考研英语第24套题Word格式文档下载.docx

考研英语第24套题Word格式文档下载.docx

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Onlinetherapyisdangerous,criticssay.Quackscouldsetupshopandscamcustomers.Discontentswhoarelookingforaquickfixcouldscoredrugswithasimplemouseclick.Theentirementalhealthindustrymaydegenerateintoamess.

AtaCapitolHillnewsconferencelastweek,acoalitionofmedicalpractitionersandpatientadvocatesreleasedasetofguidelinestokeepthatfromhappeningbeforethegovernmentgetsachancetostepinanddoitforthem.Butcriticssaythosestandardsmightnotbeenough,andwarnthatmixingprofessionalcounselingwiththeInternetisapotentiallyvolatilesituationthatthegovernmentisnotlikelytoignore.

Theguidelines—theeHealthCodeofEthics—aren’trevolutionary.They’revoluntaryrulesdrawnupbytheInternetHealthcareCoalitionthatasktheplayersinthisfield（andintheelectronichealthfieldingeneral）tostaythecourseandfollowasetofstandardsthatsomesitessaytheywerealreadyfollowing.

GunnyCho,CEOoftheonlinetherapysiteH,saidhiscompanywasalreadyadheringtotheguidelinessuggestedinthenewcode.“Weweretakingthehighestofthehighmoralground,”hesaid.ChosaidmostofthepeoplewhouseStanfordUniversity-backedHere2listen’sfee-based,real-timechatservicearelookingforhelpwithpersonalrelationshipsandlife’sstresses.Noneofthemwillbehookedupwithdrugs,hesaid,becauseHere2listen’sshrinksaretheretolisten,notprescribe.

Psychology-ethicsexpertThomasNagyiswaryofhowhisfieldisembracingtheInternetasaclinicalmedium.TheassistantclinicalprofessoratStanfordMedicalSchool’sDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralSciences,whomaintainsaprivatepracticeasapsychologistinPaloAlto,saysonlinetherapyisrifewithrisks.“There’snotrainingorresearchinInternettherapy,andthere’snodefinitionofwhatitis,”hesaid.Hesaidface-to-facecounseling,oratleasttelephonictherapy,isalwayssuperiortoonlinetherapy.“Withwordsonascreenyouhavesuchanarrowbandwidthofemotionalovertones,”hesaid.“Iwouldalwaysarguefortelephoneconsultationinsteadofemailtherapy.Ithinkthere’ssomuchmoreinformationavailable,youcanatleasttellsomethingabout（apatient’s）emotionaltone.”

GlennMarron,apsychologistwhomaintainsaprivatepracticeinNewYorkandonceservedasconsultanttothegovernment,agreedthattheindustryismovingquickerthanitshould.“Ithinkthere’snoquestionthatultimatelythisindeedisgoingtobeoneofthemainformatsformentalhealth,”shesaid.“Thetechnologyisfarmoreadvancedthantheinfrastructureandguidelineswehave.”［458words］

1.Onlinetherapyiscriticizedfor.

［A］givingpotentiallyharmfuladvicetothecustomers

［B］sellingdrugstohelpapersontocommitsuicide

［C］thedisclosureofpatients’informationwithoutpermission

［D］thelackofsystematictrainingandresearchsupport

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatonlinetherapyguidelines.

［A］revealthefirmpositionoftheethicscommittee

［B］arecompulsoryrequirementsforthetherapysites

［C］willresultinnoradicalchangeinthepresentsituation

［D］preventtheneedforgovernment-imposedregulationinthefuture

3.Theword“shrinks”（Line5,Paragraph4）mostprobablyrefersto.

［A］psychiatrists［B］patients［C］customers［D］critics

4.ThomasNagyprefersface-to-facetherapybecause.

［A］clinicaldoctorsaremorepassionateforpatientcare

［B］signsofpatientsareinvisibletoatherapistviaemail

［C］itisabetterwaytoaddressmentalhealthproblems

［D］itavoidstheconstraintsofonlinediagnosisandtreatment

5.Whichofthefollowinggroupismostlikelytosupportinternettherapy?

［A］medicalpractitioners.［B］psychologicalexperts.

［C］thegovernment.［D］networkcompanies.

Text207.6剩余

Therealheroineofthenovelstandsatoneremovetothenarrative.Onthefaceofit,readersaremorelikelytoempathizewith,andbecuriousabout,themysteriousandresourcefulslave,Sarah,whoformsonepointofanemotionaltriangle.SarahisthepropertyofManon,andcamewithhertoafailingLouisianasugarplantationonhermarriagetothegood-for-nothing,bullyingowner.ButManon’shusbandissoonstruckbySarah,andtheproofliesintheiridiotsmallson,Walter.

However,thereaderisforcedtoseethingsthroughManon’seyes,notSarah’s,andherconsciousnessisnotacomfortableplacetobe.Neverapleaseorathankyoupassesherlipswhentalkingtoslaves,thoughmannersistheorderofthedayinwhitesociety.Manonisenormouslyattractedbyinter-racialmarriage（fortheplaceandtime—theearly19thcentury—suchaconcernwouldnotbeunusual,butinhercaseitseemspathological）.Walter,with“hisfather’scurlyredhairandgreeneyes,hismother’sgoldenskin,herfull,pushing-forwardlips”,istheobjectofherespecialhatred,butshechattersonaboutallthe“dreadfulmixed-blooded”,theobjectionable“yellow”people.

BeyondManon’spolarizedvision,weglimpse“freenegros”andtheemergingblackmiddle-class.ToManon’sdisgust,suchpeopleactuallyhaveself-respect.InNewOrleansbuyingshoes,Manonistakenabackbytheshopkeeper’slackofdesiredrespect.MixedraceprostitutesacquiredtheaffectionsofmaleplantersbygivingthemsomethingmysterioustheirwivescannotoftenWhatthatmightbe,andwhywivescan’tofferittoo,arequestionsManoncan’tevenask,letaloneanswer.

ThefirstthirdofthebookexplorestheuneasyandunsustainablepeacebetweenManon,Sarahandthemanalwayscalledjust“myhusband”or“he”.Againstthebackgroundofviolentslaverevoltsandequallysavagerevenges,it’sclearthepeacecannotlast.It’spartofthesubtletyofthisbookthatasthestorydevelopsandtheinevitableexplosionoccurs,ourviewofallthecharactersswiftlychanges.SarahturnsouttodeserveallthesuspicionManondirectsather;

atthepointofdeathManon’shusbanddisplaysanadmirabletoughnessandcourage;

andManonherselfwinsthereader’sreluctantadmirationforherbravery,herendurance,andhertotallackofself-pity.

Perhapsthecruelestaspectofthissocietyisthewayitbreaksdownanddistortsfamilyaffections.Aslave’sbabyisusuallysoldsoonafterbirth;

Sarah’swould-behusband,ifhewantsher,mustbuyher;

andManonherself,afterall,isonlythepropertyofherhusband.［464words］

6.WhichofthefollowingreflectsManon’sattitudetowardscoloredpeople?

［A］Sympathetic.［B］Suspicious.［C］Concerned.［D］Disgusted.

7.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthenoveliswritten.

［A］withamobilepointofview［B］withalimitedthirdpersonsingular

［C］fromManon’sperspective［D］fromSarah’seyeasaslave

8.AccordingtoManon,blackpeopleshould.

［A］emergeasfreemiddleclasscitizens［B］behavesubmissivelytowardsthewhites

［C］haveself-respectinthemixedracemarriage［D］learntooffermoreaffectiontotheirwives

9.Welearnthatasthestorydevelops.

［A］readerswillthinkdifferentlyofallthecharacters

［B］Manon’shusbandwillwinbackheradmiration

［C］theemotionalcrisiswillbeswiftlyresolved

［D］allthesuspicionwillbeprovedagainstSarah

10.Fromthetextwelearnthat.

［A］Manon’shusbandisanamelessbutbullyingperson

［B］Manonistherealheroinewhodeservesreaders’sympathy

［C］SarahisinfactsmarterthanhermasterManon

［D］Walterisaproofofthemixedraceprostitution

Text306.8

Instudyingboththerecurrenceofspecialhabitsorideasinseveraldistricts,andtheirprevalencewithineachdistrict,therecomebeforeusever-reiteratedproofsofregularcausationproducingthephenomenaofhumanlife,andoflawsofmaintenanceanddiffusionconditionsofsociety,atdefinitestagesofculture.But,whilegivingfullimportancetotheevidencebearingonthesestandardconditionsofsociety,letusbecarefultoavoidapitfallwhichmayentraptheunwarystudent.Ofcourse,theopinionsandhabitsbelongingincommontomassesofmankindaretoagreatextenttheresultsofsoundjudgmentandpracticalwisdom.Buttoagreatextentitisnotso.

Thatmanynumeroussocietiesofmenshouldhavebelievedintheinfluenceoftheevileyeandtheexistenceofafirmament,shouldhavesacrificedslavesandgoodstotheghostsofthedeparted,shouldhavehandeddowntraditionsofgiantsslayingmonstersandmenturningintobeasts—allthisisgroundforholdingthatsuchideaswereindeedproducedinmen’smindsbyefficientcauses,butitisnotgroundforholdingthattheritesinquestionareprofitable,thebeliefssound,andthehistoryauthentic.Thismayseematthefirstglanceatruism,but,infact,itisthedenialofafallacywhichdeeplyaffectsthemindsofallbutasmallcriticalminorityofmankind.Popularly,whateverybodysaysmustbetrue,whateverybodydoesmustberight.

Therearevarioustopics,especiallyinhistory,law,philosophy,andtheology,whereeventheeducatedpeopleweliveamongcanhardlybebroughttoseethatthecausewhymendoholdanopinion,orpractiseacustom,isbynomeansnecessarilyareasonwhytheyoughttodoso.Nowcollectionsofethnographicevidence,bringingsoprominentlyintoviewtheagreementofimmensemultitudesofmenastocertaintraditions,beliefs,andusages,arepeculiarlyliabletobethusimproperlyusedindirectdefenseoftheseinstitutionsthemselves,evenoldbarbaricnationsbeingpolledtomaintaintheiropinionsagainstwhatarecalledmodernideas.

Asithasmorethanoncehappenedtomy