城区公开课如何写议论文的summary.ppt

城区公开课如何写议论文的summary.ppt

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,Task-writingHowtowritethesummaryofanarguementation,如何写议论文的概括段,Step1,读写任务概括段的命题特点与要求,即概括给出材料文章的主旨,要用自己的话用30个字左右（26-38）“改写”给出文章的主要内容，不能直接照抄原文中的句子，也不能增加与原文无关的信息.,概括段的评分标准,概括（满分5分）1.完全不理解，照抄原文（0分）2.死板机械地抄，不改变原文顺序（1分）3.改变主语或宾语的抄为主（2分）（灵活地抄）4.稍为改动总体的抄（3分）5.改变句子、用词，重新排列组织（45分）（字数30左右）,Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.,1.论点（thetopicsentence）:

Gettingupearly/agoodhabit/ofgreatimportance,2.论据（supportingsentences）,1）abettermemory2）ahealthierbody3）abetterpreparationfortheday,3.结论（Conclusion）.,agoodhabit/benefitalot,Inthepassage,theauthorholdstheviewthatgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot,includingabettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.（37words）,这类文章概括段常用的开头用语A:

Inthepassage,theauthorholdstheviewthat+从句.B:

Thepassagegivestheviewthat+从句,1.如何找论点、论据、（结论）？

1）论点（首段或尾段的首句或尾句，若在文中或段落中,常有提示词：

however,but）2）论据（中间各段落首句，常有提示词：

firstly/secondly/besides/whatsmore/finally）3）结论（尾段首句或尾句，常有提示词：

Inshort/Inaword/So/Therefore）,1.题材：

议论文2.文章结构：

论点+3个论据+结论（总-分-总）3.议论文概括段的要素：

三要素：

论点、论据和结论,2.如何改写Skill1:

用同义词，词性变化或不同句式替换Skill2:

避免重复,删掉细节Skill3:

运用短而精的连词。

如but,and,so,however,because,therefore,besides,including,suchas,notonlybut等。

A.1）Drivingaprivatecarhasalotofdisadvantages.2）Drivingaprivatecarhas_.B.1）WatchingTViseducational.ItisagoodwaytohelpusrelaxbywatchingTV.2）WatchingTVcannotonly_us,_makeus_.C.Gettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot,_abettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.,manyshortcomings,including/suchas,educate,but,relaxed,Passage1,Althoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.Trafficisthefirstandoftenthemostseriousproblem.Themajorityofpeoplespendagreatdealoftimeontheirwaytoworkorcomingbackfromwork.Duringtherushtime,allthestreetsarejammedwithpackedbusesandendlesslinesofbicyclesandcars,andavoidableaccidentsoccur,resultinginbrokenlimbsandtrafficdeaths.Airpollutioncomessecond.Factoriesandmovingvehiclesareconstantlygivingoffsmokeandharmfulgases.Thereisnowaytogetfreshairexcepttogooutofthecityonweekendsorholidays.Iftheweatherisbad,youllfinethewholecityovercastwithsmog.Asaresult,pollutioninducesdiseasesarenowacommonoccurrence.However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundineverybigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.Inshort,lifeinbigcitiesisratherunnaturalandunhealthy.,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.,Trafficisthefirstandoftenthemostseriousproblem,Airpollutioncomessecond,However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundinevery,bigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear,Inshort,lifeinbigcitiesisratherunnaturalandunhealthy.,用自己的话改写论点、论据论点：

Althoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages论据1：

Trafficisthefirstandoftenthemostseriousproblem.论据2：

Airpollutioncomessecond.论据3：

However,noiseandviolencearetobefoundineverybigcityandthesituationseemstogetworseyearbyyear.结论：

Inshort,lifeinbigcitiesisratherunnaturalandunhealthy.,Nowadaysmanypeopleprefertotravelbyair.Thisisbecauseairtravelhassomeadvantages.Firstly,airplane,themiraclecreatedbyman,isthefastestmeansoftransport.Secondly,travelingbyairisconvenientandcomfortable.Friendlyairhostessesareaffectionateandconsiderate.Theylookafterpassengersallthewaytotheirdestinations.Moreover,onlongdistanceflightstherearefilmsandmusicforpeopletoentertainthemselves.Butithassomedisadvantages,too.Foronething,airtravelcostsagreatdealofmoney.,Nowadaysmanypeopleprefertotravelbyair.,becauseairtravelhassomeadvantages,Firstly,Secondly,Moreover,Butit,hassomedisadvantages,too.,Foronething,TheaverageChinesearenotrichenoughtoaffordexpensiveairfares.Sotheyprefertotaketr