职称英语综合类B级真题阅读理解Word格式.docx

职称英语综合类B级真题阅读理解Word格式.docx

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　　Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

　　Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

　　Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas“shadegrown“and“birdfriendly.Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe”repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit”sworthit.

　　31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.

　　B.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.

　　C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.

　　D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.

　　32.Thefunctionoftheword“Traditionally“inParagraph2istoshow_____.

　　A.thepositiveeffectsofcoffee.

　　B.achangeofcoffeegrowth.

　　C.somethingthatisthemostimportant.

　　D.howcoffeeproductionusedtobe.

　　33.Whatdoesincreasedproductionoffull-suncoffeebringabout?

　　A.Moreinsects.

　　B.Betterqualitycoffee.

　　C.Largerfarms.

　　D.Higherprofits.

　　34.Howdofarmersfindmorelandforgrowingfull-suncoffee?

　　A.Theybuymorelandfromotherfarmers.

　　B.Theycutdowntrees.

　　C.Theymovetoanothercountry.

　　D.Theyturngrasslandintofarmland.

　　35.Thefull-sunmethodmayaffectthefollowingEXCEPT_____fullsun

　　A.insects.

　　B.air.

　　C.birds

　　D.humans

其次篇WashoeLearnedAmericanSignLanguage

　　Ananimalthatinfluencedscientificthoughthasdied.AchimpanzeenamedWashoeandborninAfricadiedofnaturalcauseslatelastmonthattheageof42ataresearchcenterintheAmericanstateofWashington.WashoehadbecomeknowninthescientificcommunityandaroundtheworldforherabilitytouseAmericanSignLanguage.Shewassaidtobethefirstnon-humantolearnahumanlanguage.Herskillsalsoledtodebateaboutprimatesandtheirabilitytounderstandlanguage.

　　ResearchscientistsAllenandBeatrixGardnerbeganteachingWashoesignlanguagein1966.In1969,theGardnersdescribedWashoe”sprogressinascientificreport.ThepeoplewhoexperimentedwithWashoesaidshegrewtounderstandabout250words.Forexample,Washoemadesignstocommunicatewhenitwastimetoeat.Shecouldrequestfoodslikeapplesandbananas.Shealsoaskedquestionslike,“Whoiscomingtoplay?

“OncethenewsaboutWashoespread,manylanguagescientistsbeganstudiesoftheirownintothisnewandexcitingareaofresearch.Thewholedirectionofprimateresearchchanged.

　　However,criticsarguedWashoeonlylearnedtorepeatsignlanguagemovementsfromwatchingherteachers.Theysaidshehadneverdevelopedtruelanguageskills.Evennow,therearesomeresearcherswhosuggestthatprimateslearnsignlanguageonlybymemory,andperformthesignsonlyforprizes.YetWashoe”skeepersdisagree.RogerFoutsisaformerstudentoftheGardeners.HetookWashoetoaresearchcenterinEllensburg,Washington.There,Washoetaughtsignlanguagetothreeyoungerchimpanzees,whicharestillalive.

　　ScientistslikeprivateresearcherJaneGoodallbelieveWashoerprovidednewinformationaboutthementalworkingsofchimpanzees.Today,therearenotasmanyscientistsstudyinglanguageskillswithchimps.Partofthereasonisthatthiskindofresearchtakesaverylongtime.

　　Debatecontinuesaboutchimpsunderstandingofhumancommunication.Yet,onethingissure-Washoechangedpopularideasaboutthepossibilitiesofanimalintelligence

　　36.TheGardeners’experimentwithWashoe_____.

　　A.beganin1969

　　B.wonabigprize

　　C.lastedthreeyears

　　D.influencedprimateresearch

　　37.Thesecondparagraphmainlydiscusses_____.

　　A.areportaboutWashoe’sprogressinlearningsignlanguage

　　B.thewholedirectionofprimateresearch

　　C.newprimateresearchesconductedbymanylanguagescientific

　　D.anexperimentwithWashoeataresearchcenterinAfrica.

　　38.TheGardeners’experimentwithWashoewascriticizedbecause______.

　　A.justasksomesimplequestion

　　B.onlycopyteachers’signlanguage

　　C.onlymemorizeabout250words

　　D.justrepeatshortsentences.

　　39.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

　　A.RogerFoutstaughtsignlanguagetothreeyoungerchimpanzees.

　　B.WashoewasthefirstchimptouseAmericanSignLanguage

　　C.AchimpanzeediedofnaturalcausesinAfricaataresearchcenter

　　D.Nowadaystherearestilllotsofscientistsexperimentingwithchimpanzees

　　40.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthelastparagraphthat_____.

　　A.Whetherchimpscanlearnahumanlanguageremainsunanswered

　　B.primatehavetheabilitytospeakalanguage

　　C.animalscannotlearnahumansign

　　D.Washoeisasintelligentashumans

第三篇ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland

　　AmoderateearthquakestruckpartsofsoutheastEnglandon28April2022,topplingchimneysfromhousesandrousingresidentsfromtheirbeds.SeveralthousandpeoplewereleftwithoutpowerinKentCounty.Onewomansufferedminorheadandneckinjuries.

　　“Itfeltasifthewholehousewasbeingslidacrosslikeafun-fairride,“saidthewoman.

　　TheBritishGeologicalSurveysaidthe4.3-magnitudequakestruckat8:

19a.m.andwascenteredundertheEnglishChannel,about8.5milessouthofDoverandneartheentrancetotheChannelTunnel.

　　Witnessessaidcracksappearedinwallsandchimneyscollapsedacrossthecounty.Residentssaidthetremorhadlastedforabout10to15seconds.

　　“Iwaslyinginbedanditfeltasifsomeonehadjustgotupfrombednexttome.“saidHendrickvanEck,27,ofCanterburyabout60milessoutheastofLondon.“Ithenheardthesoundofcracking,anditwasgettingheavierandheavier.Itfeltasifsomeonewasattheendofmybedhoppingupanddown.“

　　Therearethousandsofmoderatequakesonthisscalearoundtheworldeachyear,buttheyarerareinBritain.TheApril28quakewasthestrongestinBritainsince2022whena4.8-magnitudequakestruckthecentralEnglandcityofBirmingham.

　　Thecountry”sstrongestearthquaketookplaceintheNorthSeain1931,measuring6.1ontheRichterscale.BritishGeologicalSurveyscientistRogerMussonsaidthequaketookplaceon28AprilinanareathathadseenseveralofthebiggestearthquakesevertostrikeBritain,includingonein1580thatcauseddamageinLondonandwasfeltinFrance.MussonpredictedthatitwasonlyamatteroftimebeforeanotherearthquakestruckthispartofEngland.However,peopleshouldnotbescaredtoomuchbythisprediction,Mussonsaid,asthemodernearthquakewarningsystemofBritainshouldbeabletodetectaforthcomingquakeandannounceitseveralhoursbeforeittakesplace.Thiswouldallowtimeforpeopletoevacuateandreducedamagetotheminimum.

　　41.ThebiggestearthquaketookplaceinBritain_____.

　　Ain1931

　　Bin1580

　　Cin2022

　　Din2022

　　42.Theword“collapsed”inparagraph4mostprobablymeans_____.

　　A.Fellapart

　　B.Flewoff

　　C.Shookup

　　D.Blewout

　　43.Thephrase“thisscale”inparagraph6refersto_____.

　　A.4.8-magnitudequake

　　B.4.3-magnitudequake

　　C.5.8ontheRicherscale

　　D6.1ontheRicherscale

　　44.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueExcept____.

　　A.thequakecausedapowerfailureinKentCountry

　　B.thetremorlastedfor10-15seconds.

　　C.peopleinCanterburyfeltstrongquake

　　D.thequakewascenteredundertheChannelTunnel.

　　45.Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthat____.

　　A.moderateearthquakesoftenstrikeLondoninthehistory

　　B.earthquakewarmingsystemofBritaincanpredicttheforthcomingquake

　　C.anotherearthquakeispredictedtooccurinEngland

　　D.theFrenchalsofelttheearthquaketakingplaceon28,April