自考国际商务英语课件精要.pptx

自考国际商务英语课件精要.pptx

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,InternationalBusinessEnglish,LESSONONEInternationalBusiness,1,BusinessKnowledge,e,Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionbetweenpartiesfromdifferentcountries.（sometimesbusinessacrossthebordersofdifferentcustomsareasofthesamecountryisalsoregardedasimportandexport,suchasbusinessbetweenHongKongandTaiwan）Majordifferencesbetweeninternationalbusinessanddomesticbusiness:

1.differencesinlegalsystem2.differencesincurrencies3.differencesinculturalbackground4.differencesinnaturalandeconomicconditionsmajortypesofinternationalbusiness1.trade:

commoditytrade/visibletradeservicetrade/invisibletrad2.investment:

FDI（foreigndirectinvestment）portfolioinvestment3.othertypes:

licensingandfranchisingmanagementcontractandcontractmanufacturingturnkeyprojectandBOT,2,BusinessKnowledge,Case假设美国的Anheuser-Busch公司（简称A-B）想把它的百威啤酒卖到加拿大，它有三种方式可以选择：

在美国酿造，出口到加拿大在加拿大建立自己的生产子公司授权加拿大的一家啤酒厂，在加拿大酿造和销售百威啤酒1.-直接出口2.-对外直接投资3.-特许经营,3,Tradeterm,FDIismadeforreturnsthroughcontrollingtheenterprisesorassetsinvestedininahostcountry.GDP（grossdomesticproduct）measuresthemarketvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy.BOT:

Bstandsforbuild,OforoperateandTfortransfer.BOTisapopularvariantoftheturnkeyproject.ForaBOTproject,afirmoperateafacilityforaperiodoftimeafterbuildingitupbeforefinallytransferringittoaforeigncompany.patent5.copyrigh6.valuechain:

thechainofactivitiesbywhichacompanybuysinmaterials,createsagoodorservice,marketsit,andprovidesservicesafterasaleismade.Eachstepcreatesmorevaluefortheconsumer.7.Franchising,（TextP13Ex2/ReferenceP10,P15E1-4）,4,Translation（R-P16）,国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而比国内贸易要复杂得多。

他们在法制体系、货币、文化和自然条件与经济条件方面都有所不同Internationalbusinessreferstotransactionbetweenpartiesfromdifferentcountries.Itinvolvesmorefactorsandthusismorecomplicatedthandomesticbusiness.Theyarequitedifferentinlegalsystems,currency,culturalandnaturalandeconomicconditions.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,invisibletradeaccountsforanincreasingproportionoftheworldtradeeveninthedevelopingcountries.BOT是“交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形式BOTisapopularvariantoftheturnkeyproject,5,InternationalBusinessEnglish,LESSONTWOIncomelevelandtheworldmarket,6,BusinessKnowledge,GNPandGDParetwoimportantconceptsusedtoindicateacountrystotalincome.GNP（grossnationalproduct）referstothemarketvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbythepropertyandlaborownedbytheresidentsofaneconomy.（国民原则）.GDPmeasuresthemarketvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy（国土原则）.Themajordifferencebetweenthemisthattheformerfocusesonownershipofthefactorsofproductionwhilethelatterconcentratesontheplacewhereproductiontakesplace;theformerstressestheincomegeneratedbyturningouttheproductswhilethelatter,thevalueoftheproductsthemselves.Andwecanusetheminterchangeable.PercapitaincomeandpercapitaGDPPercapitaincomeiscalculatedbydividingitsnationalincomebyitspopulation.percapitaGDPiscalculatedbydividingitstotalGDPbyitspopulation.PercapitaGDPrevealstheaverageincomelevelofconsumers,whichisimportantwhenmarketingconsumerdurables.,7,BusinessKnowledge,CountriesoftheworldaredividedbytheWorldBankintothreecategoriesofhigh-income,middle-incomeandlow-incomeeconomies.Standardsforclassification:

High-incomecountriesrefertothosewithannualpercapitaincomeof$9386andabove,e.g.theUnitedStates.Middle-incomecountriesrefertothosewithannualpercapitaincomeofbelow$9386butabove$765,e.g.Greece.Low-incomecountriesrefertothosewithannualpercapitaincomeofonly$765orbelow,e.g.mostAfricancountriesPPP（purchasingpowerparity）购买力平价:

paritybetweentwocurrenciesatarateofexchangethatwillgiveeachcurrencyexactlythesamepurchasingpowerinitsowneconomy.Representativecountires:

OECDstandsforOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment.Anorganizationthatactsasameetinggroundfor30countrieswhichbelievestronglyinthefreemarketsystem.TheOECDprovidesaforumfordiscussingissuesandreachingagreements,someofwhicharelegallybinding.,8,BusinessKnowledge,Highincomecountriesareimportanttotradeandinvestment:

Becausehigh-incomecountriesoftenhavegoodinfrastructure,highpurchasingpower,advancedtechnology,efficientmanagement,andfavorableenvironmentfortradeandinvestment.Theyofferprimemarketsforexpensiveconsumergoodsandbothattractivesourcesanddestinationsofinvestment.Butlowerincomecountriesshouldnotbeneglectedininternationalbusinessactivities,becausetheyconstitutemarketsforlower-pricedstaplegoods,providecheaplaborandareoftenrichinresources.W