全世界化背景下中国石油工程技术服务稳固进展策略Word文档下载推荐.docx

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strategiesbyallroundabouthowtoadjustindustrialstructure,toenhancetheoverallcompetitiveness

andtoeventuallyachieveasustainabledevelopment.

KeywordsGlobalization,PetroleumTechnologyServiceEnterprise,SWOTanalysis,Strategy

1Introduction

Asaglobalstrategicresource,petroleumplaysanimportantroleinforminganddevelopingworld

economicpattern.Theimbalanceofglobalpetroleumresourcedistributionandconsumptionconstructed

internationalpetroleumsupplyanddemandandcompetitionpattern,atthesametime,formedthe

developmentalandcompetitivebasisofglobalpetroleumtechnologyserviceindustry.

Petroleumtechnologyserviceisanindustrywhichspeciallyprovidesengineeringserviceand

technicalsupportservices.In21century,alongwithdrasticcompetitioninglobalmarket,international

petroleumindustryisacutelyrecombiningnow,whilebothoilandtechnologyserviceenterprise

participatedin.AfterourcountryjoiningWTOandservicetradebarrieramongcountriesbecoming

lower,internalpetroleumtechnologyservicemarkethastofacetheconcussionandchallengenever

heardbeforeunderthedualpressureoflocalpetroleummarketopeninggraduallyandoverseas

petroleumenterprisesgettinginto.

Therefore,itisaninevitabletrendforinternalpetroleumtechnologyserviceenterprisestointegrate

advantageousresourceaccordingtotheprofessionalprincipleandtheinternationaltechnologyservice

standard.Duringthisprocess,internalenterprisesshouldtakefulladvantageofthetransitionperiodto

implementaseriesofstrategiestocultivatesynthesisservicecapacity,anti-venturecapacityand

marketingcompetitioncapacityintheinternationalmarket.

2.Summaryofchinapetroleumtechnologyservice

Background

Indevelopedcountries,thesystemsofpetroleumcompanyandservicecompanyarecompletely

separate.InChina,thetwomajorpetroleumcompanies（CNPC&

SINO-PEC）allconsistoftwosystems

beforerecombination.Oneispetroleumcompanysystemwhichdealtwithoilandgasexploration,

production,refining,storageandtransportationanddistribution;

theotherisoilfieldservicesystem

whichdealtwithgeophysicalService,welllogging,welldrilling,downholeoperations,engineeringand

constructionandmachinemanufacturingetc..

In1998,China’spetroleumindustrystartedtosystemreform.Then,in1999,CNPCandSINOPEC

developedtheactivitiesthatrecombinedsuperiorasset,foundedlimitedliabilitycompanyandlisting

oversea.Afterthemainoperationslisting,theauxiliarypartbecameso-called‘Thestate-ownedexistent

andcontinuousenterprises’（SOECEs）.Atpresent,mostpetroleumtechnologyserviceenterprises

basicallyareexistentandcontinuousenterprisesbelongtoCNPCandSINOPEC.

Developmentsituation

TherecombinationofChinapetroleumindustryisathoroughreformwhichhadreceivedgood

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effects.Inthefollowingdevelopmentprocess,accordingtothegroupenterprises’uniteddispositionand

request,theaffiliatedtechnologyserviceenterpriseshadactivelypushedforwardtheinternalreformand

thestructureadjustment,andstronglyexpandedexteriormarkets.Inseveralyearstheyhadbasically

achievedsteadytransition,atthesametime,graduallystrengthenawarenessofserviceandmarket,

madegreatprogressinthe‘downsizing-for-efficiency’policy,increasedtheindustrialconcentrationand

improvedthemanagementcondition.

InDecember,2002,inordertoenhancethemainoperationandfacethefiercebothofdomestic

andinternationalphysicalexplorationmarkets,CNPCcontinuedtooperateabusinessreorganization

andestablishedtwoprofessionalcompaniesaboutphysicalexplorationandwelllogging,namedBGP

andCPL.Throughthisreorganization,CNPCfinishedanimportantsteptorecombineadvantageous

resources.However,comparingwithinternationallargeenterprises,internalenterprisesstillfacedalot

ofrestrictivefactors.Themainfactorsweretheweaktechniqueindependentinnovationcapability,the

slowstepofmarketdevelopmentandthelowefficiencyofmanagementsystem.Moreover,

decentralizedoperationscope,excessinternalcompetitionandseverestructurecontradictionarestill

urgenttobesolved.

3.Opportunityandchallengebroughtbyenvironmentchange

Opportunity

3.1.1Energyresourcedemandgrowingrapidlyathomeandabroad

Atpresent,globaleconomyisgrowingataveryfastpaceandChineseeconomyisdeveloping

persistentlyandsteadily.Allofthemstimulatetheenergyresourcedemandhomeandabroad,especially

petroleumresource.Alongwiththepetroleumexplorationanddevelopmentismoreandmoreintensive,

alargermarketofpetroleumtechnologyservicewillcomewith.That’sagreatopportunityfor

petroleumtechniqueserviceenterprisestodevelopinalongterm.

3.1.2Internalmarketopeningandpolicyrelaxing

JoiningWTOhasbeenagreatinfluenceondownstreamandtechniqueserviceofourpetroleum

industry.Itbroughtnotonlyseriouschallengebutalsonewopportunity.Withmarketgraduallyopened,

internalpolicyandsystemcircumstancewillbebetterandthestate-ownedmonopolyenterpriseswillbe

openinggradually.Theincreasingforeigninvestmentwillmoreenhancethecompetitionofinternal

fundandtechnologyintensiveindustry,whichwillbegoodforinternaltechnologyservicemarket

formingreasonablecompetitionstructureandindustrystructureupgrading.Allofabovearenecessary

forinternaltechniqueserviceenterprisesdevelopingtransnationaloperation.

3.1.3Thepetroleumtransnationaloperationbringingrelatedeffect

Theonlytradewayhasbeennotenoughtoensurenationalpetroleumsupplysecurity.The

transnationaloperationnowisthemainapproachtoacquireoverseapetroleumresource.Inthe

conditionthatinternalpetroleumenterprisesgoingouttoparticipateinpetroleumexplorationand

internaltechnologyservicecapacityandequipmentmanufacturecapacitybeingovermuch,internal

technologyserviceenterprisesgoingabroadfollowingoilenterprises,Ontheonehand,acquire

opportunitytoexpandoverseasmarket.Ontheotherhand,theycouldcooperatewithpetroleum

enterprisesininternationalmarketbytheircomparativeadvantage.

Challenge

3.2.1Globalpetroleummarketchangingveryfast

Becauseofthecomplexityofinternationalpetroleummarket,thecompetitionofsharingworld

petroleumresourcebecamemoreandmoreserious.Therearesomanyunstablefactorsexistinmosthot

regionsofinternationalpetroleuminvestment,suchastheunstablepoliticalsituation,discontinuous

policiesandweakergovernmentregulationcapacity.Alltheseincreaseddifficultyofinternationalinvest

risk.Inaddition,therearealsosomeotherfactorsinfluencethedevelopmentofpetroleumtechnology

serviceenterprises,forexample,thegasconsumeincreasesrapidlyinthemainenergy.

3.2.2ForeignenterprisesmovedtoChina

WiththeinterimendingofjoiningWTO,thestate-ownedenterprisemonopolizationwillbebroken.

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Dependingontheiradvancedmanagementexperienceandtechnology,foreigntechniqueservice

enterprisecouldenterinternalmarketexpediently.Undersuchsituation,afullycompetitivemarket

patternwillbringseveretestforthecompetitioncapacityandexistingmarketshareofinternaltechnique

serviceenterprise.

3.2.3Techniqueandequipmentmonopolizationofforeignenterprise

Theforeignpetroleumtechnologyserviceenterprisesmainlychangedtechniqueintomarketand

soldtechniqueandequipmentinthepast.Withtheinternalpetroleumtechniqueservicemarketgradual

opening,foreignenterpriseswillbelikelytochangetheirprimarymarketdevelopmentpolicyand

furtherattemptstomonopolizethetechniqueandequipments.Itwillbemoredifficultforinternal

enterprisestoupdateorrebuildtechniqueandequipments

3.2.4Seriouscompetitioninhumanresources

Nomatterinternalenterprisesorinternationalones,humanresourcecompetitionisthecoreof

marketcompetition.Withthemarketeconomysystemestablishingandperfecting,thehumanresource

competitionwillbemoreserious.Competitionsamongpetroleumtechniqueserviceenterpriseshome

andabroadanddifferentproprietorswillbemoreandmoreserious.

4.Advantagesanddisadvantagesofdomesticenterprises

Advantages

4.1.1Integratedindustrychain

Internalenterprises,mainlyCNPC,havebuiltupafullpetroleumtechnologyserviceindustrychain

whichconsistsofgeophysicalexploration,welllogging,welldrilling,downholeoperation,oilfield

surfaceengineeringpipelineandrefiningandchemicaloperationsandallkindsofproductssystem.

4.1.2Morematureexplorationanddevelopmenttheory

ThespecialgeologicenvironmentinChinamadethepetroleumexplorationanddevelopment

theorycomparativelymature.Besides,throughpractice,aseriesoflow-costtechniqueusingtosolve

complexoilandgasreservoirshavebeenformed,andthemainpartisinahighlevel.

4.1.3Compar