中考初中语法复习之名词+练习文档格式.docx
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加s
清辅音后读/s/
浊辅音和元音后读/z/
cake-cakes
day-days
以s,x,sh,ch结尾
加es
读/IZ/
bus-buses
class-classes
以辅音字母加y结尾的词
变y为i,再加ea
读/z/
baby-babies
city-cities
以f或者fe结尾的词
变f或者fe为v,再加es
self-selves
thief-thieves
以o结尾的词
zeroszoosradios
特殊情况
tomato-tomatoes
potato-potatoes
hero-heroes
negro-negroes
不规则变化
改变单词中元音字母
/mæ
n/——/men/
/fʊt/——/fi:
t/
man-men
woman-women
单复数形式相同
读音不变
SheepJapanese
deerChinese
其他形式
/maʊs/——/maɪs/
/tʃaɪld/——/ˈtʃɪldrən/
mouse-mice
child-children
四.特殊情况
●一些名词本身即是复数形式,不可用作单数。
people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors
不能直接在前面加冠词atrousers错误形式
apairoftrousers正确形式
●当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时,就要用其复数形式。
eg.twomenteachers,threewomendoctors
●不可数名词一般没有复数形式,它的“量”的表示方式如下。
(1)表不定数量时,一般用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等词修饰。
eg,muchmoney,alittlebread
(2)表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。
如:
two/three/…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。
eg.abagofrice,twoglassesofmilk,fourbottlesofwater
●有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同。
fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果food食物——foods各种食品;
fish鱼——fishes鱼的种类;
drink饮料、酒——adrink一份饮料、一杯酒
cloth布——acloth桌布、抹布sand沙——sands沙滩
chicken鸡肉——achicken小鸡glass玻璃——glasses眼镜
五.不可数名词复数的量
1.当不可数名词需要计量时,1)数词或冠词+计量名词+of+不可数名”
2)不可数名词与some,much,little,any,alotof等连用
much/alotofbread许多面包abottleofink一瓶墨水
apieceofapplepie一份苹果派somerice一些大米
abarofchocolate一条巧克力adropofwater一滴水
2.常考的不可数名词
advice建议furniture家具clothing衣服fun乐趣homework家庭作业
paper纸progress进步traffic交通sugar糖information信息
六.名词所有格:
名词的所有格表示人或物的所属关系
(1)有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。
①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,在词尾加’s.
Mike’swatch;
Women’sDay
②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加’。
teachers’office,students’rooms
③两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有,只需在最后一个名词后加’s.
TomandMike’sroom汤姆和迈克的房间(表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房)
④两个或两个以上名词并列,表示分别所有,需在几个名词后都加’s.
Mary’sandJenny’sbikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车(表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车)
⑤时间,距离,国家,城市等无生命东西的名词也可加’s构成所有格
anhour’sride骑车一小时的路程twoweek’stime两个星期的时间
China’scapital中国的首都ahundredyuan’sorder一百元的订货单
(2)无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构
eg.amapOfChina,thebeginningOfthisgame,thedoorOftheroom
(3)特殊形式
①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格
eg.theboy’sname=thenameOftheboy(男孩的名字)
thedog’slegs=thelegsofthedog(狗的腿)
China’spopulation=thepopulationOfChina(中国的人口)
China’scapital=thecapitalofChina(中国的首都)
②双重所有格
eg.afiendofmymother’s我妈妈的一个朋友
apictureofTom’s汤姆的一张图片
专项练习题
()1.Shewasveryhappy.She
inthemathstest.
A.makesafewmistakeB.madeafewmistakes
C.madefewmistakesD.makesfewmistake
()2.Weneedsomemore____.Canyougoandgetsome,please?
A.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.potatoe
()3_____are_____forcuttingthings.
A.Knife/usedB.Knives/usedC.Knife/usingD.Knives/using
()4Whatbig____thetigerhas!
A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.toothes
()5Pleaseremembertogivethehorsesometree___.
A.leafsB.leavesC.leafD.leave
()6-Canwehavesome___?
-Yes,please.
A.bananaB.orangesC.appleD.pear
()7Onthetabletherearefive____.
A.tomatosB.pieceoftomatoesC.tomatoesD.tomato
()8Theygotmuch___fromthosenewbooks.
A.ideasB.photosC.informationD.stories
()9Hegaveus____onhowtokeepfit.
A.someadvicesB.someadviceC.anadviceD.aadvice
()10Whenwesawhisface,weknew___wasbad.
A.somenewsB.anewsC.thenewsD.news
()11What___lovelyweatheritis!
A./B.theC.anD.a
()12-Wouldyoulike___tea?
-No,thanks.Ihavedrunktwo____.
A.any,bottlesoforangeB.some,bottlesoforange
C.many,bottlesoforangesD.few,bottleoforanges
()13Heishungry.Givehim___toeat.
A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbread
C.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads
()14Itreallytookhim:
___todrawthenicehorse.
A.sometimesB.hourC.longtimeD.sometime
()15Iwouldliketohave___.
A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilk
C.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilks
()16Canyougiveme____?
A.ateaB.somecupofteaC.acupteaD.acupoftea
()17Pleasegiveme___paper.
A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof
()18Johnbought___forhimselfyesterday.
A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes
()
19-Howmany____haveyougotonyourfarm?
-I'
vegotfive.
A.sheepsB.sheepC.pigD.chicken
()20Some___cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.
A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies
()21Inthepicturetherearemany_______andtwo________.
A.sheep;
foxesC.sheeps;
foxes
B.sheeps;
foxD.sheep;
foxs
()22Agroupof______willvisitthemuseumtomorrow.
A.HungarianB.AustralianC.JapaneseD.American
()23Thistableismadeof______.
A.manyglassB.glassesC.someglassesD.glass
()24-Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch,sir?
dlike_______.!
A.chickenB.achickenC.chickensD.thechicken
()25Childrenshouldmake_______foroldpeopleinabus.
A.roomB.aroomC.roomsD.theroom
()26Tablesaremadeof_______.
A.woodB.somewoodsC.woodenD.woods
()27Iwonderwhy______aresointerestedinaction(武打片)films.
A.peopleB.peoplesC.thepeopleD.thepeoples
()28Ihaveread_______oftheyoungwriter.
A.worksB.workC.thisworksD.theworks
()29Let'
smeetat7:
30outsidethegateof_______?
A.thePeople'
sParkB.thePeoples'
Park
C.thePeopleParkD.People'
sPark
()30___Chinesepeopleare____hardworkingpeople.
A./;
aB.We;
theC.The;
theD.The;
a
()31Howmany
werethereinthestreetwhentheaccidenthappened?
A.policemanB.policesC.policeD.peoples
()32Ifthesetrousersaretoobig,buyasmaller____.
A.setB.oneC.pieceD.pair
()33LastweekIboughtaTV______.
A.pairB.setC.pieceD.block
()34Thereisaofwoodleftontheground.
A.cupB.pieceC.boxD.pair
()35Therearesixty-seven___inourschool.
A.women'
steacherB.womenteachersC.womanteachersD.womenteacher
()36Therearefive___inourfactory.
A.womandriverB,womendriverC.womandriversD.womendrivers
()37These____weresenttothevillagestohelpthefarmers.
A.womendoctorB.womendoctorsC.womandoctorsD.womandoctor
()38Theywritemostoftheir___inEnglish.
A.businessletterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businessesletters
()39Wecametoa___atlast.andwentin.
A.watchshopB.watchesshopC.watchingshopD.watchsshop
()40Thisshopsellsapples,bananasandthingslikethese.It'
sa_____.
A.foodshopB.bookshopC.fruitshopD.vegetableshop
()41Shebrokea___whileshewaswashingup.
A.glassofwineB.glassforwineC.glasswineD.wineglass
()42I'
veforgottenbothofthe____.
A.roomnumbersB.roomsnumberC.roomsnumbersD.roomnumber
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
Happinessisforeveryone.Youdon'
tneedtocareaboutthosepeoplewhohavebeautifulhouseswithlargegardensandswimmingpoolsorthosewhohavenicecarsandalotofmoneyandsoon.Thosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeellonelyandthosewhohavecarsmaywanttowalkonthecountryroadsattheirfreetime.
Infacthappinessisalwaysaroundyouifyouputyourheartintoit.Whenyouareintroubleatschool,yourfriendswillhelpyou.Whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,yourparentsarealwaystakinggoodcareofyourlifeandyourhealth.Whenyougetsuccess,yourfriendswillsaycongratulationstoyou.Whenyoudosomethingwrong,peoplearoundyouwillhelpyoutocorrectit.Andwhenyoudosomethinggoodtoothers,youwillfeelhappytoo.Alltheseareyourhappiness.Ifyounoticethemyoucanseethathappinessisalwaysaroundyou.
Happinessisnotthesameasmoney.Itisafeelingofyourheart.Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappybecauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcan'
tbeboughtwithmoney.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappybecauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourselves.Soyoucannotalwayssayyouarepoorandyouhavebadluck.Ifyoutakeeverychanceyouget,youwillbeahappyandluckyperson.
(1)Happinessisfor
.
A.
allpeople
B.
thosewhohavealotmoney
C.
thosewhohavelargeandbeautifulhouses
D.
thosewhohavecars
(2)Whenyoudosomethingwrong,
youhavenochancetochallengeyou
peoplearoundyouwillhelpyou
yourclassmateswilllaughatyou
youwillbehappy
(3)"
Happinessisnotthesameasmoney"
means
moneydoesn'
talwaysbringhappiness
moneyalwaysbringshappiness
everythingcanalwaysbringhappiness
onlyrichpeoplehavehappiness
(4)Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
LifeandSuccess
HappinessandLuck
DoSomethingGoodtoOthers
Happiness
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
文章主要论述了快乐无处不在,只要你抓住你的每一次机会,你就会快乐。
(1)细节理解题,根据Happinessisforeveryone.可知,快乐是每一个人的,也就是所有人的,故答案是A。
(2)细节理解题,根据Whenyoudosomethingwrong,peoplearoundyouwillhelpyoutocorrectit.
可知,当你做错了事,你身边的人不帮助你改正。
故答案是B。
(3)句意猜测题,一般而言,金钱可以买到一切物质性的东西,但是