各种时态的被动语态Word下载.docx
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Thebridgeisbeingrepaired.桥梁正在修复中。
Thenewlibraryisbeingbuiltbytheworkers.新的图书馆正在被工人们建设中。
8.过去进行时的被动语态构成:
(was/werebeingdone)如:
AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.我在时,会议在开着。
Thecollegewasbeingbuiltatthistimelastyear.去年这个时候这所大学正在建设中。
二、被动语态的用法:
1.强调动作的承受者(有时用by短语来强调动作的执行者):
XiaoLiwasmademonitoroftheclass.小李被选为班长。
第1页共8页
Thisworkmustbedonebyyou,andnotbyme.这件工作必须由你做,而不是我来做。
2.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者:
Hisbikewasstolenlastnight.他的自行车昨晚被人偷走了。
Everyyearalotospeoplearekilledinthetrafficaccidents.
每年都有许多人死于交通事故。
3.为了表示委婉或礼貌,避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己:
Everybodyisexpectedtoobeythefollowingrules.希望大家遵守以下规定。
YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat8:
00p.m.tomorrow.敬请您明天晚上8:
00光临我们的英语晚会。
4.动作的执行者是无生命的事物:
Thehousewasstruckbylightning.那房子被闪电所击中。
Thefamousmuseumwaspracticallyruinedbythebigfire.
大火使这家著名的博物馆几乎全部毁坏。
5.使句子连接自然或更加简洁、匀称。
TheoldprofessorgavealectureonAmericanhisotryandwaswellreceived.这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座,受到大家的热烈欢迎。
Thebookwhichhadbeenlostwasfoundandwasreturnedtothelibrary.
那本丢失的书找到后被还回到图书馆。
三、特殊情况下的被动语态:
1.带情态动词的被动结构,其形式为:
情态动词+be+过去分词,如:
Thismustbekeptinmind.我们必须把这个记在心里。
Ioughttobecriticizedforit.我应该为此受到批评.
2.带双宾语的被动结构,习惯上把间宾提前,也可把直宾提前,但不要遗漏介词:
IwasgivenatoyatChristmas.或AtoywasgiventomeatChristmas.
父亲在圣诞节送我一个玩具。
Hewasofferedsomeassistance.或Someassistancewasofferedtohim.
他们向他提供一些帮助。
3.带复合宾语的被动结构,只将宾语提前,宾补不动(但make,see,hear等宾补省略的to,
变被动结构时要加to)。
Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.男孩被看到正在吸烟。
Theyweremadetoworkdayandnight.他们被迫黑天白天得工作。
四、被动语态与系表结构的区别:
被动语态与系表结构都是由“be+过去分词”来构成,其区别如下:
1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。
Theglassisbroken.玻璃杯碎了。
(系表结构)
Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。
(被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
Thedoorislocked.门锁上了。
Thedoorhasalready/justbeenlocked.门已经被锁上了。
3.被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,还可以用于进行或将来时态,而系表结构中的系动词be
只有一般时态和完成时态。
Themachineisbeingrepaired.正在修理机器。
Anewschoolwillbebuilthere.将在这里建一所新学校。
被动语态练习题:
I.主动语态和被动语态互变:
1.Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrow'
smeeting.
2.Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.
3.Youcanhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.
4.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.
5.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.
6.Iwasmadeanewdressbyaunt./Anewdresswasmadeformebyaunt.
7.Apicturewasboughtforme.
8.Hewasheardtosinginhisroomjustnow.
9.Anewpublicschoolwillbesetuphere.
10.Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.
II.用下列动词的被动语态形式填空
1.Manytrees_______________(plant)inChinaeveryyear,buttheyarestillnotenough.
2.TheGreatWall___________________(build)thousandsofyearsago.
3.Youhavetobe18yearsoldbeforeyou___________________(allow)todriveacar.
4.Nowmanydifficultanddangerouskindsofwork___________(cando)by
robotsinfactories.
5.Itissaidthatmoregoodteachers________(send)totheruralareasinXinxiangnextyear.
6.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish__________________(mustnotthrow)intotheriver.
7.Theproblem___________________(discuss)atthemeetingnow.
8._____________Werethesemachines________________(invent)edbyEdison?
9.English__________________(speak)bymostpeopleintheUSA.
10.Ways___________already__________________(find)tomakewastewaterclean.
III.单选:
1.HearrivedinBeijing,wherehe_____hisfriend.
A.wasmetby
B.wasmet
C.wasmeeting
D.metby
2.Themistakesintheexerciseswill______theteacher.
A.cross
B.becrossing
C.becrossedby
D.crossby
3.MysisterandIhave______herbirthdayparty.
A.beeninvited
B.beeninvitedfor
C.invitedto
D.beeninvitedto
4.It______inthisway.
A.ishadtodo
B.ishadtobedone
C.hadtobedone
D.hastodo
5.Maryrealizedshe______.
A.wasmakingfunof
B.wasmadefun
C.wasbeingmadefunof
D.wasbeingmadefun
6.Greatchanges______inourprovince.Manytallbuildings______.
A.havetakenplace,havebeensetup
B.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup
C.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup
D.weretakenplace,weresetup
7.Thenewhallisthetallestbuildinginthistown.______fromhere?
A.Canitsee
B.Canitbeseen
C.Canitseen
D.Cansee
8.Someofthehotelsinmyhometown______.
A.havenowbeenrebuilding
B.arenowrebuilding
C.arenowbeingrebuilt
D.arerebuiltnow
9.Ipromisethatthematterwill______.
A.betakencare
B.betakencareof
C.takecare
D.takecareof
10.Bob______toamedicalschoolin1990andhe_______adoctorsevenyearslater.
A.sent;
become
B.wassent;
became
C.sent;
wasbecoming
D.wassent;
hasbecome
11.Becauseoftherain,thefootballmatch_______.
A.hasbeenputtingoff
B.hasputoff
C.putoff
D.hasbeenputoff
12.Thepolicefoundthatthehouse______andalotofthings______.
A.hasbrokeninto;
hasbeenstolen
B.hadbrokeninto;
hadbeenstolen
C.hasbeenbrokeninto;
stolen
D.hadbeenbrokeninto;
13.---Haveyoumovedintothehouse?
---Notyet.Therooms_____.
A.arebeingpainted
B.arepainting
C.arepainted
D.arebeingpainting
14.Thecomputer,______boughtinthenewshopyesterday,willbesenttoyouasapresent.
A.thatwas
B.whichis
C.whichwas
D.thathasbeen
15.Ineedonemorestamp,beforemycollection______.
A.hascomleted
B.comletes
C.hasbeencomleted
D.iscomleted
16.---______thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.---Yes,italldependontheweather.
A.I’vebeentold
B.I’vetold
C.I’mtold
D.Itold
17.Flowersmust_____welleveryday.
A.bewatered
B.water
C.watered
D.bewater
18.Thevegetablesdidn’ttasteverygood.They______toolong.
A.hadbeencooked
B.werecooked
C.havecooked
D.cooked
19.Withthedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnology______tothefieldofIT.
A.hasintroduced
B.isbeingintroduced
C.isintroduced
D.wasintroduced
20.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday_____yet.
A.arenotdecided
B.havenotbeendecided
C.isnotbeingdecided
D.hasnotbeendecided
一般将来时态的被动语态
一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成:
1.一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为:
shall/will+be+done。
(shall用于第一人称;
will用于各种人称)如:
Weshallbepunishedifwebreaktherule.
如果我们违反规定,我们将要受到惩罚。
ThenewfilmwillbeshownnextThursday.
这部新电影将在下周四上映。
2.一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为:
shall/will+not+be+done.(可缩写成shan’t或won’t)如:
Themeetingwon’tbeheldtomorrow.
明天不再举行会议。
Theexhibitionwon’tbeputofftillnextweek.
展览会将不会推迟到下周。
3.一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将shall/will提到主语的前面。
(回答用yes或no)如:
Won’twaterbeturnedintoice,ititisbelwofreezing?
如果气温在冰点之下,水难道不会变成冰吗?
---Willtheworkbefinishedatonce?
---Yes,itwill.
---这项工作会立刻被完成吗?
---是的,立刻就完成。
4.一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:
疑问词+shall/will+S+be+done。
如:
Whenwillthesebooksbepublished?
这些书将在什么时候被出版?
Whomwillthisbookbewrittenby?
谁来写这本书?
二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成:
1.begoingtobedone
Someoldbuildingsaregoingtobeputdown.
一些旧的楼房将被推倒。
Theproblemisn’tgoingtobediscussedatthemeetingtomorrow.
这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。
---Arethesetreesgoingtobecutdown?
---Yes,theyare.
---这些树将被砍倒吗?
---是的,将被砍倒
2.betobedone
ThesportsmeetistobeheldonApril10.
运动会将于四月十日举行。
Themachinesarenottoberepairedtonight.
今晚将不会修理这些机器。
---Arenewtextbookstobepublishednextweek?
---No,theyaren’t.
新教科书将在下周出版吗?
不,不是。
三、一般将来时态的被动语态的用法:
1.一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样,强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
AlotofathleteswillbeinvitedtoBeijing.
好多运动员将被邀请到北京来。
2.在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。
Whenthedamiscompleted,theChangjiangRiverwillbecontrolled.
当大坝竣工时,长江将得到控制。
IfIamgivenenoughtime,IwillgotoJapanformyholiday.
如果我有足够的时间,我将去日本度假。
3.表示有固定性条件就有规律性被动结果。
Heatedto100·
c,waterwillbeturnedintosteam.
加热到100度时,水将会变成蒸气。
Ifyouspeakinclass,youwillbepunished.
如果你在课堂上讲话,你将会被惩罚。
I.单选:
1.Thesefilms______untiltomorrowmorning.
A.can'
tdevelop
B.aren'
tdeveloping
C.won'
tbedeveloped
D.won'
2.Hundredsofjobs______ifthefactorycloses.
A.lose
B.willbelost
C.arelost
D.willlose
3.—Apartyisgoingto______tonight.Wouldyouliketogowithme?
—I’dliketo,butIhavetolookaftermysickmother.
A.organize
B.havebeenorganized
C.beorganizing
D.beorganized
4.Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures______.
A.willbetaken
B.aretaken
C.weretaken
D.hadbeentaken