何兆熊大学英语综合教程2unit4答案Word文档下载推荐.docx
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III.Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Thecountryistryingtomovefromacentrallyplannedeconomy(economic)toonebasicallygearedtotheneedsofthemarket.
2.Therearenogoodroadsinthearea,somostoftheranchesareonlyaccessible(access)byjeeporotheroff-roadvehicles.
3.Thetwoapproachesaresofundamentally(fundamental)differentthatitissurprisingthattheyhavebothbeensuccessful.
4.Theyspentmuchtimecomfortingthehomesick(homesickness)childrenatthebeginningofthesummercamp.
5.Wearelookingforanexperiencedjournalisttojointhenewsteams.Thesalaryisnegotiable(negotiate).
6.Theamountofanyoftheseingredientscanbeadjusted(adjustment)accordingtoyourtaste.
7.Theremoteness(remote)ofthehousewastheonlythingthatmadethemhesitateaboutbuyingit.
8.Heparkedthecarandsmiledather,complacently(complacent)assuminghehadpassedthetest.
1.economica.
经济学的;
经济的;
有利可图的
economicala.
节俭的;
经济的,合算的
economicsn.
经济学
economistn.
经济学家
economyn.
节约;
经济
2.accessn.
通道,入口
accessiblea.
可得到的;
易接近的,可进入的
accessibilityn.
可以得到;
易接近
3.fundamentala.
基本的,根本的;
重要的
fundamentalismn.
原教旨主义
fundamentalistn.
信奉正统派基督教的人
fundamentallyad.
从根本上;
基本地
4.homesicka.
想家的
homesicknessn.
乡愁,思乡病
5.negotiatev.
谈判,协商,交涉
negotiablea.
可磋商的,可协商的
negotiationn.
谈判,协商
negotiatorn.
磋商者,交涉者
6.adjustv.
调整,调节;
使适应
adjustablea.
可调整的
adjustmentn.
调整
7.remotea.
偏僻的,遥远的,远程的
remotenessn.
远离,远隔,偏僻
8.complacenta.
满足的,自满的,得意的
complacentlyad.
满足地,自满地,沾沾自喜地
complacencyn.
自满,沾沾自喜
IV.
1.D;
2.C;
3.A;
4.D;
5.B;
6.A;
7.B;
8.C.
V.
Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld.
Synonym:
time,era,epoch
2.ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish,regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker.
meetings
3.Englishhassimplybecomethelanguagethatfacilitatescommunication,andformanypeoplelearningEnglishisanessentialsteppingstoneontheroadtosuccess.
basic,fundamental
4.Differentculturesarenotsimplygroupsofpeoplewholabeltheworlddifferently;
languagesgiveusthemeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworldandlanguagesaredifferentfromoneanother.
Antonym:
misshape
5.Inevitably,thespreadofEnglishmeansthatmillionsofpeopleareaddinganotherlanguagetotheirownandarelearninghowtonegotiateculturalandlinguisticdifferences.
unavoidably
6.WhydoestheriseofEnglishasagloballanguagecausefeelingsofuneasinessforsomeofus?
worry,concern,anxiety
7.Butevenasmorepeoplebecomemultilingual,sonativeEnglishspeakersarelosingout,fortheyarebecomingevermoremonolingual,andhenceincreasinglyunawareofthedifferencesbetweenculturesthatlanguagesreveal.
hide,conceal
4
Prefix
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedinthegivenword.
1.unreliable
unbelievable
2.impatient
imperfect
3.disapproval
disagreement
4.mistake
misplace
5.maltreat
malfunction
6.enrich
enable
7.surmount
surpass
8.subordinate
submarine
1.Explanation:
un-:
notortheoppositeof
e.g.unable,unhappy,unknown
2.Explanation:
in-/il-/im-/ir-:
e.g.impolite,infinite,illogical,irrelevance
3.Explanation:
dis-:
e.g.dishonest,disadvantage,disappear
4.Explanation:
mis-:
badorwrong
e.g.misinterpret,misbehavior,mischance,misconceive
5.Explanation:
mal-:
badornotcorrect
e.g.malpractice,malodorous,malformation
6.Explanation:
en-/em-:
tocausetobe;
toputintothethingorconditionmentioned
e.g.encase,empower,enlarge,embolden,enchant
7.Explanation:
sur-:
beyond
e.g.surcharge,surplus,surprise,surmise
8.Explanation:
sub-:
lessthan;
underorbelow
e.g.subdivision,subconscious,subcontinent,subculture
PartTwo.
GrammarExercises
1.thesimplepresentandthepresentprogressive
Simplepresentisusedforactivitiesthatarelong-lastinghabits.
Presentprogressiveisusedforactivitiesthatoccuratthemomentofspeakingactivities.
Thepresentcontinuouswithwordssuchas“always”or“constantly”expressestheideathatsomethingirritatingorshockingoftenhappens.
e.g.Sheisalwayscomingtoclasslate.
Heisconstantlytalking.Iwishhewouldshutup.
Speakersusethepresentcontinuoustoindicatethatsomethingwillorwillnothappeninthenearfuture.
e.g.Iamnotgoingtothepartytonight.
Ishevisitinghisparentsnextweekend?
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectverbforms.
1.She’sadietician—she__helps__(help)peopletochoosetherightfood.
2.hope;
areenjoying;
sunbathe;
go;
aregoing.
3.isbeing.
4.Theprofessor____istyping____(type)hisownletterswhilehissecretaryisill.
5.amnoteating.
6.I__amreading___(read)aninterestingbookatthemoment.I’lllendittoyouwhenI’vefinishedit.
7.arealwaysleaving.
8.go;
belongs;
wants;
isusing.
9.isboiling.
10.isputting;
isrewiring;
isbuilding.
1.ispassing=passes;
isshooting=shoots.
2.OK.
3.arecrying.
4.OK.
5.amknowing=know.
6.amgathering=gather.
7.work=amworking.
8.do=are;
sneeze=sneezing.
III.
thank;
aredispatching;
regret;
have;
arecontacting;
hear;
enclose/areenclosing;
decide;
arelisted;
hope;
enclose/areenclosing.
1.a.Thespeakeriscomplaining;
b.Thespeakergivesafact.
2.a.amconsidering;
b.havetheopinion.
3.a.Itsuggestsapermanentnature;
b.Itsuggestsatemporarybehaviour.
4.a.istakingcareof;
b.havenoobjectionto.
5.a.amwaitingfor;
b.believe.
6.a.amwaitingfor;
2.Positionofadjectives
Unlike
adverbs,whichoftenseemcapableofpoppingupalmostanywhereinasentence,adjectivesnearlyalwaysappearimmediatelybeforethenounornounphrasethattheymodify.Sometimestheyappearinastringofadjectives,andwhentheydo,theyappearinasetorderaccordingtocategory.
Thecategoriesinthefollowingtablecanbedescribedasfollows:
A.Determiners—articlesandotherlimiters.
B.Observation—postdeterminersandlimiteradjectives(e.g.arealhero,aperfectidiot)andadjectivessubjecttosubjectivemeasure(e.g.beautiful,interesting)
C.SizeandShape—adjectivessubjecttoobjectivemeasure(e.g.wealthy,large,round)
D.Age—adjectivesdenotingage(e.g.young,old,new,ancient)
E.Color—adjectivesdenotingcolor(e.g.red,black,pale)
F.Origin—denominaladjectivesdenotingsourceofnoun(e.g.French,American,Canadian)
G.Material—denominaladjectivesdenotingwhatsomethingismadeof(e.g.woolen,metallic,wooden)
F.Qualifier—finallimiter,oftenregardedaspartofthenoun(e.g.rockingchair,huntingcabin,passengercar,bookcover)
Rewritethefollowingdescriptionsputtingtheadjectivesinthecorrectorder.
1.alargepairofredwoolensocks
2.awhitecarGermannewpowerful
apowerfulnewwhiteGermancar
3.asmallgreyrectangularJapaneseradio
4.aconcretemodernofficebuildingbig
abigmodernconcreteofficebuilding
5.amediumsizeFrenchstainlesssteelsaucepan
6.asuperbmedievalrose-shapedstained-glasswindow
7.aprominentredtriangularroadsign
8.adogblackandtinyChinesewhite
atinyblackandwhiteChinesedog
VI.giventhat…
PartThreeTranslationexercises
I.
1.
因此,你也许会问,为什么还有人会对这些绝妙的发展顾虑重重?
为什么英语成为世界语言会让一部分人惴惴不安?
2.不同的文化并不仅仅是给世界贴上不同标签的人群;
语言给了我们塑造世界观的工具,而语言又是不一样的。
3.当千百万人在学习文化沟通的时候,英语国家却越来越沾沾自喜,以为懂得英语就足够了,因而削减了外语课程。
4.最能推动这一进程的不一定是那些掌握了最新技术、拥有最先进手机的人,而是那些能够理解众多不同语言的言内之意、言下之意以及言外之意的人。
II.
1.Childrenmayswimhereprovidedthattheyareaccompaniedbyadults.
2.ThisAmericanjournalistmadeafoolofhimselfoverhisremarksaboutChina,becausehe’sbeenoutoftouchwithwhat’sbeenhappeninginthecountryinthepastthreedecades.
3.Everypersonhastherighttoeducation,regardlessofhisorherfamilybackground,sexandage.
4.因特网的发明尽管造成了一些问题,但是却极大地方便了我们生活中几乎所有方面,包括教育、医疗和贸易等。
(facilitate)
TheinventionoftheInternet,despitethefactthatithasgivenrisetosomeproblems,hasgreatlyfacilitatedalmosteveryaspectofourlife,includingeducation,medicine,andbusiness.
5.您计划出国度假的时候,千万不要忽略购买旅行保险;
否则万一发生什么意外,您也许会有很大的麻烦。
(overlook)
Neveroverlookyourtravelinsurancewhenyouareplanningtospendyourholiday