马克吐温Word下载.docx

马克吐温Word下载.docx

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metaphor.Endless:

hyperbole.

Thewholesentence:

parallelism.

句意：

MarkTwainisfamoustomostAmericansasthecreatorofHackFinnandTomSawyer.Hack'

ssailing/voyage/journey/travelontheriverwassopleasant,lighthearted,carefree,simpleandpeacefulthatitmadehisboyhoodseemtobeinfinite,whileTom'

sindependentmindandhisexcitinganddangerousactivitiesmadethesummerseemeverlasting.

3.idyllic:

[i/ai]adj.ofidyll,asimplehappyperiodoflife,ofteninthecountry,orascenefromsuchatime,adescriptionofthis,esp.apoem.田园诗的；

田园风光的；

生动逼真的；

质朴宜人的

idyll[‘idil,/aidl]n.shortpieceofpoetryorprosethat

describesahappyandpeacefulsceneorevent,espofcountrylife

eg.anidyllicsetting,holiday,marriage田园诗

4.cruise:

Acruiseisaholidayduringwhichyoutravelonashipandvisitlotsofplaces.（v.）tomoveataconstantspeedthatiscomfortableandunhurried.巡游

eg.Hewasonaworldcruise.

cruisemissile:

amissilewhichcarriesanuclearwarheadandwhichisguidedbyacomputerasitflies.Itcanbelaunchedfromtheland,seaorair.

eg.TheyspendthesummercruisingintheGreekislands.

eg.ThetaxicruisedoffdowntheChang'

anAvenue.

cruiser:

alargefastwarship.巡游舰艇

cf:

aircraftcarrier,helicoptercarrier,battleship,flagship,destroyer,speedboat,torpedoboat,etc.

5.everybitas…as:

infml,justas,quiteas完全，同样地

eg.Heiseverybitascleverasyouare.他与你同样聪明。

eg.I'

meverybitassorryaboutitasyou.

6.cynical:

Acynicalpersonbelievesthatallmenareselfish.Heseeslittleornogoodinanythingandshowsthisbymakingunkindandunfairremarksaboutpeopleandthings.玩世不恭的，愤世嫉俗的

cynic:

na.personwhobelievesthatpeopledonotdothingsforgood,sincereornoblereasons,butonlyfortheirownadvantage玩世不恭的人；

好挖苦人的人；

愤世嫉俗的人

b.Cynic:

memberofaschoolofancientGreekphilosophythatdespisedeaseandcomfort

acynicalremark,attitude,smile

eg.They'

vegrownrathercynicalaboutdemocracy,ienolongerbelievethatitisanhonestsystem.

7.deal,dealt:

togive,togiveout,tostrike,todistribute

g.Whodealsthecardsnext?

todealsb.ablow（打击）

Payattentiontothesentencestructureofthispart:

Saddenedbytheprofoundpersonaltragedieslifedealthim,hegrewcynical,bitter

8.obsess:

fillthemindcontinuously,AmE,toworrycontinuouslyandunnecessarily.Ifsthobsessesyouorifyouareobsessedwithitorbyit,youkeepthinkingaboutitoveralongperiodoftime,andfinditdifficulttothinkaboutanythingelse.使分心；

使心神困扰（尤指精神反常、着迷）

eg.Hebecameabsolutelyobsessedwithagirlreporterontelevision.

g.Sheisobsessedbythedesiretobecomeagreatscientist.

preoccupy:

tofillthethoughtsorholdtheinterestofsb.almostcompletely,esp.sothatnotenoughattentionisgiventoother（present）matters.

9.frailty:

aweaknessofcharacterorbehaviour.脆弱性；

虚弱性（尤指意志薄弱）

eg.Oneofthefrailtiesofhumannatureislaziness.

eg.Thatchairlookstoofrailtotakeaman'

sweight.

eg.Thereisonlyafrailchancethathewillpasstheexamination.

02.Trampprinter,riverpilot,Confederateguerrilla,prospector,starry-eyedoptimist,acid-tonguedcynic:

ThemanwhobecameMarkTwainwasbornSamuelLanghorneClemensandherangedacrossthenationformorethanathirdofhislife,digestingthenewAmericanexperiencebeforesharingitwiththeworldaswriterandlecturer.Headoptedhispennamefromthecryheardinhissteamboatdays,signalingtwofathoms（12feet）ofwater--anavigabledepth.Hispopularityisattestedbythefactthatmorethanascoreofhisbooksremaininprint,andtranslationsarestillreadaroundtheworld.

印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：

马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。

他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻（12英尺）——意即可以通航的信号语。

他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行，其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者，由此可见他的享誉程度。

10.tramp:

（n.）apersonwhohasnohomeorpermanentjobandverylittlemoney.Trampsgofromplacetoplacegettingfoodandmoneybytakingoccasionaljoborbegging.Awomanwhoisthoughttohavesexwithalotofmeniscursedtobeatramp.

（v.）trampmeanstowalkheavilyinaparticulardirectionoralongroadsorstreets.步行；

徒步旅行

eg.There'

satrampatthedoorbeggingforfood.

eg,Wetrampedforhoursthroughthesnow.

eg.Don'

ttrampaboutsonoisily,you'

llwakeeveryoneup.

盲流，”blindflow”,unauthorizedmove,personswhomovewithoutgovernmentsanction

11.pilot:

apersonwhowithspecialknowledgeofaparticularstretchofwater,esp.theentranceofaharbour,andwhoistrainedandspeciallyemployedtogoonboardandguideshipsthatuseit.

eg.Apilotisalsoapersonwhoistrainedtoflyanaircraft.

12.ConfederateStatesofAmerica（1861-65）,alsoConfederacy.thegovernmentestablishedbythesouthernstatesoftheUSaftertheirsecession/officialseparationfromtheunion.WhenpresidentLincolnwaselected（Nov.1860）,sevenstates---SouthCarolina,Georgia,Louisiana,Mississippi,Florida,Alabama,andTexas,seceded/si'

si:

d/.AprovisionalgovernmentwassetupatMontgomery,Ala,andaconstitutionwasdrafted.Laterfourmorestates---Arkansas,NorthCarolina,Virginia,andTennessee---joined.Richmond,Va.,becamethecapital,andJeffersonDavisandA.H.Stephenswereelectedpresidentandvicepresident.ThestoryoftheConfederacyisthestoryofthelossoftheCivilWar.TheConfederacyfellafterGen.RobertEdwardLee'

ssurrenderinApr.1865toGen.GrantatAppomattox（townincent.Va）Courthouse.

13.guerrilla（guerilla）:

amemberofanunofficialfightgroupwhichattackstheenemyinsmallgroupsunexpectedly.游击队

SongoftheGuerrillas游击队之歌

14.prospector:

apersonwhoexaminesthelandinordertofindgold,oil,etc.（矿藏等的）勘探者；

探矿者

15.starry:

fullofstarsinthesky,indicatingsparkling,glowing,andflashing.starry-eyed:

fullofunreasonableorsillyhopes.

Ifyouarestarry-eyed,youaresofullofdreamsorhopesoridealisticthoughtsthatyoudonotseehowthingsreallyare.过于理想的，不切实际的；

盲目乐观的

eg.Wewereallstarry-eyedaboutvisitingLondon.

16.acid-tongued:

Ifsb.isacid-tongued,hemakesunkindorcriticalremarks.说话尖刻的

Noticethatthefirstfourexpressionsrefertothejobhedidandthelasttwoexpressionsimplythecharacteristicfeatureofhispersonality.

17.range:

totravelwithoutanydefiniteplanordestination,afairlyliteraryuse.

wander,range,saunter,stroll

Wanderimpliestheabsenceofafixedcourseormoreorlessindifferencetoacoursethathasbeenfixedorotherwiseindicated.Thetermmayimplythemovementofawalkerwhetherhumanoranimal,butitmaybeusedofanythingcapableofdirection.vi.徘徊；

漫步；

迷路；

离题vt.游荡，漫游

eg.Hiseyeswanderedoverthelandscape.

g.Hismindwanderedandhewasunsureofhimself.

Rangemaybepreferredwhenliteralwanderingisnotimpliedorwhenthestressisonthesweepofterritorycoveredratherthanontheformoflocomotioninvolved.vi.（在...内）变动；

平行，列为一行；

延伸；

漫游；

射程达到vt.漫游；

放牧；

使并列；

归类于；

来回走动

eg.Hespentthesummerrangingtheworld.

g.Animalsrangethroughtheforests.

Saunterstressesaleisurelypaceandinidleandcarefreemind.闲逛；

漫步

Strolldiffersfromsaunterchieflyintheimplicationsofanobjective,（assight-seeingorexercise）pursuedwithouthasteandsometimeswithwanderingfromoneplacetoanother.散步；

闲逛；

巡回演出

eg.strolling（around）inthepark

18.digest:

a.Whenyoudigestfood,thefoodpassesthroughyourstomachandisbrokendownsothatyourbodycanuseit.消化

tgivethebabymeattoeat,becausehecannotdigestit.

b.Ifyoudigestinformation,youthinkaboutit,understandit,andrememberit.融会贯通，吸收

eg.Thereportcontainstoomuchtodigestatonereading.g.Hereadsrapidlybutdoesnotdigestverymuch.

c.Adigestisacollectionofthingsthathavebeenwritten,whichareputtogetherandpublishedagaininamoreconciseform.

eg.TheleadingmagazinesintheU.S.includeGolfDigest,Reader'

sDigest,andSoapOperaDigest

19.adopt:

totakeanduseasone'

sown.采取；

接受；

收养；

正式通过

eg.TheUSgovernmentdecidedtoadoptahardlinetowardsterrorists.

eg.Congresshasadoptedthenewmeasures.

g.Iadoptedtheirmethodofmakingthemachine.

adoptaname,acustom,anidea,astyleofdress

eg.Havingnochildrenoftheirowntheydecidedtoadoptanorphan/dog.

eg.Paul'

smotherhadhimadoptedbecauseshecouldn'

tlookafterhimherself.

eg.heradoptedcountry,ienothernativecountrybuttheoneinwhichshehaschosentolive

adept:

~（insth）;

~（at/indoingsth）adj.熟练的；

擅长…的

eg.She'

sadeptatgrowingroses.

eg.He'

sanadeptincarpentry.

adapt~sth（forsth）makesthsuitableforanewuse,situation,etc;

modifysth适应，改编

eg.Thismachinehasbeensp