美国独立宣言英文版Word文件下载.docx

美国独立宣言英文版Word文件下载.docx

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andsuchisnowtheNecessitywhichconstrainsthemtoaltertheirformerSystemsofGovernment.TheHistoryofthepresentKingofGreat-BritainisaHistoryofrepeatedInjuriesandUsurpations,allhavingindirectObjecttheEstablishmentofanabsoluteTyrannyovertheseStates.Toprovethis,letFactsbesubmittedtoacandidWorld.HEhasrefusedhisAssenttoLaws,themostwholesomeandnecessaryforthepublicGood.HEhasforbiddenhisGovernorstopassLawsofimmediateandpressingImportance,unlesssuspendedintheirOperationtillhisAssentshouldbeobtained;

andwhensosuspended,hehasutterlyneglectedtoattendtothem.HEhasrefusedtopassotherLawsfortheAccommodationoflargeDistrictsofPeople,unlessthosePeoplewouldrelinquishtheRightofRepresentationintheLegislature,aRightinestimabletothem,andformidabletoTyrantsonly.HEhascalledtogetherLegislativeBodiesatPlacesunusual,uncomfortable,anddistantfromtheDepositoryoftheirpublicRecords,forthesolePurposeoffatiguingthemintoCompliancewithhisMeasures.HEhasdissolvedRepresentativeHousesrepeatedly,foropposingwithmanlyFirmnesshisInvasionsontheRightsofthePeople.HEhasrefusedforalongTime,aftersuchDissolutions,tocauseotherstobeelected;

wherebytheLegislativePowers,incapableoftheAnnihilation,havereturnedtothePeopleatlargefortheirexercise;

theStateremaininginthemeantimeexposedtoalltheDangersofInvasionfromwithout,andtheConvulsionswithin.HEhasendeavouredtopreventthePopulationoftheseStates;

forthatPurposeobstructingtheLawsforNaturalizationofForeigners;

refusingtopassotherstoencouragetheirMigrationshither,andraisingtheConditionsofnewAppropriationsofLands.HEhasobstructedtheAdministrationofJustice,byrefusinghisAssenttoLawsforestablishingJudiciaryPowers.HEhasmadeJudgesdependentonhisWillalone,fortheTenureoftheirOffices,andtheAmountandPaymentoftheirSalaries.HEhaserectedaMultitudeofnewOffices,andsenthitherSwarmsofOfficerstoharrassourPeople,andeatouttheirSubstance.HEhaskeptamongus,inTimesofPeace,StandingArmies,withouttheconsentofourLegislatures.HEhasaffectedtorendertheMilitaryindependentofandsuperiortotheCivilPower.HEhascombinedwithotherstosubjectustoaJurisdictionforeigntoourConstitution,andunacknowledgedbyourLaws;

givinghisAssenttotheirActsofpretendedLegislation:

FORquarteringlargeBodiesofArmedTroopsamongus;

FORprotectingthem,byamockTrial,fromPunishmentforanyMurderswhichtheyshouldcommitontheInhabitantsoftheseStates:

FORcuttingoffourTradewithallPartsoftheWorld:

FORimposingTaxesonuswithoutourConsent:

FORdeprivingus,inmanyCases,oftheBenefitsofTrialbyJury:

FORtransportingusbeyondSeastobetriedforpretendedOffences:

FORabolishingthefreeSystemofEnglishLawsinaneighbouringProvince,establishingthereinanarbitraryGovernment,andenlargingitsBoundaries,soastorenderitatonceanExampleandfitInstrumentforintroducingthesameabsoluteRulesintotheseColonies:

FORtakingawayourCharters,abolishingourmostvaluableLaws,andalteringfundamentallytheFormsofourGovernments:

FORsuspendingourownLegislatures,anddeclaringthemselvesinvestedwithPowertolegislateforusinallCaseswhatsoever.HEhasabdicatedGovernmenthere,bydeclaringusoutofhisProtectionandwagingWaragainstus.HEhasplunderedourSeas,ravagedourCoasts,burntourTowns,anddestroyedtheLivesofourPeople.HEis,atthisTime,transportinglargeArmiesofforeignMercenariestocompleattheWorksofDeath,Desolation,andTyranny,alreadybegunwithcircumstancesofCrueltyandPerfidy,scarcelyparalleledinthemostbarbarousAges,andtotallyunworthytheHeadofacivilizedNation.HEhasconstrainedourfellowCitizenstakenCaptiveonthehighSeastobearArmsagainsttheirCountry,tobecometheExecutionersoftheirFriendsandBrethren,ortofallthemselvesbytheirHands.HEhasexciteddomesticInsurrectionsamongstus,andhasendeavouredtobringontheInhabitantsofourFrontiers,themercilessIndianSavages,whoseknownRuleofWarfare,isanundistinguishedDestruction,ofallAges,SexesandConditions.INeverystageoftheseOppressionswehavePetitionedforRedressinthemosthumbleTerms:

OurrepeatedPetitionshavebeenansweredonlybyrepeatedInjury.APrince,whoseCharacteristhusmarkedbyeveryactwhichmaydefineaTyrant,isunfittobetheRulerofafreePeople.NORhavewebeenwantinginAttentionstoourBritishBrethren.WehavewarnedthemfromTimetoTimeofAttemptsbytheirLegislaturetoextendanunwarrantableJurisdictionoverus.WehaveremindedthemoftheCircumstancesofourEmigrationandSettlementhere.WehaveappealedtotheirnativeJusticeandMagnanimity,andwehaveconjuredthembytheTiesofourcommonKindredtodisavowtheseUsurpations,which,wouldinevitablyinterruptourConnectionsandCorrespondence.TheytoohavebeendeaftotheVoiceofJusticeandofConsanguinity.Wemust,therefore,acquiesceintheNecessity,whichdenouncesourSeparation,andholdthem,asweholdtherestofMankind,EnemiesinWar,inPeace,Friends.WE,therefore,theRepresentativesoftheUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA,inGENERALCONGRESS,Assembled,appealingtotheSupremeJudgeoftheWorldfortheRectitudeofourIntentions,do,intheName,andbyAuthorityofthegoodPeopleoftheseColonies,solemnlyPublishandDeclare,ThattheseUnitedColoniesare,andofRightoughttobe,FREEANDINDEPENDENTSTATES;

thattheyareabsolvedfromallAllegiancetotheBritishCrown,andthatallpoliticalConnectionbetweenthemandtheStateofGreat-Britain,isandoughttobetotallydissolved;

andthatasFREEANDINDEPENDENTSTATES,theyhavefullPowertolevyWar,concludePeace,contractAlliances,establishCommerce,andtodoallotherActsandThingswhichINDEPENDENTSTATESmayofrightdo.AndforthesupportofthisDeclaration,withafirmRelianceontheProtectionofdivineProvidence,wemutuallypledgetoeachotherourLives,ourFortunes,andoursacredHonor.JohnHancock.GEORGIA,ButtonGwinnett,LymanHall,Geo.Walton.NORTH-CAROLINA,Wm.Hooper,JosephHewes,JohnPenn.SOUTH-CAROLINA,EdwardRutledge,ThosHeyward,junr.,ThomasLynch,junr.,ArthurMiddleton.MARYLAND,SamuelChase,Wm.Paca,Thos.Stone,CharlesCarroll,ofCarrollton.VIRGINIA,GeorgeWythe,RichardHenryLee,Ths.Jefferson,Benja.Harrison,Thos.Nelson,jr.,FrancisLightfootLee,CarterBraxton.PENNSYLVANIA,Robt.Morris,BenjaminRush,Benja.Franklin,JohnMorton,Geo.Clymer,Jas.Smith,Geo.Taylor,JamesWilson,Geo.Ross.DELAWARE,CaesarRodney,Geo.Read.NEW-YORK,Wm.Floyd,Phil.Livingston,FrankLewis,LewisMorris.NEW-JERSEY,Richd.Stockton,Jno.Witherspoon,Fras.Hopkinson,JohnHart,Abra.Clark.NEW-HAMPSHIRE,JosiahBartlett,Wm.Whipple,MatthewThornton.MASSACHUSETTS-BAY,Saml.Adams,JohnAdams,Robt.TreatPaine,ElbridgeGerry.RHODE-ISLANDANDPROVIDENCE,C.Step.Hopkins,WilliamEllery.CONNECTICUT,RogerSherman,Saml.Huntington,Wm.Williams,OliverWolcott.INCONGRESS,JANUARY18,1777.

在有关人类事务的发展过程中，当一个民族必须解除其和另一个民族之间的政治联系，并在世界各国之间依照自然法则和上帝的意旨，接受独立和平等的地位时，出于人类舆论的尊重，必须把他们不得不独立的原因予以宣布。

　　我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的：

人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。

为了保障这些权利，人类才在他们之间建立政府，而政府之正当权力，是经被治理者的同意而产生的。

当任何形式的政府对这些目标具破坏作用时，人民便有权力改变或废除它，以建立一个新的政府；

其赖以奠基的原则，其组织权力的方式，务使人民认为唯有这样才最可能获得他们的安全和幸福。

为了慎重起见，成立多年的政府，是不应当由于轻微和短暂的原因而予以变更的。

过去的一切经验也都说明，任何苦难，只要是尚能忍受，人类都宁愿容忍，而无?

?

意为了本身的权益便废除他们久已习惯了的政府。

但是，当追逐同一目标的一连串滥用职权和强取豪夺发生，证明政府企图把人民置于专制统治之下时，那么人民就有权利，也有义务推翻这个政府，并为他们未来的安全建立新的保障－－这就是这些殖民地过去逆来顺受的情况，也是它们现在不得不改变以前政府制度的原因。

当今大不列颠国王的历史，是接连不断的伤天害理和强取豪夺的历史，这些暴行的唯一目标，就是想在这些州建立专制的暴政。

为了证明所言属实，现把下列事实向公正的世界宣布：

　　他拒绝批准对公众利益最有益、最必要的法律。

　　他禁止他的总督们批准迫切而极为必要的法律，要不就把这些法律搁置起来暂不生效，等待他的同意；

而一旦这些法律被搁置起来，他对它们就完全置之不理。

　　他拒绝批准便利广大地区人民的其它法律，除非那些人民情愿放弃自己在立法机关中的代表权；

但这种权利对他们有无法