专英练习题Word格式文档下载.docx

专英练习题Word格式文档下载.docx

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resourcemanagement

protocolhierarchy协议分层

distributedsystem

moduletesting模块测试

primarystorage主存储器

relationalDB关系型数据库

distributedOS分布式操作系统

WebpagesWeb页，网页

networkarchitecture网络体系结构

dataacquisition数据采集

requirementanalysis需求分析

InternetofThings物联网

keyframe关键帧，主要帧

serialsorting串行排序

electronic-government电子政务

virtualreality虚拟现实

dataflowdiagram数据流图

cloudcomputing云计算

twistedpair双绞线、双扭线

e-commerce电子商务

9.Micro-blogging微博

real-timesystem实时系统

searchengine搜索引擎

videochip视频剪辑

mobileWeb移动万维网

wirelessWeb无线万维网

videoondemand（VOD）视频点播

applicationsuite应用（软件）套件，应用程序集

（二）.FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations.（根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。

）

（API）应用程序接口

GUI（GraphicalUserInterface）图形用户接口

Business-to-Business（BtoB,B2B）商业对商业

StructuredQueryLanguage（SQL）结构化查询语言

EnterpriseResourcePlanning（ERP）企业资源计划

超文本标记语言HTML

局域网LAN

文件传输协议FTP

集成电路IC

社交网服务SNS

MFC（MicrosoftFoundationClass）微软（公司）基础类（库）

管理信息系统MIS

中央处理器CPU

随机存储器RAM

视频图形阵列（显示卡）VGA

算术/逻辑部件（运算器）ALU

网络接口卡NIC

超文本标记语言HTML

数据库管理系统DBMS

计算机辅助设计CAD

通用串行总线USB

无线局域网WLAN

SoftwareDevelopmentKit（SDK）软件开发套件

PortableDocumentFormat（PDF）可移植的文档格式

InternetInformationServices（IIS）因特网信息服务

VirtualPrivateNetwork（VPN）虚拟专用网

（三）.Matcheachofthefollowingtermstothephraseordefinitionthatismostcloselyrelated.（词语匹配。

usersomeonewhodoesnotnecessarilyhavemuchtechnicalknowledgeaboutcomputersbutwhomakesdecisionsbasedoninformationprocessedbythecomputer.

laptopcomputerakindofportablecomputerwhichcanbeputonthelap.

binarysystemanumberingsystembasedonthedigits0and1

chipset

MostCPUstodayuseachipsetofoneormorechipsthathelpbridgeorconnectthevariousbusestotheCPU.

encapsulation

Thewayeachobjectcombinesitsmemberdataandmemberfunctions（methods）intoasinglestructure.

Wiki（维基）

AserverprogramthatallowsuserstocollaborateinformingthecontentofaWebsite.

menus

Asetofoptions—usuallytextbased—fromwhichtheusercanchoosetoinitiateadesiredactioninaprogram.

switch

Incommunications,acomputerorelectronmechanicaldevicethatcontrolsroutingandoperationofasignalpath.

soundhardware

Beforesoundcanbeprocessed,acomputerneedsinput/outputdevices.

hacker

Mostlyreferstocomputercriminals,duetothemassmediausageofthewordsincethe1980s.

webservices

Aserviceinterfaceenablingclientstointeractwithserversinamoregeneralwaythanwebbrowsersdo.

backdoorInthesecurityofasystem,aholedeliberatelyleftinplacebydesignersormaintainers,maybeintendedforusebyservicetechnicians.

outputinformationtransferredfromprimarystoragetoanydeviceoutsidethecomputer.

networktwoormorecomputerslinkedbycommunicationlines.

fiberopticsdatatransmissionusingcablemadeofopticalfibersinsteadofcopperwire.

Middlewaresoftwareoccupyingamiddlepositionbetweenapplicationprogramsandoperatingsystems.

ControlunitThefunctionunitthatisresponsibleforsupervisingtheoperationoftheentirecomputersystem.

sordsizeThetermusedtodescribethesizeofoperandregistersandbuses.

inheritance

Aclassisallowedtoinheritpropertiesfromaclassofobjectsinobject-orientedprogramming.

software

Ageneraltermforthevariouskindsofprogramsusedtooperatecomputersandrelateddevices.

WAN

Acommunicationsnetworkthatconnectsgeographicallyseparatedareas.

gateway

Adevicethatconnectsnetworksusingdifferentcommunicationsprotocolssothatinformationcanbepassedfromonetotheother.

data

Anyfacts,numbers,ortextthatcanbeprocessedbyacomputer.

relationaldatabase

Adatabasethatconformstotherelationalmodel,andreferstoadatabase’sdataandschema（thedatabase’sstructureofhowthatdataisarranged）.

ERP

Awaytointegratethedataandprocessesofanorganizationintoonesinglesystem.

二、单项选择。

共10分

1._____B____referstothenumberofindividualdotsofcolor,knownaspixels,containedonadisplay.

A.DotPitchB.ResolutionC.RefreshRatD.ScanStyle

2.Mostoperatingsystemhaveastandardsetof___B______tohandletheprocessingofallinputandoutputinstructions.

A.spreadsheetB.controlinstructions

C.I/OoperationD.datatable

3.TwocommonapplicationsofLANsare__D_______resourcesharingandinformationresourcesharing.

A.softwareB.computerC.networkD.hardware

4.WithInternetExplorerandanInternetconnection,youcansearchforandviewinformationonthe__D______.

A.ActiveDesktopB.Programs

C.PhoneDialerD.WorldWideWeb

5.ConsideringthelevelofI/Oactivityinmostprograms,theIOCSinstructionsareextremelyvital.

8.EveryprocessorwithauniquesetofoperationssuchasADD,STORE,orLOADthatrepresenttheprocessor’sinstructionset.

9.Distributedcontrol,alsoknownasdecentralizedcontrol,distributesthecontrolfunctionbetweenallthedevicesonthebus.

10.Whenyoutakepossessionofanewcomputersystem,youshouldfindthatmostofthehardwareandsoftwareyouneedarealreadyinplace.

11.MostprogramstodayuseagraphicaluserinterfaceorGUI（pronounced"

goo-ey"

）,whichusesgraphicalobjects（suchasiconsandbuttons）andthemousetomuchmoreeasilytellthecomputerwhattheuserwantsittodo.

ManyPCsoftwarevendorsenhancetheirproductsinsomemajorwayeveryyearortwo,promptinguserstoupgrade.

Minorversions,calledreleases,typicallyincreasetheirnumberinincrementsof0.1-suchas1.1,1.2,and1.3-or.01.

12.Shouldthatroutebecomelessthanoptimalorentirelyunusable,therouterselectsthenext-bestpath.

13.WWWenablesuserstosearch,access,anddownloadinformationfromaworldwideseriesofnetworkedserverswhereinformationisdynamicallyinterlinked.

14.Unlikeassemblyprograms,highlevellanguageprogramsmaybeusedwithdifferentmakesofcomputerswithlittlemodification.

二、Comprehension（阅读理解,共30分）

（一）.Readandfillintheblankswiththefollowingwordsortechnicalterms.Changetheformsifnecessary.（从下面选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。

6章ppt课件（p6.6）

Web2.0:

TheNewFaceoftheWeb

InthelastfewyearsanewclassofWebapplications,knownasWeb2.0（orService-OrientedApplications）,hasemerged.Theseapplicationsletpeoplecollaborateandshareinformationonlineinseeminglynewways-examplesincludesocialnetworkingsitessuchas,mediasharingsitessuchas,andcollaborativeauthoringsitessuchaswikipedia.

Thenew-（second-）generationWeb,alsoknownasTheWisdomWeb（LevyandStone,2006）,thePeople-CentricWeb,andtheRead/WriteWeb，offerssmartuserinterfacesandbuilt-infacilitiesforuserstogenerateandeditcontentpresentedontheWebandtherebyenrichthecontentbase.Besidesleveragingtheusers’potentialingeneratingcontent,Web2.0applicationsprovidefacilitiestokeepthecontentundertheuser’sowncategories（taggingfeature）andaccessiteasily（Webfeedtool）.ThesenewbreedsofWebapplicationsarealsoabletointegratemultipleservicesunderarichuserinterface.

WiththeincorporationofnewWebtechnologiessuchasAJAX（AsynchronousJavaScriptandXML）,Ruby,blog,wiki,socialbook-marking,andtagging,theWebisfastbecomingmoredynamicandhighlyinteractive,whereuserscannotonlypickcontentfromasitebutcanalsocontributetoit.TheWebfeedtechnologyallowsuserstokeepupwithasite’slatestcontentwithouthavingtovisitit.AnotherfeatureofthenewWebistheproliferationofWebsiteswithAPIs（applicationprogramminginterfaces）.AnAPIfromaWebservicefacilitatesWebdevelopersincollectingdatafromtheserviceandcreatingnewonlineapplicationsbasedonthesedata.

TheWeb2.0isacollectionoftechnologies,businessstrategies,andsocialtrends.TheWeb2.0isahighlyinteractive,dynamicapplicationplatformthanitspredecessor,Web1.0,forfieldingnewkindsofapplications.Recently,awidearrayofWeb2.0applicationshasbeenlaunched.

（二）.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue（T）orfalse（F）accordingtothepassage（根据文章内容判断下列句子的正误。

8章10分

Nomatterhowcapablywewriteprograms,itisclearfromthevarietyofpossibleerrorsthatweshouldchecktoinsurethatourmodulesarecodedcorrectly.Manyprogrammersviewtestingasademonstrationthattheirprogramsperformproperly.However,theideaofdemonstratingcorrectnessisreallythereverseofwhattestingisallabout.[10]Wetestaprograminordertodemonstratetheexistenceofanerror.Becauseourgoalistodiscovererrors,wecanconsideratestsuccessfulonlywhenanerrorisdiscovered.Onceanerrorisfound,"

debugging"

orerrorcorrectionistheprocessofdeterminingwhatcausestheerrorandofmakingchangestothesystemsothattheerrornolongerexists.

Inthedevelopmentofalargesystem,testinginvolvesseveralstages.First,eachprogrammoduleistestedasasingleprogram,usuallyisolatedfromtheotherprogramsinthesystem.Suchtesting,knownasmoduletestingorunit-testing,verifiesthatthemodulefunctionsproperlywiththetypesofinputexpectedfromstudyingthemoduledesign.Unittestingisdoneinacontrolledenvironmentwheneverpossiblesothatthetestteamcanfeedapredeterminedsetofdata