牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第15讲首字母填空技巧点拨文档格式.docx
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【知识梳理2】技巧详解之浏览全文||,把握大意
Ø
首先要对文章内容有个总体把握。
要通读首字母填空的短文||,跳过空格快速阅读||,了解全篇的主要内容。
其次要重视文中的主题句。
首字母填空选用的短文一般不给标题||,但短文的主题句||,往往在每段文章的首句||,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。
主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等||,这是深入了解全文的“窗口”。
我们甚至能以主题句为立足点||,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。
再次||,要利用语境进行联想。
利用上下文的提示||,用学过的知识和已有的生活经验||,扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。
【例题精讲】
✧例1.The2019LondonOlympicGamesareontheway.YoumayhaveanicetripinLondonwiththehelpofthefollowinginformation.
Theundergroundisfastandconvenient.
Travellingbybusisagoodwaytoseethecity||,especiallyfromthetopofadouble-deckerbus.
TakeatraintovisitplacesoutsideLondon||,likeHamptonCourtandWindsorCastle.
London'
sblacktaxisaref1___.
The"
riverbus"
leavesfromWestminsterPierandstopsatdifferentplacesbetweenWestminsterandGreenwichPier.
Don'
tdriveyourcarinLondon!
Therearen'
tmanygoodbicyclelanesinLondon.
Thebestwaytovisitthecity!
Butlookrightandleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.
✧例2.Often||,doctorstellsomepeopletogoondiets(节食).Thedoctorshopethedietswillmakethepeoplefeelb1___.Theyhopethedietswillmakethepeoplehealthy.
Alanawasonadiet||,butshedidn'
tlikeitatall.
ThenthedoctorputFrankonadiet.Itwasadifferentkindofdiet.
【巩固练习】
AsurveyhasbeenpublishedwhichshowsthatBritishpeopledon'
tliketheirneighboursverymuch.
Accordingtothesurvey||,theb___1___problemisnoise.
Theothermainproblemsaredisagreements(不和)aboutcarparkingspaces||,andoldpeoplecomplainingabouttheyoung.
Anothersurveyshowsthat90%oftheneighboursnevershareameal||,80%haveneverhadadrinkt___2___and20%haveneverevenspoken.
Onesolutiontosuchproblemsistotalkaboutthemwithaprofessionalorganizationand||,ifnecessary||,tosignawrittenagreement.
【知识梳理2】技巧详解之熟记短语||,注重语境
短语经常会出现在首字母填空的考题中||,如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆||,掌握它们的搭配规律||,在做首字母填空时就能得心应手||,减少失误。
另外||,词语搭配也值得注意。
从语法角度来说||,句子不是词的序列||,而是词组的序列。
如:
savethemoney(2019年中考)||,haveaninterestingtalkwith(2019年中考)||,afewyearago(2019年中考)等。
但从历年中考的试题看||,注重上下文的关系对解题显得更为重要。
【例题精讲】-熟记短语
✧例1.Youcancollectanything||,fromstampstotoystofootballmatchprogrammestooldphotos.Infact||,somepeoplehaveextraordinary(不寻常的)collections.
Forexample||,RobertOpiecollectsthingsweusuallyt___1____away||,thingslikeoldnewspapers||,sweetpapersandboxes.HehasmorethanaquarterofamillionthingsinhiscollectionandyoucanfindsomeoftheminhisownmuseuminGloucester||,UK…
WhenStuartGrahamfromSydney||,Australiadiedaged87||,heleftb2someextraordinarycollections.HissonAndyonlydiscoveredStuartwasakeencollectorwhenhefoundacollectionofover5||,000oldbustickets||,3||,000oldmatchboxesand1||,000toysoldiers.
✧例2.“Sorry||,”hisfriendinterrupted(打断).“TodayI’mgoingwhereverthewindblows.”Thisanswerwassod___1___fromtheboy’sexpectation(预期)thathehadnothingtosay.Later||,theboytoldhismotheraboutit.Hismothersaid||,“Youshouldaskhimwhathewoulddoiftherewerenowind.”
高频短语
✧thinkabout/of/over
✧keep/enjoy/practice/finishdoing
✧atleast/most
✧either…or/neither…nor/both…and
✧bethankfulto
✧bedifferentfrom
✧befamiliarto/with
✧bepleased/satisfiedwith
✧befilledwith/befullof
1.WhencartooncharactersliketheIncredibleHulkgetangry||,theychangecolorsandoftengetspecialpower.Intherealw__1___||,angerislessobvious…
Theyalsohavefewerheadaches||,lowerbloodpressure(血压)||,andfewerproblemsonsleeping.Soitdoesn’tm___2___ifyourangeriscausedbythetrafficorotherthings.Learningtoletitgoisimportant.Wayssuchasd___3___breathcanhelpyoualot||,orjustaskyourselfifit’sworthhurtingyourselfbystayingangrywithsomeoneelse.
2.Ireallylikereadingandwritingshortstories.Thesestoriesareusuallyabout6to20pageslongwhichf1onaninterestingperson||,aproblemwhichthepersonhad||,andwhathappenedwhenthepersontriedtosolvetheproblem.Allsocietiesseemtohaveanoralstorytellingtraditioninwhichpeoplemett2totelleachothershortstories||,andinwhichparentstoldtheirchildrenstoriesatbedtime.
【例题精讲】-注重语境
例1.Ialsolikereadingnovels.OneofmyfavouritenovelsiscalledLifeofPi.ItiswrittenbyaCanadiancalledYannMartel||,andisaboutanIndianboywhospendsalongtimeatseaafterashipwreck(海难)a1__withnobodybutatiger.Whataboutyou?
Doyouhaveafavouritenovel?
例2.Sometimesstressisgoodforpeople.Itp1peopletodotheirbest||,likewhilegettingreadybeforeabigcompetitionorexam…
Whenyoufeelstressed||,therearesomewaysyoucandealwithit.Learningtoworkoutsmallproblemsineverydaylifeish2.Itcanhelpbuildconfidencetomoveontolife’sbiggerones.
【巩固练习】
1.“Thereisnolovewhichismoresincerethantheloveoffood||,”saidAnglo-IrishwriterGeorgeBernardShaw.LikeBernardShaw||,manywriterse1foodverymuch||,andtheysayandwriteinterestingthingsaboutit.
2.Butone’spersonalitydoesn’tstophere.Familylife||,schoollearningandlifeexperiencecanalsomakeyouthepersonyouare.Thisdoesn’tmeanit’si1tochangeyourpersonality.Youcanalwaystrytomakeyourselfbetter…
【知识梳理3】技巧详解之关注语法||,合乎逻辑
语法知识对做好首字母填空十分重要。
词汇根据语法规则确定各自的位置。
如①介词后的代词必然是宾格||;
②物质名词一般不用复数||;
③形容词必须放在不定代词后||;
④行为动词的否定句和疑问句应由助动词do构成||;
⑤情态动词后加动词原形等。
✧例1.FourthgradestudentWesleyGibsonexplained||,“Thebusisthebestwaytogettoschool.Icanrelaxandchatwithmyfriendswhilethebusdriverdoesallthework.S1Ievenfinishmyhomeworkonthebus!
”Another25%ofWayviewstudentsared2toschoolbytheirparentseveryday…
Fifth-graderAlexisWangisoneofthe20%ofWayviewstudentswhowalktoschooleachday.Shesaid||,“Walkingtoschoolisbetterthanthebusorcarbecauseyougetm3exercise.”Another20%ofWayviewstudentsridetheirbikes.ChrisMadsensaidhelikesridinghisbikebecause“it’sfasterthanwalking||,andyoucanracewithyourfriends.”
ThelastgroupofWayviewstudentsgettoschoolbyridingscooters.Thenumberofstudentsridingscooterstoschoolhasi4.Lastyear||,only5%ofthestudentsrodescooters||,andthisyearit’s10%.
✧例2.Whenthereisonlyoneparent||,ofcoursetheresponsibilitiesoflookingafterthechildrenaremuchh___1___forhimorher.Theyhavetoworkoutallthethingsbythemselves.Theyjusthopethateverythinggoesrighteveryday.
高频考点
✧the+形容词最高级
✧much/even+比较级
✧have/has+过去分词
✧介词+doing(for/of/with/without/to)
✧副词修饰动词
✧介词+代词(宾格)
✧感官动词+形容词(adj.)
✧被动语态(bedone)
✧1.Thestudiesfindthatpeoplewhoareabletoforgivefeellessstress||,lessbackpain||,andlessdepression.Theyalsohavefewerheadaches||,l___1___bloodpressure(血压)||,andfewerproblemsonsleeping.
✧2.Barcodes(条形码)changeaswell.Barcodesinthepastwere1-D||,butnowthereare2-Dbarcodes||,suchasQRcode.Since2009||,QRhasbeenusedonChinesetraintickets.Peoplecanenterstadiums||,cinemasandtheatersbyh1certaintypesofbarcodes…
Ifyoufindthesebarcodethingsboring||,abarcodebuildingmightbemoreupyourstreet.InStPetersburg||,Russia||,thereisabuildingdesignedlikeabarcode.Itl2strange||,butit’sactuallyashoppingmall.Therearegamestoo.BarcodeMonstersisamobilephonegame.Youhavetoscanbarcodesandfindthemonsters!
【知识梳理4】技巧详解之细心检查||,避免疏漏
完成填空后||,要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔误或疏漏的地方。
有些同学为自己全部填出了而沾沾自喜||,常常不是少了s||,就是忘了加ed||,这是很可惜的。
【巩固练习】Readthepassageandfilltheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词||,使内容通顺||,每空格限填一词||,首字母已给)(14分)
Imaginethis:
romanceisallaroundyou||,youhavemetandfalleninlovewiththemostwonderfulperson.Theonlytroubleis||,youarenotathome||,youareinacompletelydifferentpartofthew1.Howdoyouletthatspecialpersonknowhowyoufeel?
France
Theonlyplacetosay'
JET'
AIME'
(Iloveyou)isonaParisbridgeinthemoonlight.IfyoureallywanttogofortrueFrenchstyle||,youwillneedtodressverysmartlyandgotoafashionableFrenchrestauranta2youhavesaidthemagicalwords.
Japan
ThecherryblossomseasonisthemostromantictimeofayearinJapan.I3yourboyfriend/girlfriendinthepolitestwaypossible(youshouldalwaysbeaspoliteaspossibleinJapan!
)||,setupanicelittlepicnicu4acherryblossomtreeandsay'
SUKYO'
Russia
Itmightbeminus6degreeswhenyousay'
YATYEBYALYUBLYU'
||,butthes5willbefallingaroundyouinStPetersburg.Thereisnoscenemoreromantic||,andyouwon'
tevenfeelthecold—yourheartwillbesow___6inside!
Indonesia
GosurfingontheIndonesiawatersofSumatraandseetheboyorgirlofyourdreams.Wakeuptoabeautifulsunrise||,gosurfinginthecoolwatersalldayandr7intheevenings.AnytimeisOKtosay'
SAYACINTAPADAMU'
!
Whereveryoucomefrom||,onlysay'
Iloveyou'
whenyoutrulymeanit.Theymayonlybethreelittlewords||,buttheyarepowerfulwordsinanylanguage!
基础题:
(A)
Somepeoplebelievethatschoolswillnotbenecessaryinthenearfuture.TheysaythatbecauseoftheInternetandothernewtechnology||,thereisnoneedforschoolbuildings||,classesort1.Perhapsthiswillbetrueoneday||,butiftheworldhadnoschools||,Icouldn’timaginehowoursocietywouldbe.
Infact||,weshouldlearnhowtousenewtechnologytomakeschoolsb2.Weshouldinventanewkindofschoolthatisl3tolibraries||,museums||,sci