专题七情态动词Word下载.docx
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c.虚拟：
couldhavedone本来能够…但是…表示对过去能做而未做的事感到遗憾
eg.1）.IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Icouldhavefinishedit.
2）.Icouldhavecaughtupwiththem,butmyleftlegwashurt.
1.may/might
A.may
a.否定答语：
mustn’t（千万不要）/can’t/maynot/I’mafraid…
①常用于肯定句、否定句，不用于疑问句②对现在或未来的推测”may+v”，对过去的推测mayhavedone
eg.1.Hemaynotbefreeatthemoment.可能不（部分）
2.Hecan’tbefreeatthemoment.不可能（全部）
3.Whocanbestudyingintheclassroomnow?
c.表示祝愿
eg.1.Mayallyourdreamscometrue.
2.Maythereneverbeanotherwar.
B.might
b.对现在情况的推测，可能性比may小。
“mighthavedone”本来可以…但…
eg.Hemighthavesparedmesometime,butheforgotit.
3.must
a.否定答语needn’t/nothaveto
Youmustn’tleavetoday’sworktilltomorrow.
只用于肯定的陈述句中
Thelightgoesout.Hemustbeasleep.
①对现在推测（动作动词：
进行式状态动词：
一般式）
Hemustbewritingalettertohisgirlfriend.
Hemustbelieveinhishonesty.
②对过去推测
youtwomusthavetalkedlastnight.
c.表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦
d.must/haveto
eg.1.Whymustyoubesocareless?
2.Thecarmustbreakdownjustwhenwewereabouttostartoff.
3.Idon’tlikethisbike,Imustbuyanother.
4.Mybikehasbrokendown,Ihavetobuyanother.
4.should/oughtto
a.表示责任、义务或必要性“应该”
eg.1.Weshouldhelpeachotherinourwork.
2.Hesaidsuchathingoughttobeallowedtohappen.
3．Youshouldhaveboughtanewlockforthefrontdoor.
根据逻辑思维得出的结论，仅用于肯定句。
eg.Ifyoustudyhard,thereoughttobenotroubleinimprovingyourEnglish.
c.虚拟，表示责备
eg.Tomoughtnottohavetoldmeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.
d.oughtto从义务、责任按理推断should从说话人的个人看法这一角度讲。
It’snearly7:
00now.Jackshouldbehereatanymoment.
—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?
Ineedthemtomorrow.
—Theybereadyby12:
00.
A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need
e.表示劝告或推荐
eg.1.Heshouldstopsmoking.
2.Youshouldn’tleaveababyaloneinahouse.
f.表示试探性推断
eg.1.Heshouldarrivebeforedark.
2.IshouldhavefinishedreadingitbyFriday.
g.表示假定的结果
eg.1.Weshouldmovetoalargerhouseifwehadmoremoney.
2.IfIwasaskedtoworkonSundaysIshouldresign.
a.表示某事不太可能发生。
Eg.1.Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,doletmeknow.
2.Shouldanyonephone,pleasetellthemI’mbusy.
b.表示意想不到的结果““竟然””。
Eg.It’sonlytoosurprisingthatheshouldn’thavepassedtheentranceexamination.
c.shall的过去式：
eg.Hethoughtthatweshouldmakeafreshstartatonce.
5.would
a.决心、意愿
Noonewouldliveinthedesert.
b.委婉语气，表示询问或请求。
Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?
c.过去反复发生的动作或做向
Inclass,hewouldasksomesillyquestionsandhisclassmateswouldlaughathim.
6.will
a.表示意志、愿望或决心
—Look!
Whatyou’vedone.
—Sorry.I’llneverdothatagain.
b.征求对方意见或请求willyou…?
Yes,Iwill./sure/allright/yes,please.
No,Iwon’t./sorry,Ican’t/No,thanks.
7.shall
a.用于一、三人称表示征询对方意见或向对方请求指示。
Whenshallhebeabletoleavehospital?
b.用于二、三人称表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
Youshallhaveanewdressforyourbirthday.
c.用于第一人称表示允诺、意愿、决心
Ishallwritetoyouagainattheendofthemonth.
d.表示预言
Weshan’tknowtheresultsuntilnextweek.
Shallwebethereintimeforsupper?
8.need/dare
a.作为情态动词，用在否定和疑问句中，无人称变化。
eg.1.Hedarenotwalkthroughtheforestatnight.
2.Hedares（to）walkthroughtheforestatnight.
3.Hedoesn’tdaretowalkthroughtheforestatnight.
b.dare用于肯定句的场合：
条件句、表怀疑的名词从句或Idaresay习语中
eg.1.Iftheenemydareenterthevillage,we’llfightagainstthemtotheend.
2.Iwonderhowhedaresaysuchthings.
c.needn’thavedone:
做了不必要做的事
didn’tneedtodo：
没有必要做某事
eg.—Istartedtowalk,butPetergavemealife.
—Soyoudidn’tneedtowalkafterall.
d.need作实义动词时注意下句型：
eg.1.Thechairneedstoberepaired.
2.Thechairneedsrepairing.
3.Youneedtorepairthechair.
Notes:
1.表示推测的情态动词主要有两类：
a.肯定推测：
must>
may>
might（或许）
b.否定推测：
can’t（不可能）>
couldn’t（不会）>
maynot（也许不）>
mightnot（或许不）
2．情态动词表示推测的答题原理：
a.只要有客观事实根据，则无论是肯定还是否定推测，可能性最大且符合时间要求的情态动词为最佳答案（一看是否有客观事实根据）
b.如无客观事实根据，纯凭主观臆断，则无论是肯定还是否定推测，可能性最小且符合时间要求的情态动词为最佳答案（二看推测时间）。
eg.1.Itlastnight,forthegroundwaswetthismorning.
A.mustrainB.mayrainC.musthaverainedD.mayrain
2.SorryI’mlate.Ihaveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.
A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will
3.—Someoneknockedatthedooratmidnight.Whoit（be）?
—ItXiaoWang.Isawhimgotoyourhouse.
—ItXiaoWang.ButI’mjustguessing.
—ItXiaoWang.Hewaswithmeallthenight.
Ex.
1.Itistoostrangethathesuchasillything.
A.shouldhavedoneB.shoulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.woulddo
2.Yougetarisesolongasyoufinishthejobontime.
A.willB.wouldC.shallD.should
3.Yougetfiredunlessyoufinishthejobontime.
4.WhenGrandpawasalive,hetellmestorieswhenhewasfree.
5.Hestoodthere,lifehishead.
A.notdaretoB.notdaringC.daringnottoD.notdaringto
6.It’stooneartheforesthere.Youplaywithfire.
A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shan’t
7.—Ibetoogratefultoyou!
—Youarewelcome.
8.Ifheworkinourcompany,showhimin.
A.shallB./C.mustn’tD.shan’t
9.Ihavepassedtheexam,haditnotbeenformyterriblefeverthatday.
A.shouldB.canC.mightD.must
10.Idon’tthinkhegivenhishealth.
A.needanoperationB.needbeoperated
C.needsbeoperatedonD.needsoperatingon
11.Itissunny.Youyourumbrellahere.
A.can’thavetakenB.don’tneedtotake
C.needn’thavetakenD.didn’tneedtotake
12.IaskedhimifIturndowntheradioalittle.
13.Iamonlytoogladthatyouthebiglottery.
A.mighthavewonB.canhavewonC.shouldhavewonD.musthavewon
14.anyonetelephoneme,tellhimI’mnotbackuntilnextSunday.
A.ShouldB.CanC.MightD.If
15.Therewasalotoffunatyesterday’sparty,youcome,butwhydidn’tyou?
A.musthaveB.shouldC.needhaveD.oughttohave
16.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryonegetout.
A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto
17.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?
—I’mnotsure.Igototheconcertinstead.
A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might
18.—Willyoustayforlunch?
—Sorry,,mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.
A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t
19.Whenhewasthere,hegotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.
A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might
20.—IsthereatraintoGuangzhoutonight?
—Therebe.I’llphonetherailwaystationandfinditout.
A.mustB.mightC.wouldD.can
21.Wetriedhardtostophimfromgoingthere,buthejustlisten.
A.won’tB.wouldn’tC.mightnotD.maynot
22.—heuseyourbike?
—Certainly.Hereisthekey.
A.DoesB.MustC.ShallD.Will
23.Petercomewithustonight,butheisn’tverysure.
A.mustB.mayC.canD.will
24.—Ifinishtheworkbeforeyouleave?
—No,you.
A.Must;
mustn’tB.Need;
mustn’tC.Need;
needn’tD.Shall;
shan’t
25.—Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet!
—.
A.Yes,IwillB.Yes,IamC.Yes,IdoD.Yes,Ican
26.—ShallIgoandbuytwomorebottlesofbeer?
—No.I’vealreadyboughttwenty.Thatbeenoughforustwo.
A.canB.mayC.oughttoD.might
24.—DidDoricegooutlastnight?
—Yes,butsheathome.Herlittlesisterneededhercare.
A.mayhavestayedB.musthavestayedC.shouldstayD.oughttohavestayed
25.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?
—Yes,ofcourseyou.
A.mightB.willC.canD.should
29.Sir,youbesittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.
A.oughtn’ttoB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t
30.—DoyoustillrememberwhenwewentgotheGreatWall?
—Ican’trememberitwell,butsometimelastautumn?
A.mightitbeB.mustithavebeenC.coulditbeD.couldithavebeen
KEYS:
1-10ACCBD/CADCD11-20CACAD/DDBAB21-30BCBCA/CDCAD
SubjunctiveMood
A.TypesofMoods:
陈述；
祈使；
虚拟。
B.Typesof“subjunctivemood”:
1.Formsofif:
If-clause
Main-clause
present
did/were
would/should/could/might+v
future
did/wereto/should
past
haddone
would/should/could/might+havedone
eg.1）.IfIwereyou,Ishould/would/could/mightlearnEnglishharderthanbefore.
2）.Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,themeetingwould/could/might
beputoffagain.
3）.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Ishouldn’t/wouldn’t/couldn’t/mightnothavefailed
intheexamination.
Notes:
a.交叉型：
当条件状语从句表示的行为与主句的行为发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据时间来调整。
eg.1）.Ifyouhadnotworkedhard,youwouldn’tbeverytirednow.
2）.Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldknowthisnow.
3）.IfyouhadpracticedspeakingEnglishmore,youwouldbeabletospeakitfluently.
b.倒装型：
if从句中有were,had,should时，可省略if，将其提前引起倒装。
eg.1）.Wereanyonetoaskme,tellhimI’mabsent.
2）.
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