13Word下载.docx

13Word下载.docx

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hardtoaccept.

A.excuseB.clientC.refusalD.destiny

4.Theorganizationwas 

bold 

enoughtofacethepress.

A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible

5.Theywerelockedin 

mortal 

combat.

A.deadlyB.openC.actualD.active

6.Wewereattractedbythe 

lure 

ofquickmoney.

A.amountB.supplyC.temptD.sum

7.Theprocedureswereperceivedascomplexandless 

transparent.

A.clearB.necessaryC.specialD.correct

8.TheStockExchangeisin 

turmoil 

followingahugewaveofselling.

A.ServiceB.dangerC.disorderD.threat

9.HebelievesthatEuropemustchangeoritwill 

perish.

A.surviveB.lastC.dieD.move

10.Therewasa 

simultaneous 

trialtakingplaceinthenextbuild.

A.fairB.fullC.coexistingD.public

11.Theypromote 

assimilation 

ofethnicgroupsintothemain-streamculture.

A.policyB.valueC.equalityD.integration

12.Asalesman’s 

cardinal 

ruleistosatisfycustomers.

A.principalB.officialC.simpleD.legal

13.Imust 

compliment 

youonyourhandlingofaverydifficultsituation

A.silenceB.praiseC.assureD.complain

14.Welivedforyearsina 

perpetual 

stateoffear

A.emotionalB.nervousC.terribleD.Continuous

15.Thestarvingchildrenwerea 

pathetic 

sight.

A.commonB.unexpectedC.unforgettableD.pitiful

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;

如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;

如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

LackofOxygenDelayedtheRiseofAnimalsonEarth

Scientistshavelongspeculatedastowhyanimalspeciesdidn’tflourishsooner,oncesufficientoxygencoveredtheEarth’ssurface.AnimalsbegantoprosperattheendoftheProterozoicperiod,about800millionyearsago—butwhataboutthebillion-yearstretchbeforethat,whenmostresearchersthinktherealsowasplentyofoxygen?

Well,itseemstheairwasn’tsogreatthen,afterall.

InastudypublishedOct.31inScience,YaleresearcherNoahPlanavskyandhiscolleaguesfoundthatoxygenlevelsduringthe“boringbillion”periodwereonly0.1%ofwhattheyaretoday.Inotherwords,Earth’satmospherecouldn’thavesupportedadiversityofcreatures,nomatterwhatgeneticadvancementswerepoisedtooccur.

“Thereisnoquestionthatgeneticandecologicalinnovationmustultimatelybebehindtheriseofanimals,butitisequallyunavoidablethatanimalsneedacertainlevelofoxygen,”saidPlanavsky,co-leadauthoroftheresearchalongwithChristopherReinhardoftheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“We’reprovidingthefirstevidencethatoxygenlevelswerelowenoughduringthisperiodtopotentiallypreventtheriseofanimals.”

Thescientistsfoundtheirevidencebyanalyzingchromium（Cr）isotopesinancientsedimentsfromChina,Australia,Canada,andtheUnitedStates.ChromiumisfoundintheEarth’scontinentalcrust,andchromiumoxidationisdirectlylinkedtothepresenceoffreeoxygenintheatmosphere.

Specifically,theteamstudiedsamplesdepositedinshallow,iron-richoceanareas,neartheshore.Theycomparedtheirdatawithothersamplestakenfromyoungerlocalesknowntohavehigherlevelsofoxygen.

Oxygen’sroleincontrollingthefirstappearanceofanimalshaslongvexedscientists.“Weweremissingtherightapproachuntilnow,”Planavskysaid.“Chromiumgaveustheproxy.”Previousestimatesputtheoxygenlevelat40%oftoday’sconditionsduringpre-animaltimes,leavingopenthepossibilitythatoxygenwasalreadyplentifulenoughtosupportanimallife.

Inthenewstudy,theresearchersacknowledgedthatoxygenlevelswere“highlydynamic”intheearlyatmosphere,withthepotentialforoccasionalspikes.However,theysaid,“Itseemsclearthatthereisafirst-orderdifferenceinthenatureofEarthsurfaceCrcycling”beforeandaftertheriseofanimals.

“Ifweareright,ourresultswillreallychangehowpeopleviewtheoriginsofanimalsandothercomplexlife,andtheirrelationshipstotheco-evolvingenvironment,”saidco-authorTimLyonsoftheUniversityofCalifornia-Riverside.“Thiscouldbeagamechanger.”

“There’salotofinterestrightnowinabroaderdiscussionsurroundingtherolethatenvironmentalstabilityplayedintheevolutionofcomplexlife,andwethinkourresultsareasignificantcontributiontothat,”Reinhardsaid.

16.ThestudydiscoveredtheriseofanimalsoccurredearlierthantheProterozoicperiod.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17.Manyresearchersbelievetheoxygenlevelwashighduringpre-animaltimes.

18.Theteamwasfundedbyseveralresearchinstitutes.

19.Geneticadvancementstriggeredtheriseofanimals.

20.Thesamplesstudiedintheresearchwerecollectedinoceanareas.

21.ThestudyrevealedthatchromiumfoundinEarth’scontinentalcrustremainedstablebeforeandaftertheriseofanimals.

22.TimLyonslikedtoplaycomputergamesinhissparetime.

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题;

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

FirstImage-recognitionSoftware

1.DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.

2.Thenewsystem,whichwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm（运算法则）forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientenoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel（像素）datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned（收集）fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions（图片说明）,makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.

3."

Overthelast30years,"

saysAssociateProfessorLorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,"

theWebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadataset,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesorvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetsthegist（主旨）ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,surprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengines,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWebpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch."

4.Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic（语义的）informationfromthepixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries（查询）onadatabaseof50millionWebpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthatthisproduceda30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.

23.Paragraph1____

24.Paragraph2____

25.Paragraph3____

26.Paragraph4____

A.Functionofthenewsystem

B.Improvementindocumentretrieval

C.Publicationofthenewdiscovery

D.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines

E.Popularityofthenewsystem

F.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated

27.Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby____.

28.Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin____.

29.Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore____

30.Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe____

A.usingphotos

B.descriptionoftheHTMLpage

C.currentpopularsearchengines

D.documentsearch

E.informationinimages

F.machinevisionsystems

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31—45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇FaceMasksMayNotProtectfromSuper-Flu

IFasuper-flustrikes,facemasksmaynotprotectyou.Whetherwidespreaduseofmaskswillhelp,orharm,duringthenextworldwidefluoutbreakisaquestionthatresearchersarestudyingfuriously.Noresultshavecomefromtheirmaskresearchyet.However,thegovernmentsayspeopleshouldconsiderwearingthemincertainsituationsanyway,justincase.

Butit’saquestionthepublickeepsaskingwhilethegovernmentaremakingpreparationsforthenextflupandemic.SotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）cameupwithpreliminaryguidelines.“Wedon’twantpeoplewearingthemeverywhere,”saidtheCDC.“Theoverallrecommendationreallyistoavoidexposure.”

Whenthat’snotpossible,theguidelinessaytoconsiderwearingasimplesurgicalmaskifyouareinoneofthethreefollowingsituations.First,you’rehealthyandcan’tavoidgoingtoacrowdedplace.Secondtyou’resickandthinkyoumayhaveclosecontactwiththehealthy,suchasafamilymembercheckingonyou.Third,youlivewithsomeonewho’ssickandthusmightbeintheearlystagesofinfection,butstillneedt