关于医学本科生英语词汇记忆策略的研究本科毕业论文Word文件下载.docx

关于医学本科生英语词汇记忆策略的研究本科毕业论文Word文件下载.docx

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ZhengzhouUniversity

May25,2013

Acknowledgements

Firstly，Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohavehelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.IgratefullyacknowledgethehelpofmysupervisorProfessorWangYuhong.Idoappreciateherpatience,encouragement,andprofessionalinstructionsduringmythesiswriting.Withoutherpatientinstruction,insightfulcriticismandexpertguidance,thecompletionofthisthesiswouldnothavebeenpossible.

Secondly,IalsooweaspecialdebtofgratitudetoalltheprofessorsinForeignLanguagesInstitute,fromwhosedevotedteachingandenlighteninglecturesIhavebenefitedalotandacademicallypreparedforthethesis.

Inaddition,myspecialthanksshouldbegiventothestudentswhotakepartinmyinvestigationstudyandcontributetothedatacollectionofmyresearch.

Lastbutnottheleast,mygratitudealsoextendstomyfamilywhohavebeenassisting,supportingandcaringformeallofmylife.

一项关于医学本科生英语词汇记忆策略的研究

摘要

词汇是第二语言习得中最基础，根本的构成要素，对于英语学习者的意义重大。

在过去的四十年里，词汇习得，作为第二语言习得最重要的研究领域之一,吸引了越来越多的学者们的关注。

先前诸多关于第二语言习得的研究结果显示多种因素（如年龄,性别,动机,兴趣,专业，词汇量，词汇水平等）可能会对英语学习者的二语习得的策略运用产生影响。

在以前的研究中,很少有学者将注意力集中在医学本科生这一群体的二语词汇学习的具体记忆策略上,更多的是关于广泛的学习者二语词汇记忆策略的一般概括，分类与描述。

为了使这一领域有更多更具体的实证研究从而促进这一领域的发展,本次研究将重点调查中国临床医学专业的大学三年级和四年级学生在词汇习得过程中使用词汇记忆策略的情况，并弄清楚不同性别，不同的年级和不同的英语水平水的医学本科生在词汇记忆策略使用上是否具有显著差异。

本次调查研究所涉及的研究问题包括以下五个方面:

1.中国本科医学生们在词汇习得中运用记忆策略的总体情况是怎样的？

2.这些策略在使用频率方面有什么差异？

3.性别差异是否会影响记忆策略的选择？

4.年级差异是否会影响记忆策略的选择？

5.英语水平的高低是否会影响记忆策略的选择？

为了阐明上述问题，本研究采用词汇记忆策略调查问卷来对医学本科生进行调查。

对收集的数据运用MicrosoftOfficeExcel2007以及SPSS19.0进行处理，得到的结论总结如下：

1.调查结果显示同学们使用的最多的记忆策略是“机械式记忆”，接着依次为“创建思维联系”、“借助图像与声音”、“借助肢体动作”。

2.在这20个具体的记忆策略之中，我认为使用频率最高的四种具体记忆策略具有指导意义，它们依次为“反复朗读与拼写”、“反复复习与回想”、“造句或者放入语境帮助记忆”、“通过构词法记忆单词”。

3.男生与女生在四种主要记忆策略的使用上无显著性差异。

4.与三年级学生相比较而言，四年级学生更频繁的使用“创建思维联系”这种记忆策略。

5.从统计学角度来看，高低水平的学习者对于词汇记忆策略的选择上无显著性差异，但单从平均值推断，高水平的学习者更多的使用“创建思维联系”以及更少的使用“机械式记忆”的策略。

本研究结果对英语学习中词汇记忆策略运用提供了有益的启示。

对于教师来说，应当在课堂词汇教学过程中有意向学生灌输渗透词汇记忆策略的运用。

对于学习者来说，在今后的词汇习得中应当增强运用词汇记忆策略的意识，并学会根据不同的情景，积极选用不同的适合自己的高效的词汇记忆策略。

期望此次调查能对这一领域的研究有一定的启示与借鉴意义，本论文尚存在许多不足之处，希望在以后的研究中得以更好的改进与完善，从而促进这一研究领域向更深更广方向发展。

关键词：

词汇习得；

记忆策略；

医学本科生

Abstract

Vocabularyisextraordinarilysignificantforlanguagelearnerssinceitistheessentialbasisofalllanguageskills.Vocabularyacquisition,asoneofthemostimportantfieldsinsecondlanguageacquisition,hasattractedmoreandmoreattentioninthelastfortyyears.

Asisindicatedinthepreviousresearch,aseriesoffactorsincludingage,sex,motivation,interest,major,vocabularycapacitysize,vocabularytestachievements,etc.mayaffectlearners’secondlanguagememorystrategyuse.Inthepreviousstudiesmoreresearchersfocusonthegeneraldescriptionandcategorizationofvocabularymemorizationstrategies,butlessattentionispaidtothemedicalundergraduates’memorystrategyuse.Therefore,tomakethisfieldhaveamorespecificempiricalstudy,thisinvestigationstudymainlyfocusesonthememorystrategyuseinvocabularyacquisitionamongChinesethird-yearandforth-yearmedicalundergraduatestofindoutthememorystrategytheyuseandiftherearesignificantdifferencesbetweengendersetc.

Therearefiveresearchquestionsinthisstudy:

1.WhatarethegeneralcharacteristicsofChinesemedicalundergraduatesinusingmemorystrategiesforvocabularyacquisition?

2.Howdothesestrategiesdifferintermsofusefrequency?

3.Dogenderdifferencesinfluencethechoiceofmemorystrategy?

4.Dogradedifferencesinfluencethechoiceofmemorystrategy?

5.DoEnglishproficiencydifferencesinfluencethechoiceofmemorystrategy?

Toilluminatethequestionsabove,thisstudytakesavocabularymemorystrategyusequestionnairetomakeasurveyamongmedicalundergraduates.ThedatacollectedfromthesurveyisprocessedbytheMicrosoftOfficeExcel2007andSPSS19.0andtheresultsaresummarizedasfollows:

1.Asforthefirstresearchquestion,theresultsindicatesthemostfrequentlyusedstrategyis“mechanicalmemory”strategyfollowedby“creatingmentallinkage”,“applyingimageandsounds”,theleastfrequentlyusedmemorystrategyis“employingbodymovements”.

2.Asforthesecondquestion,Iconsiderthetopfourpreferredspecificstrategiesasmeaningfulandtheyare“Iusethewayofrepeatingthepronunciationandspellingofawordtorememberit.”;

“Ireviewandrecallthelearntwordsfrequently.”;

“Ilearnanewwordbyputtingtheminsentencesorcontextstoimprovetheefficient.”;

“Imemorizeanewwordonthebasisofwordformationmethod（prefix,suffix,root,etc）”.

3.Asforthethirdquestion,theresultsshowthattherearenosignificantdifferencesbetweenthemaleandfemalemedicalundergraduatesintheuseoffourmainvocabularymemorystrategies.

4.Asfortheforthquestion,theresultsshowthat“creatingmentallinkages”strategyismorefrequentlyusedamongseniorstudents.Fortherestofthestrategies,thetwogroupsshowlittledifference

5.Statistically,therearenosignificantdifferencesbetweenthehighproficiencylearnersandthelowproficiencylearners.However,theresultsindicatethatthehighproficiencystudentstendtousemorestrategiesof“creatingmentallinkages”andless“mechanicalmemory”thanlowproficiencystudentsinvocabularyacquisition.

Fromtheresearchresults,somepracticalimplicationshavebeenputforward.Teachers,regardlessofthegrade,canaddsomecontentsaboutlearningstrategiesintheclassroominordertoimproveandenrichstudents’learningstrategy.ThestudentsalsoneedtoactivelyfindmorelearningstrategiesthatsuitthemselvestobettermasterEnglish.Itisexpectedthatthisinvestigationstudycangiveinsightfulandenlighteningimplicationstothisfieldofstudy.Itisnotdeniedthattherestillexistthelimitationsandfurtherimprovementsshouldbemadetocontributetothedeeperandwiderresearchofthisfield.

KeyWords:

vocabularyacquisition;

memorystrategy;

medicalundergraduates

Outline

Ⅰ.Introduction

A.ResearchBackground

B.ResearchQuestions

C.TheSignificanceoftheStudy

Ⅱ.LiteratureReview

A.TheIntroductiontoVocabularyAcquisition

B.ClassificationsofEnglishVocabularyMemoryStrategies

C.RelevantEmpiricalResearchesonLearners’UsageofVocabularyMemoryStrategies

Ⅲ.ResearchMethodology

A.ResearchQuestions

B.Participants

C.Instruments

D.DataCollectionandDataAnalysis

Ⅳ.ResultsandDiscussions

A.TheGeneralDescriptionofMemoryStrategyUse

B.FrequencyandtheTopFourPreferredSpecificMemoryStrategies

C.TheRelationshipbetweenGenderandtheChoiceofMemoryStrategy

D.TheRelationshipbetweenGradeandtheChoiceofMemoryStrategy

E.TheRelationshipbetweenEnglishProficiencyandtheChoiceofMemoryStrategy

Ⅴ.Conclusion

A.MajorFindings

B.ImplicationoftheMajorFindings

C.Limitations

D.SuggestionsfortheFutureResearch

I.Introduction

1.1ResearchBackground

MypapertriestostudysomepatternsofEnglishvocabularymemorystrategiesadoptedbyChinesemedicalundergraduates.Thisresearchalsoaimstofindoutwhethergender,gradeandEnglishproficiencycanaffectthechoiceofmemorystrategyandwhatthefrequenciesofthosespecificstrategiesare.

From1970s,thestudyonlanguagelearningstrategiesbegantodrawpublicattention.Withtherapidprogressinpsychologyandcognitivescience,moreattentionhasbeenpaidtohowlanguagelearnersprocessnewlanguagematerialfrompsychologicalandcognitiveperspectiveandwhatkindsofstrategiestheyhaveemployedintheiracquisitionofforeignlanguage.However,howtoacquireplentyofEnglishwordscontinuestobotherEnglishlearners.AlotofstudentsmemorizeEnglishwordsmainlybyrehearsalandrepeating,whicharerelativelyinefficient.Eventhoughtheyhavelearnedsomenewwordsbyrote,theymightforgetthemquickly.Undersuchcircumstances,howtouseeffectiveandefficientwaystoenrichvocabularyhasattractedmoreandmoreattention.Theresultsofmanypreviousrelevantresearchesindicatethataseriesoffactorsincludingage,sex,motivation,interest,major,vocabularycapacitysize,vocabularytestachievements,etc.mayaffectlearners’memorystrategyuse.Inthepreviousstudiesmoreresearchersfocusonthegeneraldescriptionandcategorizationofvocabularymemorizationstrategies,butlessattentionispaidtothemedicalundergraduates’memorystrategies.Therefore,tomakethisfieldhaveamorespecificempiricalstudy,thisinvestigationstudymainlyfocusesonthememorystrategyuseinvocabularyacquisitionamongChinesethird-yearandforth-yearmedicalundergraduatestofindoutthememorystrategytheyuseandiftherearesignificantdifferencesbetweengendersetc.Italsofurtheranalyzeshowthesestrategiesdifferintermsofusefrequency.

1.2ResearchQuestions

Thestudyquestionsincludedfiveaspects:

4.Dogradedifferencesinfluencethechoiceofmemorys