马克吐温Word下载.docx
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metaphor.Endless:
hyperbole.
Thewholesentence:
parallelism.
句意:
MarkTwainisfamoustomostAmericansasthecreatorofHackFinnandTomSawyer.Hack'
ssailing/voyage/journey/travelontheriverwassopleasant,lighthearted,carefree,simpleandpeacefulthatitmadehisboyhoodseemtobeinfinite,whileTom'
sindependentmindandhisexcitinganddangerousactivitiesmadethesummerseemeverlasting.
3.idyllic:
[i/ai]adj.ofidyll,asimplehappyperiodoflife,ofteninthecountry,orascenefromsuchatime,adescriptionofthis,esp.apoem.田园诗的;
田园风光的;
生动逼真的;
质朴宜人的
idyll[‘idil,/aidl]n.shortpieceofpoetryorprosethat
describesahappyandpeacefulsceneorevent,espofcountrylife
eg.anidyllicsetting,holiday,marriage田园诗
4.cruise:
Acruiseisaholidayduringwhichyoutravelonashipandvisitlotsofplaces.(v.)tomoveataconstantspeedthatiscomfortableandunhurried.巡游
eg.Hewasonaworldcruise.
cruisemissile:
amissilewhichcarriesanuclearwarheadandwhichisguidedbyacomputerasitflies.Itcanbelaunchedfromtheland,seaorair.
eg.TheyspendthesummercruisingintheGreekislands.
eg.ThetaxicruisedoffdowntheChang'
anAvenue.
cruiser:
alargefastwarship.巡游舰艇
cf:
aircraftcarrier,helicoptercarrier,battleship,flagship,destroyer,speedboat,torpedoboat,etc.
5.everybitas…as:
infml,justas,quiteas完全,同样地
eg.Heiseverybitascleverasyouare.他与你同样聪明。
eg.I'
meverybitassorryaboutitasyou.
6.cynical:
Acynicalpersonbelievesthatallmenareselfish.Heseeslittleornogoodinanythingandshowsthisbymakingunkindandunfairremarksaboutpeopleandthings.玩世不恭的,愤世嫉俗的
cynic:
na.personwhobelievesthatpeopledonotdothingsforgood,sincereornoblereasons,butonlyfortheirownadvantage玩世不恭的人;
好挖苦人的人;
愤世嫉俗的人
b.Cynic:
memberofaschoolofancientGreekphilosophythatdespisedeaseandcomfort
acynicalremark,attitude,smile
eg.They'
vegrownrathercynicalaboutdemocracy,ienolongerbelievethatitisanhonestsystem.
7.deal,dealt:
togive,togiveout,tostrike,todistribute
g.Whodealsthecardsnext?
todealsb.ablow(打击)
Payattentiontothesentencestructureofthispart:
Saddenedbytheprofoundpersonaltragedieslifedealthim,hegrewcynical,bitter
8.obsess:
fillthemindcontinuously,AmE,toworrycontinuouslyandunnecessarily.Ifsthobsessesyouorifyouareobsessedwithitorbyit,youkeepthinkingaboutitoveralongperiodoftime,andfinditdifficulttothinkaboutanythingelse.使分心;
使心神困扰(尤指精神反常、着迷)
eg.Hebecameabsolutelyobsessedwithagirlreporterontelevision.
g.Sheisobsessedbythedesiretobecomeagreatscientist.
preoccupy:
tofillthethoughtsorholdtheinterestofsb.almostcompletely,esp.sothatnotenoughattentionisgiventoother(present)matters.
9.frailty:
aweaknessofcharacterorbehaviour.脆弱性;
虚弱性(尤指意志薄弱)
eg.Oneofthefrailtiesofhumannatureislaziness.
eg.Thatchairlookstoofrailtotakeaman'
sweight.
eg.Thereisonlyafrailchancethathewillpasstheexamination.
02.Trampprinter,riverpilot,Confederateguerrilla,prospector,starry-eyedoptimist,acid-tonguedcynic:
ThemanwhobecameMarkTwainwasbornSamuelLanghorneClemensandherangedacrossthenationformorethanathirdofhislife,digestingthenewAmericanexperiencebeforesharingitwiththeworldaswriterandlecturer.Headoptedhispennamefromthecryheardinhissteamboatdays,signalingtwofathoms(12feet)ofwater--anavigabledepth.Hispopularityisattestedbythefactthatmorethanascoreofhisbooksremaininprint,andtranslationsarestillreadaroundtheworld.
印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家:
马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯,他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地,体验着美国的新生活,尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻(12英尺)——意即可以通航的信号语。
他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行,其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者,由此可见他的享誉程度。
10.tramp:
(n.)apersonwhohasnohomeorpermanentjobandverylittlemoney.Trampsgofromplacetoplacegettingfoodandmoneybytakingoccasionaljoborbegging.Awomanwhoisthoughttohavesexwithalotofmeniscursedtobeatramp.
(v.)trampmeanstowalkheavilyinaparticulardirectionoralongroadsorstreets.步行;
徒步旅行
eg.There'
satrampatthedoorbeggingforfood.
eg,Wetrampedforhoursthroughthesnow.
eg.Don'
ttrampaboutsonoisily,you'
llwakeeveryoneup.
盲流,”blindflow”,unauthorizedmove,personswhomovewithoutgovernmentsanction
11.pilot:
apersonwhowithspecialknowledgeofaparticularstretchofwater,esp.theentranceofaharbour,andwhoistrainedandspeciallyemployedtogoonboardandguideshipsthatuseit.
eg.Apilotisalsoapersonwhoistrainedtoflyanaircraft.
12.ConfederateStatesofAmerica(1861-65),alsoConfederacy.thegovernmentestablishedbythesouthernstatesoftheUSaftertheirsecession/officialseparationfromtheunion.WhenpresidentLincolnwaselected(Nov.1860),sevenstates---SouthCarolina,Georgia,Louisiana,Mississippi,Florida,Alabama,andTexas,seceded/si'
si:
d/.AprovisionalgovernmentwassetupatMontgomery,Ala,andaconstitutionwasdrafted.Laterfourmorestates---Arkansas,NorthCarolina,Virginia,andTennessee---joined.Richmond,Va.,becamethecapital,andJeffersonDavisandA.H.Stephenswereelectedpresidentandvicepresident.ThestoryoftheConfederacyisthestoryofthelossoftheCivilWar.TheConfederacyfellafterGen.RobertEdwardLee'
ssurrenderinApr.1865toGen.GrantatAppomattox(townincent.Va)Courthouse.
13.guerrilla(guerilla):
amemberofanunofficialfightgroupwhichattackstheenemyinsmallgroupsunexpectedly.游击队
SongoftheGuerrillas游击队之歌
14.prospector:
apersonwhoexaminesthelandinordertofindgold,oil,etc.(矿藏等的)勘探者;
探矿者
15.starry:
fullofstarsinthesky,indicatingsparkling,glowing,andflashing.starry-eyed:
fullofunreasonableorsillyhopes.
Ifyouarestarry-eyed,youaresofullofdreamsorhopesoridealisticthoughtsthatyoudonotseehowthingsreallyare.过于理想的,不切实际的;
盲目乐观的
eg.Wewereallstarry-eyedaboutvisitingLondon.
16.acid-tongued:
Ifsb.isacid-tongued,hemakesunkindorcriticalremarks.说话尖刻的
Noticethatthefirstfourexpressionsrefertothejobhedidandthelasttwoexpressionsimplythecharacteristicfeatureofhispersonality.
17.range:
totravelwithoutanydefiniteplanordestination,afairlyliteraryuse.
wander,range,saunter,stroll
Wanderimpliestheabsenceofafixedcourseormoreorlessindifferencetoacoursethathasbeenfixedorotherwiseindicated.Thetermmayimplythemovementofawalkerwhetherhumanoranimal,butitmaybeusedofanythingcapableofdirection.vi.徘徊;
漫步;
迷路;
离题vt.游荡,漫游
eg.Hiseyeswanderedoverthelandscape.
g.Hismindwanderedandhewasunsureofhimself.
Rangemaybepreferredwhenliteralwanderingisnotimpliedorwhenthestressisonthesweepofterritorycoveredratherthanontheformoflocomotioninvolved.vi.(在...内)变动;
平行,列为一行;
延伸;
漫游;
射程达到vt.漫游;
放牧;
使并列;
归类于;
来回走动
eg.Hespentthesummerrangingtheworld.
g.Animalsrangethroughtheforests.
Saunterstressesaleisurelypaceandinidleandcarefreemind.闲逛;
漫步
Strolldiffersfromsaunterchieflyintheimplicationsofanobjective,(assight-seeingorexercise)pursuedwithouthasteandsometimeswithwanderingfromoneplacetoanother.散步;
闲逛;
巡回演出
eg.strolling(around)inthepark
18.digest:
a.Whenyoudigestfood,thefoodpassesthroughyourstomachandisbrokendownsothatyourbodycanuseit.消化
tgivethebabymeattoeat,becausehecannotdigestit.
b.Ifyoudigestinformation,youthinkaboutit,understandit,andrememberit.融会贯通,吸收
eg.Thereportcontainstoomuchtodigestatonereading.g.Hereadsrapidlybutdoesnotdigestverymuch.
c.Adigestisacollectionofthingsthathavebeenwritten,whichareputtogetherandpublishedagaininamoreconciseform.
eg.TheleadingmagazinesintheU.S.includeGolfDigest,Reader'
sDigest,andSoapOperaDigest
19.adopt:
totakeanduseasone'
sown.采取;
接受;
收养;
正式通过
eg.TheUSgovernmentdecidedtoadoptahardlinetowardsterrorists.
eg.Congresshasadoptedthenewmeasures.
g.Iadoptedtheirmethodofmakingthemachine.
adoptaname,acustom,anidea,astyleofdress
eg.Havingnochildrenoftheirowntheydecidedtoadoptanorphan/dog.
eg.Paul'
smotherhadhimadoptedbecauseshecouldn'
tlookafterhimherself.
eg.heradoptedcountry,ienothernativecountrybuttheoneinwhichshehaschosentolive
adept:
~(insth);
~(at/indoingsth)adj.熟练的;
擅长…的
eg.She'
sadeptatgrowingroses.
eg.He'
sanadeptincarpentry.
adapt~sth(forsth)makesthsuitableforanewuse,situation,etc;
modifysth适应,改编
eg.Thismachinehasbeensp