职称英语理工类B真题及答案Word格式.docx

职称英语理工类B真题及答案Word格式.docx

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　　AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool

　　4.Mostpeoplefindrejectionhardtoaccept.

　　A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal

　　5.She'

sextremelycompetentandindustrious.

　　A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent

　　6.Thedoctorsdidnotrevealthetruthtohim.

　　A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish

　　7.Hetriedtoassemblehisthoughts.

　　A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare

　　8.Thelawcarriesapenaltyofuptothreeyearsinprison.

　　A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation

　　9.Prisonerswerekeptinthemostappallingconditions.

　　A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious

　　10.Theseproductsareinferiortothosewebroughtlastyear.

　　A.poorerthanB.narrowerthanC.largerthanD.richerthan

　　11.Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhasdeterioratedrapidly.

　　A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed

　　12.Therewasasimultaneoustrialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.

　　A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic

　　13.They'

repetitioningforbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictransport.

　　A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking

　　14.Hesaidsomeharshwordsabouthisbrother.

　　A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear

　　15.Wewereattractedbythelureofquickmoney.

　　A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp

　　第二部分：

阅读判断

　　ADHDLinkedtoAirPollutants

　　Childrenhaveanincreasedofattentionproblems,seenasearlyasgradeschool.Iftheirnosesinhaled（吸入）acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That'

sthefindingofanewstudy.Releasedwhenthingsaren'

tburnedcompletely,thispollutionisknownaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,orPAHs.ThebiggestsourcesofthesePAHs：

theburningoffossilfuels,woodandtrash.

　　FredericaPereraworksatColumbiaUniversity'

sMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthisNewYorkCity.Sheresearcheshowexposuretothingsintheenvironmentaffectschildren'

shealthinanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpollutionof233nonsmokingpregnantwomeninNewYorkCity.Becauseburningtobaccocanspew（排放）PAHsintotheairandlungs,Perera'

steamfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe（探查）othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat'

swouldhavebeenhardforanindividualtoavoid.

　　Theteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregnancy.ThereasonAnyPAHsinawoman'

sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowage9.Theyaskedeachchild'

smotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained（长期的）mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.Thescientistsalsoaskedifthekidshadtroublefollowinginstructionsormadefrequent,carelessmistakes.AllofthesecanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneinU.S.childrenhasADHD.

　　Amongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionexposure,Pereraandherteamsuspect.SomeofthesewomenhadlowlevelsofPAHsintheirblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournalPLOSONE.

　　16.PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　17.ThemainpurposeoftheresearchwastofindouthowexposuretoPAHsplayedaroleinharmingthesubjects'

physicalhealth.

　　18.NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheeffectofsmokingonPAHswasunclear.

　　19.Thebloodofeachwomanwastestedonceamonthduringpregnancy.

　　20KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.

　　21.ThewomenwithhighlevelsofPAHsintheirbloodweremorelikelytohavekidswithADHD.

　　22.TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobethebiggestsourcesofPAHsforthesubjectsintheresearch.

　　第3部分：

概况大意与完成句子

　　FirstImage-recognitionssoftware

　　1）DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.

　　2）Thenewsystem,whichwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm（运算法则）forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientenoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel（像素）datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned（收集）fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions（图片说明）,makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.

　　3）“Overthelast30years,”saysAssociateProfessorKorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,”thewebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadatastet,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesofvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist（主旨）ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,surprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengine,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch.”

　　4）Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic（语义的）informationfrompixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationgisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries（查询）onadatabaseof50millionWedpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthtthisproduceda30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.

　　23.Paragraph1_____

　　24.Paragraph2_____

　　25.Paragraph3_____

　　26Paragraph4_____

　　A.Popularityofthenewsystem

　　B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery

　　C.Functionofthenewsystem

　　D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated

　　E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines

　　F.Improvementindocumentretrieval

　　27.Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby_____.

　　28.Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin_____.

　　29.Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore_____.

　　30.Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe_____.

　　A.informationinimages

　　B.currentpopularsearchengines

　　C.usingphotos

　　D.machinevisionsystems

　　E.documentsearch

　　F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage

　　第四部分：

阅读理解

　　第一篇　WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?

　　Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'

reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?

Doesitincreasebloodpressure?

Doesithelpyouconcentrate?

However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways,too.

　　Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（树冠）oftallerindigenous（土生土长的）trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen’tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioncomeincreasedprofits.

　　Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

　　Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

　　Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"

shadegrown"

and"

birdfriendly."

Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe'

repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit'