专题07 阅读理解判断推理题周练解析版.docx
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专题07阅读理解判断推理题周练解析版
判断推理专项训练
07
1.阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
In2004,whenmydaughterBeckywasten,sheandmyhusband,Joe,wereunitedintheirdesireforadog.Asforme,Isharednoneoftheircaninelust.
Butwhy,theypleaded.“BecauseIdon’thavetimetotakecareofadog.”Butwe’lldoit.”Really?
You’regoingtowalkthedog?
Feedthedog?
Bathethedog?
”Yes,yes,andyes.”Idon’tbelieveyou.”Wewill.Wepromise.
Theydidn’t.Fromdaytwo(everyonewantedtowalkthecutepuppythatfirstday),neitherthoughttowalkthedog.WhileIwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrackofhershots,toschedulehervetappointments,tofeedandcleanher,Mistyknewthisondayone.Asshelookedupatthethreenewhumansinherlife(small,medium,andlarge),shecalculated,”Themediumoneisthesuckerinthepack.”
Quickly,sheandIdevelopedsomethingverysimilartoaVulcanmindmeld(心灵融合).She’dlookatmewiththosesadbrowneyesofhers,beamherneed,andthenwait,trustingIwouldunderstand—which,strangely,Ialmostalwaysdid.Innotime,shebecamemyfeetasIread,andsplayingacrossmystomachasIwatchedtelevision.
Evenso,partofmecontinuedtoresentwalkingduty.JoeandBeckyhadpromised.Notfair,I’dbalk(不心甘情愿地做)silentlyassheandIwalked.“Notfair,”I’dloudlyremindanyonewithinearshotuponourreturnhome.
Thenoneday—January1,2007,tobeexact—myhusband‘sdoctorutteredanunthinkableword:
leukemia(白血病).Withthat,IspenteighttotenhoursadaywithJoeinthehospital,doinganythingandeverythingIcouldtoeasehisdiscomfort.Duringthosesixmonthsofhospitalizations,Becky,12atthetime,adjustedtootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.Myworkcolleaguesadjustedtomytakingoffatamoment'snoticeformedicalemergencies.Everypartofmylifechanged;nopartofmyoldroutineremained.
Saveone:
Mistystillneededwalking.Atthebeginning,whenfriendsofferedtotakeher
throughherpaces,IdeclinedbecauseIknewtheyhadtheirownhouseholdstodealwith.
Asthemonthswentby,IbegantorealizethatIactuallywantedtowalkMisty.ThewalkinthemorningbeforeIheadedtothehospitalwasaquiet,peacefultimetogathermythoughtsortojustbebeforetheday'smedicaldramaunfolded.Theeveningwalkwasatimetoshakeofftheday'supsetsandlettheworrytracksinmyheadgotowhitenoise.
Whenseriousillnessvisitsyourhousehold,it's,notjustyourdailyroutineandyourassumptionsaboutthefuturethatarenolongerfamiliar.Prettymucheveryoneyouactsdifferently.
NotMisty.Takeherforawalk,andshehadnointerestinJoe'sbloodcountsor’onemarrowtestresults.Onthestreetorinthepark,shehadonlyonethingonhermind:
squirrels!
SheWassojoyousthatevenontheworstdays,shecouldmakemesmile.Onadailybasissheremindedmethatlifegoeson.
AfterJoediedin2009,Mistysleptonhispillow.
I'mgrateful一toapoint.Thetruthis,afteryearsofbalking,I'vecometoenjoym’walkswithMisty.AsIwatchherchaseafterasquirrel,throwingherwholebeingintothehere-and-nowofanexercisethathasneveronceendedinvictory,sheremindsme,too,thatnomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuture,there'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromthemoment.
(3)ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that_______.
A.Mistywasquiteclever
B.Mistycouldsolvemathproblems
C.thewriterwasaslowlearner
D.noonewalkedMistythefirstday
D.thedogtiredtopleasethewriter
(6)Whatisthemessagethewriterwantstoconveyinthepassage?
A.Oneshouldlearntoenjoyhardtimes.
B.Adisastercanchangeeverythinginlife.
C.Momentsofjoysuggestthatthereisstillhopeahead.
D. Peoplewillchangetheirattitudetowardyouwhenyouareindifficulty.
【答案】(3)A(6)C
【解析】:
这是一篇记叙文,讲述作者从遛狗的体验中悟出生活的哲理—尽管有时生活艰难、前途难测,但人生总有希望和快乐,
3.A 推理题 根据第三段"Mistyknewthisondayone它在第一天就知道和”shecalculated它在计算“可以得出答案这只狗是非常聪明的.另外也可以根据意思排除选项BCD.B.Mistycouldsolvemathproblems就算文章中出见了一个计算的词语,但也不能够得出能够解答数学题的结论,而且根据常识也可以把它排除。
C.thewriterwasaslowlearner这个内容没有提及,D.noonewalkedMistythefirstday这个选项的答案,也原文“它在第一天就知道了”是不一致的.
6.C 推理题 根据文章最后一句话nomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuture,there'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromthemoment.不管现在是多么困难或者将来是多么的难以预计,总是有一些提取快乐的方法.此题易错选A虽然这句话是正确的,但是这篇文章并不是在说在困难时期享受快乐。
【总结】这种记叙文,一定要理清作者的思路。
往往作者经历的事情是一波几折的,最初的想法和最后的想法是不一样的。
比如说最初她不想养这只宠物狗,但是最后就是这一只狗陪伴了她,让她得到了一些体会。
2.阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal(夜间活动的)speciesonthisplanet.Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun'slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact,eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe'vedonetothenight:
We'veengineereditto receiveusbyfillingitwithlight.
Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences一calledlightpollution一whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbad lightingdesign,whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.III-designedlightingwashesoutthedarknessofnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels一andlight rhythms—towhichmanyformsoflife,including,ourselves,haveadapted.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturalworld,someaspectorlifeisaffected.
Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars,leavingbehindavacanthaze(霾)thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We'vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloryofanunlitnigh,-darkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowonEarth,iswhollybeyondourexperience,beyondmemoryalmost.
We'velitupthenightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry,whennothingcouldbefurtherformthetruth.Amongmammalsalone,thenumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing,Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet(磁铁).Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing“captured”bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms.Migratingatnight,birdstendtocollidewithbrightlylittallbuildings.
Frogslivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmuchasamilliontimesrighterthannormal,throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjointincludingmostothercreatures,wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare,toourinternalclockwork,aslightitself.
Livinginaglareofourmaking,wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheritage—thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsenselightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxyarchingoverhead.
(4)Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat .
A.lightpollutiondoseharmtotheeyesightofanimals
B.lightpollutionhasdestroyedsomeoftheworldheritages
C. humanbeingscannotgototheouterspace
D. humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse
【答案】(4)D
【解析】:
文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的景响,呼吁我们反思我们的行为.,
4.D 推理题 最后一段的意思是"Livinginaglareofourmaking,wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheritage—thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsenselightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxyarchingoverhead.生活在一个刺眼世界,我们已经远离了进化和文化遗产:
星星和昼夜节律的光,在一个非常真实的意义上,光污染使我们在宇宙中丢失真我,而这些失去的正好就是最好的测量银河系银河深夜的工具。
“根据语意,不难得出答案是D. humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse人类应该反思自己的行为.但此题易错选B,之所以不选B是因为someof的表达是扩大了说法,以偏概全。
【总结】对于这种文章,一定要读懂作者的观点是什么?
留意作者看法的用词,即是文章所使用的形容词是支持还是反对。
尤其要读懂第一段的内容,因为往往开头是陈述作者观点的地方。
如第一段“Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal(夜间活动的)speciesonthisplanet.Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun’slight.如果人类真的在家里的月亮和星星的光下,我们会在黑暗中快乐,午夜的世界,我们可见的是夜间的大量在这个星球上的物种。
相反,我们是日行动物,眼睛适应了太阳的光线。
3.阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Graphcanbeaveryusefultoolforconveyinginformationespeciallynumbers,percentages,andotherdata.Agraphgivesthereaderapicturetointerpret.Thatcanbealotmorepagesandpagesandpagesexplainingthedata.
Graphscanseemfrightening,butreadingagraphisalotlikereadingastory.Thegraphhasatitle,amainidea,andsupportingdetails.Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoanalyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext.
Mostgraphshaveafewbasicparts:
acaptionorintroductionparagraph,atitle,alegendorkey,andlabeledaxes.Anactivereaderlooksateachpartofthegraphbeforetryingtointerpretthedata.Captionswillusuallytellyouwherethedatacamefrom(forexample,ascientificstudyof400Africanelephantsfrom1980to2005).Captionsusuallysummarizetheauthor'smainpointaswell.Thetitleisveryimportant.Ittellsyouthemainideaofthe