemalesstillhavelastyear'

sfawnsintow.

Theyhaven'

tbeenweanedbythetimeoftherut

andbandtogetherinlargecr鑓hes,

onlyreturningtotheirmotherstofeed.

Thisuniquebehaviourhelpstokeepthemclearoftheaggressivemales.

Today,therearejust2,500MiluinChina,

butitisremarkablethatthereareanyatall.

Intheearly1900sMilubecameextinctinthewild,

butluckily,someoftheImperialherdhadbeensentasagifttoEurope.

ThoseatWoburnAbbey,inEngland,prospered.

Andintheearly1980s,40ofthedeerwerereturnedtotheirhomeland

wheretheycontinuetothrive.

Themigratingcraneshavesofartravelled

over2,000kilometressouthwardsalongthecoast.

PassingtheMiluDeerReserveatDafeng,

theyareapproachinganothersaltmarsh

whichwillprovidetheperfectconditionsforthemtospendthewinter.

ThisisYancheng,thelargestcoastalwetlandinChina,

visitedbyanestimatedthreemillionbirdseachyear.

（SQUAWKING）

Cranechicksthatwereonlybornsevenmonthsago

havenowcompletedthefirstlegofaroundtrip

whichthey