英语高考时文阅读材料七Word文档格式.docx

英语高考时文阅读材料七Word文档格式.docx

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毕业后发现所学的知识与现实脱节？

英国这所大学打算解决这个问题

AnewUKuniversitywantstoteachstudentsskillsemployersactuallywant

中国日报网2020-02-0609:

08

PhotobyJosephChanonUnsplash

Gettingauniversitydegreehasneverseemedmoreimportant:

collegegraduatesearnmoremoney,livelonger,andarehappier.Butcollegedegreesareexpensive（especiallyintheUS）,narrowlyfocused（especiallyintheUK）,andoftenfailtobuildtheskillsemployerswant（trueinmostcountries）.

AnewuniversityintheUKwantstochangethat.

TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool（LIS）,whichwilllaunch（开展）in2021withatargetof100students,willscrap（摈弃）traditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathree-yearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtotacklereal-worldissues.Thecurriculum（课程）isbuiltaroundinterdisciplinary（跨学科的）problems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity（肥胖）,palmoil（棕榈油）insupplychains,plasticpollution—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.EmployersliketheMetPolice,Innocent,andVirginwillprovideprojectideasandofferfive-weekworkexperienceforstudents.

TheideaissimilartoaUSliberalartsdegree（ararityintheUK）butalsomoreexplicitly（显然地）focusedon“interdisciplinarity,”ordrawingonmultiple（复杂的）subjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistics—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselyalignwithwhatanAI-infused,automatedworlddemands:

collaborationbetweenpeopleandmachines,criticalthinking,speakingandwritingskills,anddatamanagement,tonamejustafewthings.

align[əˈlaɪn]:

v.使结盟；

使成一行；

匹配

Studentswilltackleproblemsthroughvariousdisciplines（学科知识）:

knifecrime,forexample,byunderstandingculturalandsocioeconomicfactorsindifferentneighborhoods,datascience,statistics,publiclyavailabledata,aneconomicsorpsychologylens（角度）.

IntheUK,studentsapplythroughacentralclearinghouse,andexamresultsareparamount.AtLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyandallwillbeinvitedtoa“selectionday”whichwillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatLIScanunderstandastudent’sbackground,motivations,andpassions.Interviewswillbeconductedbyapaneltominimizebias.Conditionalofferswillbegrantedbasedonpersonalbackground,circumstances（情况）and,also,grades.

Passage2

近视的人，老了以后视力会变好吗？

中国日报双语新闻微信2019-12-2909:

00

Theansweris:

itdepends.

答案是：

不一定。

Babiesareactuallyfarsighted（远视的）,andastheygrowoldertheireyesgrowtoountiltheyreachapointof"

perfect"

eyesight,calledemmetropia（屈光正常）.

Itisn'

tentirelyworkedoutwhatcuestheeyethatitistimetostopgrowing,butweknowthatinmanykidstheeyecontinuestogrowpastemmetropiaandtheybecomenearsighted.

Basically,whentheeyegrowstoolongthelightinsidetheeyecomestoafocusinfrontoftheretinaratherthanattheretina,causingblurryvision,sowemustwearglassestochangetheopticsandfocusthelightontotheretina（视网膜）again.

Whenweage,wesufferadifferentprocess.Ourtissuesbecomestifferandthelensdoesn'

tadjustaseasilysowestarttolosenearvisionaswell.

Manyolderfolksmustwearbifocalswhichhavetwodifferentlenses-onetocorrectfortheproblemswithnearvisionandonetocorrectforproblemswithfarvision.

MorethanhalftheyoungchildrenandteenagersinChinaarenearsighted,accordingtoasurveybytopgovernmentagencies,whichcalledforintensified（使增强）effortstopreventandcontrolthecondition.

Thesurvey,whichwasconductedlastyear,foundthateightof10seniormiddleschoolstudentswerenearsighted,comparedwith71.6percentinjuniormiddleschool,36percentinprimaryschooland14percentof6-year-oldsinkindergarten.Overall,53.6percentwerenearsighted.

Theprevalenceofahighdegreeofmyopiaalsobecamealarmingasthepercentageofseniorstudentsinhighschool,whowearglassesstrongerthansixdiopters,hasmountedto21.9percent.

Upto80percentofthecountry’syoungadultssufferfromnearsightedness,accordingtoareportinthemedicaljournalLancet.Incontrast,theoverallrateofmyopiaintheUKisabout20-30percent.

IfyouwalkthestreetsofChinatoday,you'

llquicklynoticethatmostyoungpeoplewearglasses.InShanghai,forinstance,86percentofhighschoolstudentssufferfrommyopia,ornearsightedness,accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.

ThegrowingprevalenceofmyopiaisnotonlyaChineseproblem,butitisanespeciallyEastAsianone.AccordingtoastudypublishedinTheLancetmedicaljournalin2012,byIanMorgan,oftheAustralianNationalUniversity,SouthKorealeadsthepack,with96percentofyoungadults（belowtheage20）havingmyopia;

andtherateforSeoulisevenhigher.InSingapore,thefigureis82percent.

SeveralfactorsareassociatedwiththehighrateofnearsightednessinChina'

schildrenandteenagers,includinglackofoutdoorphysicalactivity,lackofadequatesleepduetoheavyextracurricularworkandexcessiveuseofelectronicsproducts.

BiologistscomparedSingaporeanslivinginSingaporetothoselivinginAustralia.Theyfoundthat29percentoftheSingaporeanstudentshadmyopiacomparedwithjust3percentinSydney.Themaincorrelationwasonceagain,timespentoutside.

“ThebigdifferencewastheChinesechildreninAustraliawereoutdoorsalotmorethantheirmatchedpeersinSingapore,”saysIanMorgan,aretiredbiologistatAustralianNationalUniversity,whocoauthoredthe2008study.“Thiswastheonlythingthatfitwiththehugedifferenceinprevalence.”

最后来回顾一下与视力相关的单词吧！

近视可以叫nearsightedness,也可以叫shortsightedness,医学上叫做myopia.

同理，远视就是farsightedness，或者longsightedness,前一个偏美式，后一个则偏英式，学术上的远视叫做hyperopia.

Notes

myopia/maɪˈoʊpiə/n.近视

hyperopia/haɪpəˈoʊpiə/n.远视

bifocals/baɪˈfoʊklz/n.双光眼镜（上半片为看远，下半片为看近）

retina/ˈretɪnə/n.视网膜

lens/lenz/n.（眼球的）晶状体

prevalence/ˈprevələns/n.流行；

盛行

understatement/ˈʌndəsteɪtmənt/n.保守说法；

低调说法；

轻描淡写

Questions

Translatetheunderlinedsentence.

1..Thecurriculum（课程）isbuiltaroundinterdisciplinary（跨学科的）problems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity（肥胖）,palmoil（棕榈油）insupplychains,plasticpollution—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.

2.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselyalignwithwhatanAI-infused,automatedworlddemands:

Answerkey:

1.以解决现实世界的问题为目标，围绕持刀犯罪、儿童肥胖、棕榈油供应链、塑料污染等跨学科问题以及定量和定性研究技能来设置课程。

2.创办者希望，学生们发展的技能——人和机器的协作、批判性的思考、说话和写作技能、数据管理等等——将能和一个充斥着人工智能的自动化世界的需求接轨。