高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案docxWord格式.docx
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teatenintwodays.Hesaidhesawtheringbutthoughtitwasfake,sohetookthemoneyandthrewthewalletintotheocean.Thenheboughtasandwich.
Gilleecetoldtheteentomeethimatthedocks（码头）.TheretheytalkedalotandGilleeceknewthatPratherwasfromapoorfamily.Seeingtheteenager'
ssmallbuild,Gilleecethoughthewasmoreofakidthanacriminal.However,becauseofthemissingring,Prathercouldbeputintoprison.
Gilleecedecidedtohelpthekid.Hehiredtwolocaldiverstosearchthewaterswherethewallethadbeenthrown.Morethananhourpassed,withnosignofthering.Gilleecegrewworried.Andthenadiverpoppedup.Inhishandwasthewallet,andinsidewasthering.WhenGilleececalledthewallet'
sowner,sheburstintotearsandimmediatelydroppedthechargeagainstPratherforstealingthering.
（1）Whatdidthewomanvaluemostinherwallet?
（2）WhatdidPratherdoaftergettingthewallet?
（3）WhydidGilleecehelpPrather?
A.Toteachthechildalesson.
B.Tomeetthecustomer'
sdemand.C.Tosavetheforgivablechild.
D.Towinbackthereputationofhisbar.
（4）WhatwouldhappentoPrathernext?
A.Hewouldbesenttoprison.
B.Hewouldnotbeaccusedbythewoman.
C.HewouldgetajobinGilleece'
sbar.
D.Hewouldliveabetterlifeeverafter.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，JimmyGilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包
里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。
JimmyGilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人RiversPrather，但是
RiversPrather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。
Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是
决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Shedidn'
tcareaboutherID,creditcards,or150in
cash-butherweddingringwasinside.”她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但
她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。
故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Hesaidhesawtheringbutthoughtitwasfake,sohe
tookthemoneyandthrewthewalletintotheocean.
以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知Prather
他说他看到了戒”指，但认为是假的，所
得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。
故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的
“Seeingthe
teenager'
ssmall
build,Gilleece
thoughthewasmoreof
akidthanacriminal.However,becauseofthemissingring,Prather
couldbeputintoprison.看”到这个少年的小个子，
Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪
犯。
然而，因为丢失戒指，
Prather可能会被关进监狱，可知
Gilleece帮助Prather是因为
他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。
故选
C。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的
“WhenGilleececalledthewallet'
sowner,sheburst
intotearsandimmediatelydroppedthechargeagainstPratherforstealingthering.
当Gilleece
”
打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对
Prather偷戒指的指控）可知接下来
Prather不会被那个女人指控。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Doyouhavegoodfriends?
Doyousometimesfeelsoclosetothemthattheyarelikefamilytoyou?
Itturnsoutthatthisisn'
tjustanexpression.AstudybyYaleUniversityandtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,hasfoundthatyouandyourfriendshavemoregenesincommonthanstrangersdo,theGuardianreported.
Researcherslookedatthegenesof1,932peopleandcomparedtheminpairsofunrelatedfriendsandstrangers.Theyfoundthatfriendshave1percentofgenesthatmatch.
"
Onepercentmaynotsoundlikemuchtothelayperson（外行）,buttogeneticists（遗传学家）itisasignificantnumber,"
ProfessorNicholasChristakisofYaleUniversitytoldDiscoveryNews.Infact,thisisthesameamountofgenesyousharewithyourfourthcousins,thosewhohavethe
samegreat-great-greatgrandparentsasyou.
Soisitacoincidencethatyoubecomefriendswithpeoplewhoshareyourgenes?
Notatall.Infact,itisevolutionthatbringsyoutogether.
Peoplewhosharecertaingenesalsoshareskillsandhavesimilarlikesanddislikes,researcherssaid.Inancienttimes,itwascriticalthatpeoplewhowerealikestayedtogether.Forexample,peoplewhohadasimilarsusceptibility（易感性）tothecoldweremorelikelytohelpeachotherbuildafire,givingthemabetterchancetosurvive.
Researchersalsofoundthatamongallthegenesstudied,thoseaffectingsenseofsmellwerethemostsimilarinfriends.Thisisprobablybecausepeoplewhosmellthingsinthesamewayaremoreeasilydrawntosimilarenvironments.Forexample,peoplewholikethesmellofcoffeemayhangoutatcafesmoreoftenandarethereforemorelikelytomeetandbecomefriendswitheachother.
Basedontheirfindings,theteamhasdevelopedaninterestingtestcalledthe"
friendshipscore"
.Itcalculateshowbigthechancesarethattwopeoplewillbefriendsbystudyingtheirgenes.
So,hereisaquestionforyou:
wouldyouliketotakethistestandknowinadvancewhoyourfriendsaregoingtobe,orwouldyoustillprefertofigureitoutbyyourselfandlettimebethejudge?
（1）Whatistheauthor'
smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?
（2）Accordingtotheresearchersofthestudy,people_______.
A.formfriendshipsbycompletecoincidence
B.aregeneticallysimilartotheirfriends,comparedtostrangersC.makefriendswiththosewhosharenearly10percentoftheirgenes
D.maysharemoresimilargeneswiththeirfriendsthanwiththeirfourthcousins
（3）Withtheexamplesofancientpeopledevelopingtheabilitytospeakandhelpingeachotherbuildafire,theauthorintendsto_______.
A.showhowancientpeoplehelpedeachothersurvive
B.explainthatsimilarinterestsarewhatleadtofriendship
C.showthatitisevolutionthatbringsfriendstogether
D.telluswhyitwaseasierforancientpeopletofindfriends
（4）Accordingtothearticle,peoplewithsimilargenesthataffecttheirsenseofsmell______.
A.liketohangoutatcafesmoreoften
B.areeasilyattractedtothesmelloftheirfriends
C.aremorelikelytobeattractedtoasimilarenvironment
D.canidentifypeopleinacrowdwhocanbecomefriends
【答案】
（1）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，来自耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：
与
陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性，所以朋友有时更像是家人。
根据第二段中的
“AstudybyYaleUniversity
andtheUniversity
of
California,SanDiego,hasfoundthatyouandyourfriendshavemore
genesincommonthan
strangersdo,theGuardianreported.耶”鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：
与陌生人相
比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。
可知，这篇文章主要讲述关于交朋友的这项新发现。
并且
由“theGuardianreported可知”，这是一篇新闻报道，故选B。
可知，与陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。
B。
（3）考查推理判断。
这个举例出现在倒数第四段，根据倒数第五段中的“Soisita
coincidencethatyoubecomefriendswithpeoplewhoshareyourgenes?
Notatall.Infact,itisevolutionthatbringsyoutogether.”你与你基因相似的人变成朋友是偶然吗？
并不是这样
的。
实际上，是进化将你们带到一起。
可知，倒数第四段应该是对进化如何将你们带到一
起成为朋友的解释。
本段谈到了有相似基因的人也有相似的技能和喜好，然后以古代人为
例，说明只有遇到拥有相似技能基因的人他们才能发展语言技能，同时，同样对冷感受比
较强烈的人更可能会互相帮助生火，作者举这些例子都是为了说明人们选择了拥有相似基
因的人为友，是因为进化的需要，故选
（4）考查细节理解。
根据倒数第三段的中的“Thisisprobablybecausepeoplewhosmell
thingsinthesamewayaremoreeasilydrawntosimilarenvironments.可能是因为嗅觉相同”的
人更容易去相似的环境，可知，有相同嗅觉基因的人更容易被吸引去相似的环境中。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
In2015,amannamedNigelRichardsmemorized386,000wordsintheentireFrenchScrabble
Dictionaryinjustnineweeks.However,hedoesnotspeakFrench.Richards'
impressivefeatisa
usefulexampletoshowhowartificialintelligenceworks—realAI.BothofRichardandAItakein
massiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyina
certainfield.
ThepotentialapplicationsforAIareextremelyexciting.BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansat
routinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableof
replacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.
ButnoteveryjobwillbereplacedbyAI.Infactfourtypesofjobsarenotatriskatall.First,
therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.Second,thecomplex,strategicjobs—executives,diplomats,economists
—gowellbeyondtheAIlimitationofsingle-fieldandBigData.Thentherearetheas-yet-unknownjobsthatwillbecreatedbyAI.
Areyouworriedthatthesethreetypesofjobswon'
temployasmanypeopleasAIwillreplace?
Nottoworry,asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:
jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.Thesejobsrequirecompassion,trustandsympathy—whichAIdoesnothave.AndevenifAItriedtofakeit,nobodywouldwantarobottellingthemtheyhavecancer,orarobottobabysittheirchildren.
SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.Thismustbetheresponsibilitynotjustofthegovernment,whichcanprovidefunds,butalsoofcorporationsandthosewhobenefitmost.
（1）Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?
（2）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"
outperform"
underlinedinparagraph2?
A.BesuperiortoB.BeinferiortoC.
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