高考英语模拟试题辽宁卷Word格式.docx

高考英语模拟试题辽宁卷Word格式.docx

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第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Oneafternoonlastweek,Isawthreetearfulchildrenfrommyson'

sschoolbeingcomfortedbyteachers.Thatmorning,my11yearoldhadstomachpains,retching（干呕）intoabowl.Talkingtoothermotherslater,Iheardaboutotherchildrenwithstomachacheordifficultysleepingthenightbefore.

Whatcausedsomuchpain?

Sportsday.Sportsdaymightbenecessaryatahighlycompetitiveindependentschool,butnotatavillageprimaryschool.Forthechildrenwhocanflylikethewind,sportsdaycausesnoproblem.Forthosewhoareoverweightorjustnotgoodatsport,itisanightmare（噩梦）.Evenforthosewhoenjoyrunningbutfallhalfwaydownthetrackinfrontoftheentireschoolandtheirparents，itcanproveadisaster.

Whydoweputourchildrenthroughthisannualsuffering?

Somemaysaycompetitionischaracterbuilding；

orit'

stakingpart,notwinning,that'

simportant；

orthatitisatraditionofschoollife.Ijustfeltgreatpityforthosechildrenintearsorinpain.

Teamgamesattheendofsportsdayproducedsomecloseraces,wildenthusiasm,lotsofshouting—andwerefuntowatch.Moreimportantly,thechildrenwhowerenotsofastorquickatpassingtheballwerehiddenalittlefromeveryone'

seyes.Someofthemalsohadthethrillofbeingonthewinningside.

Iwishthatsportsdaycouldbeabandonedandreplacedwithsomeotherlesscompetitiveevent.Perhapsanafternoonofteamgames,withafewracesforthosewhowantthem,wouldbelessstressfulforthechildrenandalotmorefuntowatch.

21．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'

ssonfromParagraph1?

A．Hetalkedwithsomemothers.B．Hecomfortedhisclassmates.

C．Hehaddifficultyinsleeping.D．Hesufferedfromstomachache.

22．Sportsdayisstillanannualeventinthisschoolprobablybecause__________.

A．thisisanindependentschoolB．itisatraditionoftheschool

C．ithelpschildrenloseweightD．childrenenjoywatchingsports

23．Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutteamgames?

A．Theyshouldincludemorestressfulraces.

B．Theyareacceptabletodifferentchildren.

C．Theyshouldbeabandonedatprimaryschools.

D．Theyarelessfunforthosewholoverunning.

24．Whatistheauthor'

sattitudetowardssportsday?

A．Critical.B．Neutral.

C．Positive.D．Ambiguous.

B

MOOCs,shortfor“massiveopenonlinecourses，”markanimportant,possiblyrevolutionary,developmentineducation.Thesecoursesareonline,freeofcharge,andopentoanyoneintheworldwhohasalaptopandanInternetconnection.Moreover,theyaremainlyofferedbygreatuniversitieslikeStanford,Berkeley,HarvardandColumbia.

Thecoursesarearrangedaccordingtohowdifficulttheyare,enablingstudentstoprogressfrombeginnerstotheadvanced.Thecoursescovernotonlyabroadrangeofsciencesubjectssuchasmathandcomputerscience,butalsocoursesinsocialsciencesandhumanities.ThoughMOOCsarenotofferedforcreditanddegree,manystudentsenroll（加入）inthecoursesforrealskillsorknowledgewhichtheycanputtosomepracticaluse.

Theformat（形式）seemsbetterthanthetraditionalschoolclass.Theaveragequalityofthelecturersismuchhigher.Besides,studentscanlearnbackandforward—thatis,theycangoattheirownlearningspeed,whichtheycan'

tdoinalivelecture.And,moreimportantly,theydon'

thavetotravelanywheretoattendanonlinelecture.Thereisaproblemofaskingquestionsofthelecturerinaclassoftenthousandstudents,butsomeMOOCshavesolveditbyallowingstudentstopostquestionsonlineforavote,andonlythemostpopularquestionsareputtothelecturer.

Inaknowledgeage,lifelonglearningisnotconfinedtoatraditionalclassroom.StudentstakingMOOCSareusuallyveryclever,haveworkexperience,andinmanycases,havealreadydevelopedasetofpracticalskills.Moreover,theyalsoofferuniqueinternationalperspectives（远景）thatwouldbetheenvyofanyschoolclassroom.

25．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutMOOCs?

A．Theword“MOOCs”isshortfor“massiveopenonlinecampuses”．

B．AnyonewhohasacomputerandanInternetconnectioncantakeMOOCs.

C．MOOCsareusuallyofferedbyfirstclassuniversitiesintheworld.

D．MOOCsmaybeabreakthroughinthedevelopmentofeducation.

26．MOOCsseemtohaveanadvantageovertraditionalschoolclassesinthat________.

A．thereisaproblemofaskingquestionsintraditionalclasses

B．studentsenrollinginMOOCscangetcreditanddegreeeasily

C．studentscanlearnattheirownstudypace

D．studentscantraveltomanyplaceswhentakingMOOCs

27．Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“confined”means________.

A．extendedB．developed

C．limitedD．advanced

C

Passengerpigeons（旅鸽）onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks（群）solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.

Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles（about515kilometers）longwasseennearCincinnati.

Sadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasaneverlastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.

Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury，thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans'

needforwood,whichscattered（驱散）theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.

In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.

28.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons________.

A.werethebiggestbirdintheworld

B.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica

C.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment

D.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS

29.Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons'

________.

A.escapeB.ruin

C.liberationD.evolution

30.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?

A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.

C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.

31.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?

A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.

C.Itwasunfair.D.Itwasstrict.

D

Whendifferentspeciesofbirdsflock（聚集）together,theirflightformationsaredeterminedbysocialdynamicsbothbetweenandwithinspecies.

NewresearchfromtheUniversitiesofCambridgeandExeterrevealsforthefirsttimethat,contrarytocurrentmodelsusedtoexplainthemovementofflocks,thedifferencesbetweenbirdspeciesandsocialrelationshipsbetweenindividualsplayacriticalroleindeterminingthedynamicsofmixedspeciesflocks.

Theunified（群集）behaviourofbirdflockshaspuzzledscientistsforhundredsofyears.Onenaturalistfromtheturnofthecenturyevensuggestedtelepathy（心灵感应）maybeinvolved.Therehavesincebeenmorelogicalexplanations,includingmathematicalmodelsthatshowthatrepeatedinteractionsamongindividualsfollowingsimplerulescangeneratecoordinated（协同的）groupmovements.However,thesemodelsusuallyrelyontheassumptionthatindividualswithingroupsareidenticalandinteractindependently,whichmaynotreflectreality.

JolleJolles,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofCambridge'

sDepartmentofZoologyandauthorofthepaper,said：

“Spectacularcollectivebehaviourcanbefoundinalargerangeofanimalspecies,andwenowknowthatoftenthesecomplexcoordinatedgroupmovementsmaybetheresultofindividualsfollowingsimplerules.However,rarelyaretheindividualcharacteristicsandsocialrelationshipswithinthemtakenintoaccount.Ourresearchhighlightsthatthesestrikingdisplaysofgroupbehaviouraremuchmorecomplex.”

Byanalysinghighresolutionphotographsofmixedflocksofrooksandjackdaws（bothfromthecorvidfamily）,theresearchersfoundthatratherthanindividualsinteractinginaconsistentfashionthroughouttheflock,interactionsdependedonsocialdynamicsbetweenthedifferentspeciesaswellasrelationshipswithinaspecies.

Theresearchersdiscoveredthatbirdsprefertoflyclosetomembersoftheirownspecies,andthatthelargerandmoredominantrookstaketheleadbyflyingnearthefrontofflocks.Additionally,thelifelong,monogamous（一妻一夫制的）pairbondsthatarecharacteristicofbothspeciesseemtobereflectedinflight,asbirdsoftenflyparticularlyclosetoasingle,samespeciespartner.

DrAlexThornton,principalinvestigatoroftheCambridgeJackdawProject,nowattheUniversityofExeterandauthorofthepaper,said“Together,ourfindingsdemonstratethattounderstandthestructur