2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx

上传人:b****4 文档编号:17151553 上传时间:2022-11-28 格式:DOCX 页数:9 大小:23.43KB
下载 相关 举报
2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共9页
2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共9页
2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共9页
2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共9页
2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共9页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx

《2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

2 词缀与语法成分1Word文件下载.docx

imbalanced不平衡的

mis-1.badorbadly;

2.wrongorwrongly;

3.showinganoppositeorthelackofsth

例词misfortune不幸,厄运;

misbehave行为不端;

miscalculation计算错误;

misunderstand误解;

mistrust不信任

re-(尤用于动词前)1.again;

2.againinanewandbetterway;

3.backtoaformerstate

例词rebroadcast重播;

rewrite重写;

reunite重聚;

retell复述;

reform改革

un-1.(especiallyinadjectivesandadverbs)(译:

尤其是在形容词和副词当中)showinganegative,alack,oranopposite;

2.(esp.inverbs)showinganopposite;

例词unhappy,unfair不公平的,unload卸货,uncover揭露

dis-1.showinganoppositeornegative;

2.showsthestoppingorremovingofthestatedcondition;

3.(esp.inverbs)totakeaway;

remove

例词dislike(不喜欢),dishonest,disappear,discontented不满足的,disapprove不同意;

disconnect切断;

over-1.toomuch;

2.above,beyond,across;

3.outer,covering(覆盖)在外的;

4.additional(除此之外的)

例词overpopulation人口过剩;

overhanging下垂的;

overcoat外套;

overtime加班;

under-1.toolittle;

2.goingunderneath;

3.inner,beneathothers在…内;

4.lessimportantorlowerinrank

例词underdeveloped,undercooked未煮熟的;

understaffed人员配备不足的;

underexpose曝光不足,underfeed给…太少的食物,未喂饱,underestimate低估,看轻

non-1.(esp.inadjectivesandnouns)showinganegative2.(esp.innouns)notdeservingthestatedname

例词nonalcoholic不含酒精的;

nonstick不粘锅的,nonstandard,non-smoker,non-monopoly非垄断的,非独占的,nonparty,nonprofessional;

non-event枯燥无味的活动;

Itwasareallybadbook---anon-storywithnon-characters.这是一本蹩脚的书---情节单调,人物缺乏生气。

sub-1.under,below;

2.lessimportantorpowerfuloroflowerrankthan;

3.partofthestatedbiggerwhole分支;

4.(derog)similarto,butnotasgoodasornotreal仿;

5.(esp,tech)almost近于

例词subzero零下的;

subway地铁;

subcommittee(委员会下设)专门小组;

subtitle副标题;

subsection分支,分部;

sub-Victorian仿维多利亚的;

subtropical亚热带的;

subadult,subeditor,subagent,subhuman,subarea,subdivide,

pre-1.before;

2.inadvance

例词preschool学龄前的;

prearranged预先安排的,预定的;

post-after,laterthan

例词postwar,postgraduate,postmeridian午后的,下午发生的,

co-1.together,with;

2.doingsomethingwithsomeoneelse和…一起做;

例词coexist共存;

coeducation男女同校制;

coauthor合著者;

copilot副驾驶员(飞机)co-owner,co-worker(同事),cooperate(合作),coeducation,

ex-former(stillliving)

例词ex-con,ex-husband,ex-president

semi–半;

ultra–外,极;

trans-跨越,移植;

inter-之间的,相互的;

super-超级的,上层的;

fore-先的;

self-自我的,自动的;

anti-反,防;

vice-副;

uni-单的;

bi-双的;

multi-多的;

auto-自动的

antisocial,expresident,self-important自大的;

self-control自控;

interact相互作用;

transport;

ultraviolet紫外线的;

ultrasonic超声的;

semi-final半决赛;

semiconductor半导体;

vice-president;

vice-captain;

unilateral;

uniform(一致的;

制服);

multinational;

multistage多级;

automation(自动化操作),automobile…

给下列词汇填上恰当的前缀

agree,logical,possibility,play,fit,weight,paid,production,nuclear,linear,resistance,average,branch,central,examination,exist,face,star,heir,author,wife,girlfriend,basic(二元的),facial,

后缀

后缀与前缀的不同之处在于,后缀的主要作用是改变词性。

因此,我们在语法的基础上将后缀分为名词后缀,动词后缀,形容词后缀等。

名词后缀:

a.–er,-ee;

-or;

-ist(信仰…主义的人;

…操作者;

…家;

);

-ian(与…有联系的人,精通…的人,钻研…的人,…地方的人);

-ese;

-ant/-ent(起…作用的人)构成表示人或无的名词

thinker思想家;

guesser猜测者;

translator翻译者;

conductor导体;

physicist物理学家;

dentist牙医;

employee雇员;

trainee受训人员;

physician内科医生;

Italian意大利人;

Japanese;

assistant助手,servant,

b.–ance,-ence,-(a)tion,-sion,-ics,-ing,-ity,-ment,-ness,-th,-ty,-ure,-ship构成表示行为、性质、状态等的抽象名词

acceptance接受;

assistance帮助;

dependence依靠;

confidence信心;

repetition重复;

preparation准备;

discussion讨论;

division分开;

physics物理学;

fabrics纺织品;

building建筑;

wedding婚礼;

reality现实;

ability能力;

settlement解决;

argument争论;

greatness伟大;

hardness硬度;

warmth温暖;

length长度;

safety安全;

penalty(与刑罚有关的)惩罚;

failure失败;

pressure压力;

friendship友谊;

leadership领导

2)形容词后缀,如–able,-ible(能够…的,具有…性质的,处于…状态的),-al(与…有关的),-ful(充满…的,引起…的,具有…特性的),-less(没有的,不能的),ish(…民族的,…地区的,有…特征的(贬义),有点…的,稍微…的),-like(有…特征的,适于…的),-ive(有…性质或作用的),-ous(具有…的),-an(…地方的人,精通…的人),-ic(与…有关的,受…影响的),-ly(每隔…时间,象…样的),-y(覆盖…的,有…倾向的,易于…的),-ant,-ent(处于…状态的),-ary(与…有关的),-en(由…制成的,变成,变得)等。

Available可获得的,suitable适合的,responsible负责的,permissible允许的,natural自然地,national国家的,powerful强大的,faithful忠诚的,fearless无畏的,useless无用的,selfish自私的,childish幼稚的,collective集体的,decisive决定性的,famous著名的,continuous连续不断的,American,European,historic有历史意义的,scientific科学的,friendly有好的,lively活泼的,thirsty口渴的,noisy,significant重大的,pleasant令人愉悦的,dependent依赖的,consistent一贯的,secondary次要的,imaginary想象中的,golden金色的,wooden木制的.

economic&

economical

The20thcenturyhasseenrapideconomicgrowthinChina.

Theoldergenerationpaytoomuchattentiontoeconomicalfactorwhenmakingapurchase.

Theyarediscussingproblems.

Weshouldbeofourmoneyandtime.

Historic(历史有名的)&

historical(历史学的)

ThefallingofBerlinWallisahistoricoccasion.

Afteryearsofhardworking,theyfinallydiscoveredsomehistoricaltombs.墓穴

DashuaifuisthehouseofZhangXueliangandhiswife.

classic典范的&

classical古典的经典的

Itisaclassicexample.

ThisisareallyclassicFrenchchampagne.香槟酒

NowonlyafewstudytheclassicalmusicofIndia.

3)动词后缀,如-en,-(i)fy,-ize美/ise英,等。

-endarkenheightensharpenshorten

-(i)fysolidify(凝固,团结)beautifymodify()修饰verify证实

-ize/isemodernizesymbolizerealize

4)副词后缀,如-ly,-ward(s),-wise,等。

-lynaturallypublicly

-ward(s)homewardsdownwardeastward

-wiseclockwiseeducation-wiselikewiseotherwise

 

给下列各词添加适当的后缀

pure,urban,brother,real,broad,month,beast,haste,fast,revolution,system,

词性与语法成分

不同的词性充当不同的语法成分,不同的语法成分要求不同的词性,二者互相制约。

在语法与词汇的考试部分以用词汇的不同形式填空为主。

例:

名词与形容词修饰关系

·

Asweallknow,ironisthemost(use)_______metalinindustry.

此句考察的是修饰名词metal的语法成分,名词应该由具有形容词性质的词汇来修饰,因此想到use的形容词形式useful,useless,但是语意要求填入肯定意义的词,因此答案为前者。

Heisapleasant,(friend)_______manwhogetsonwellwitheveryonehere.

此题考察的是修饰名词man的语法成分,形容词修饰名词,-ly可加到名词后面构成形容词。

答案为friendly.此时有两种形式:

1.表称谓的名词+ly,意思为象…一样的,如motherly,manly,beastly,scholarly;

2.时间名词+ly,意思为以…为周期的,如daily,monthly,bimonthly,quarterly,yearly。

Inthisprofession,trainingandexperienceareofequal(important).

此题考察的是形容词修饰的语法成分,形容词equal修饰名词,-ance可以加在形容词或动词后面变成名词,意思为具有…的性质,…状态等。

如:

Hefailedinhismathematicsexaminationbecauseofhis(care)      work.

此题考察的是修饰名词的语法成分,形容词修饰名词,-ful和-less都是可以加到名词后面的形容词词缀。

前者为肯定意思,后者为否定意思。

根据语意,此题需要否定意义的形容词,因此,答案为careless.

介词与动词修饰关系

Oneoftheprinciplesfor(establish)_______goodrelationsbetweenanytwopersonsistobehonest.

此题考察介词后动词应用–ing形式。

故答案为establishing

Insteadof(drive)_______hiscar,hetookabustotheoffice.

此题考察的是介词后面动词的词形,但动词出现在介词后必须用-ing形式,所以此题答案为driving.

形容词与副词修饰关系

Thingsgotsobad(recent)thathedecidednottogotohisoffice.

此题考察的是修饰形容词bad的语法成分,副词用来修饰形容词,而recent本身为形容词,-ly是变形容词为副词的后缀。

因此,答案为recently.

练习题:

把下列形容词变成名词

important__________brilliant________competent___________consequent_________ignorant__________indifferent__________intelligent___________magnificent_______significant___________

把下列动词变成名词(动作执行者)

lie___________beg__________translate_________

把下列名词变成形容词

optimist__________pessimist_________care___________

energy_________atom_________hero_________

economy__________history_________

把下列形容词变成动词:

modern_________just_________urban___________

civil__________pure________beautiful_________

clear___________terrible_________fright__________

large__________light_________sharp___________

broad________

1.Concentrateonthecontentoftheessay,notits__________.(appear)

2.Someone’s(utter)_______arethethingsthattheysay.

3.Ourteacherwasverypleasedtodayforthefactthatwehadperfect(attend)_______.

4.Hewouldbemoreofa(hinder)_______thanahelptous.

5.Therulesaysthat(maintain)_______ofpeaceandquietisnecessaryinahospital.

6.Evidenceshowedthatthegirlhadmade(resist)_______beforeshewashangedtodeath.

7.Wearegoingtohavetheevening(perform)_______at8o’clockthisFriday.

8.Environmentalpollutionthreatensthe(exist)_______ofwildanimals.

9.Thechairmanofthedepartmentfeltitdifficulttocopewithcomplaintsthatseemedtobeaneveryday(occur)_______.

10.Inhis(accept)_______speechfortheNobelPrize,hestressedtheinnerconflictofman.

11.Thepowerstationwasshowntobedangerousand,asa(consequent)___________,wascloseddown.

12.Hisdiscoverywasofgreat(significant)__________,butfewpeoplerealizedthat.

13.Idon’tlikethedepartmentchairman’s(indifferent)________totheteacherswhoarenotinhisfavor.

词形变化填空复习题

1.用care的不同形式填空

Youmustbevery______careful____nottosayanythingtoPaul.

She____cares____fortheoldmanasifhewereherownfather.

A___careless____driverisadangertousall.

Allthechildrenherearetakengood____care____of.

IfBobdrovemore____carefully____,hewouldn’thavesomanyaccidents.

Heisnotadiligent(勤奋)student.Heshowsgreat____carelessness___ineverythinghedoes.

Spendmoretimeonyourwork.Youdidyourhomeworkvery_____carelessly_____.

Ihopeyouwillbemore______careful_____infutureaboutwhatyousay.

2.用add的不同形式填空

In____addition___toEnglish,you’dbetterlearnanotherforeignlanguage.

Motherneeds____additional_____helpinthekitchenonweekendswhenallofuscomehomefromschool.

Thefireisgoingout;

willyou___add_____somewood?

Thisisan_____additional___proofofhiscarelessness.

3.用use的不同形式填空

Prof.Wangtellsustomakegood____use___ofourtimeinclass.

Mybicycleisbroken;

itiscompletely____useless_____.

MayI___use____yourEnglishdictionaryforanhourortwo?

T

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 高等教育 > 教育学

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1