江苏省宜兴市普通高中学年高一下学期期中调研测试英语试题.docx
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江苏省宜兴市普通高中学年高一下学期期中调研测试英语试题
江苏省宜兴市普通高中2020-2021学年高一下学期期中调研测试英语试题
学校:
___________姓名:
___________班级:
___________考号:
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一、阅读选择
LetterstotheEditor
Nurses’strike
Sir,Ihaveworkedinthepublicsectorformorethan30yearsandknowthattheideathatnurseswillbe“drivenout”ofthehealthservicebythe1percentpayofferispoppycock(胡说)(news,Mar8).Whatattractsandkeepspeopleworkingintheseareasispublicserviceand,astheQueensaidinhermessage,a“selflessdevotiontoduty”.
TimKerin
LondonE7
Doorstepheroes
Sir,Icanunderstandwhysomanypeoplenowliketohavetheirmilkdelivered(“Pint-sizedheroesarebackondoorstep”,Mar8)butdon’tknowwhyithastobeatsuchantisocialhours.IhaveoftenbeenwokenupbytheloudnoiseofMilk&Moredeliveringtooneofmyneighboursintheearlyhours,andonedaylastweekitwasevenat1:
50a.m.,whichmademesleeplessthefollowinghours.
HelenHinde
Ruislip,Middx
Wineoftheweak
Sir,JaneMacQuittyexcelled(突出)herselfinherwinecolumnthisweek(“Redwineforlightweights:
thebest12%andunderbottles”,Weekend,Mar6).Theeightbottlesonofferwereflavouredasfollows:
forest-fruited,meaty,mocha,beetrooty,tobaccoleaf,lemonyandsamphire.Thestarflavours(调味)inaReislingfromChilewerefatandlimepickle(酸菜味).Oftheeightbottlesofwineonlyonewasdescribedas“grapey”.
TonyStafford
Harston,Cambs
Note:
LetterstotheEditorshouldbesenttoletters@thetimes.co.ukorbypost1LondonBridgeStreet,LondonSE19GF.
1.Whydidthethreepeoplewritetheseletters?
A.Tomakethemselvesfamous.B.Tomakesomecomplaints.
C.TopromoteTheTimes.D.Toimprovetheirwritingskills.
2.TheQueenheldapositiveattitudetoward________.
A.thehealthserviceB.thenurses’devotiontotheirwork
C.thepracticalideaD.themedicalworkers’strike
3.WhatdoesHelenHindethinkofthetimeofmilkdelivery?
A.Shocking.B.Pleasant.C.Unbearable.D.Popular.
4.Whichofthefollowingaboutwineistrue?
A.Nineflavoursofwinewereoffered.
B.AwinefromChilehadapleasanttaste.
C.JaneMacQuittywonfamousforthetravellingcolumn.
D.Morespeciesofwineareexpectedtohaveflavoursofwine.
5.HowshouldthelettersbesenttotheEditor?
A.TheycanbesentthroughtheInternet.
B.Theyshouldbesenttotheeditorsfacetoface.
C.TheycanbemailedtothefamousLondonBridge.
D.Theycanbemailedtotheaddressesofdifferenteditors.
Doyouknowwhat“zero”means?
Haveyoueverevenstoppedtothinkmuchaboutthisconcept(概念)?
It’saneasyonetotakeforgranted.Ofcourse,everyonecanunderstandtheconceptofnothing,orhavingnothing.
Butdidyouknowthatsomeanimalscanunderstandzeroaswell?
Experimentswithmonkeysandbirdshaveproventhattheycanmasterthisconcept.Butnow,theunderstandingofzerohasbeenfoundinamostunlikelycandidate(候选人):
bees.
AccordingtoarecentlypublishedstudyinthejournalScience,AustralianandFrenchresearchersworkedtogethertoconductexperimentstoprovethatbeesarethefirstinsectsto“understandthatzerobelongsatthelowerendofasequence(序列)ofnumbers”,accordingtoareportbyScienceDaily.
ScarlettHoward,aresearcheratRMITUniversityinMelbourne,trainedbeestochoosefromseveralcardswithdifferentnumbersofshapesprintedonthem.Correctlychoosingthecardwiththefewestshapesearnedthemarewardofsugarwater.Forexample,thebeeslearnedtochoosethreeelementswhenpresentedwiththreeVSfour;ortwoelementswhenpresentedwithtwoVSthree.Andthenthesebeeswerepresentedachallenge–acardthatwasentirelyblankandthattheyhadneverseenbefore.But64percentofthetime,theychosetoflytowardtheblankcardinsteadofthecardthathadshapesonit.Thissuggeststhattheinsectsunderstandthatzerostandsforsomethinglessthantwoorthree,accordingtoSciencemagazine.
AssociateProfessorAdrianDyer,alsofromRMITUniversity,saidthenumberzerowasthebasisofmodernmathematicalandtechnologicalprogress.
HetoldScienceDailythatthefindingshaveopenedadoortonewunderstandingsofhowdifferentbrainsunderstandzero.“Ifbeescanunderstandzerowithabrainoflessthanamillionneurons(神经元)[comparedwiththe86,000millionneuronsofahumanbrain],itsuggeststherearesimpleandefficient(有效的)waystoteachartificial(人工的)intelligencenewtricks.”
6.WhydidthewriterasktwoquestionsinPara.1?
A.Toexpectanexactanswer.B.Tointroducethetopic.
C.Toshowtheconceptof“zero”.D.Toinspirescientiststostudy.
7.WhatdidtheAustralianandFrenchresearchersrecentlyfind?
A.Mostinsectscanrecognizedifferentshapes.
B.Beescanunderstandthemeaningofzero.
C.Beesarebetteratnumbersthanmonkeysandbirds.
D.Mostinsectscanbetrainedtounderstandnumbers.
8.Whatdidthescientistsdointheexperimentswiththebees?
A.Thebeeswerepresentedwithonecardeachtime.
B.Thebeesweretrainedtochoosethecardwithmoreshapes.
C.Thebeeswererewardedwhentheychoseanintendedcard.
D.Differentgroupsofbeesweretrainedatthesametime.
9.HowdidScarlettHowardprovebeeshadtheconceptofzero?
A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bydesigningcards.
C.Byshowingnumbers.D.Bydoingexperimments.
10.Whyisthestudyimportant?
A.ItshowstheremightbeeasierwaystotrainAI.
B.Itprovesthatanimalscanunderstandwhatzerois.
C.Itsuggestsbeescancompletemorechallengingtasks
D.Itexplainstheimportanceofzeroinmodernmathematics.
Formorethanacentury,studentjournalistsattheDailyTarHeel(DTH)havewrittenaboutlifeatUNC-ChapelHill,USandraisedquestionsontheissuesoffreeexpression,education,andbig-timeathletics.
Theindependentstudentnewspaperrecentlycelebratedits125thanniversary(周年).Tomarkthespecialday,studentreportersaskedthequestion:
What’sthefutureoftheDTH?
Theproudnewspaperhasbeensearchingfortheanswer,andsohavecollegenewspapersacrosstheUS.
Studentnewspapersarefacingadarkreality.Astheyarefreetoread,theyaremakinglessmoneythanever,meaningthatsuchnewspapersarefindingithardtosurvive.
Mostcollegepapershavereducedtheirprinteditions(版本).Lastyear,theDTHprintedapaperfourdaysaweek.Thisyear,itprintsapapereverythreedays.Andwhileitusedtoproducearound22,000newspaperseachtime,itonlymakesaround10,000now,saidEricaPerel,generalmanager.
Increasingly,studentjournalistshaveturnedtheirfocustodigitalversionsoftheirnewspapers,andthenewwaysthatsocialmediaallowsthemtotellstories.They’veadapted(使适应)theirskillstomirrorwhat’sgoingonintheprofessionaljournalismworld.
“Ithinkwe’readaptingverywell…inmovingawayfromthatprintmentality(心态).Butit’schallenging,”saidJonathanCarter,astudentatNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.
Sowhatshouldstudentnewspapersdo?
LoMontesaidthebestsolutionwouldbeforuniversitiestofinancially(经济上)supportstudentjournalism.
Universityleadersliketotalkaboutproducingcivically(公民地)responsiblestudents,hesaid,andjournalismisapartofthat.“Collegesanduniversitieshavetorecognizeindependentmediacoverageasacivicgoodandstepuptotheplate,”hesaid.
Inthemeantime,campusnewspapersarefiguringouttheirfinancialmodelsastheygoalong.
BrucedePyssler,advisertoNorthCarolinaCentralUniversit’sCampusEchonewspaper,saidhisstudentspostonestoryadayonline.Thebeststoriesareputtogetherforaonce-a-semester(学期)printedition.
Andevenifstudentjournalistsdon’tgointomediajobs,Perelsaid,they’vestillhadagreateducation.
“Thenumberonethingthatweteachiscritical(批判性)thinkingandhowtobealifelonglearner,”shesaid.“Theoneswhoarelivingthroughthistransition(过渡)aretheonesthataregoingtobealotstrongerforitintheend.”
11.WhatcanbereadaboutattheDailyTarHeel(DTH)?
A.Somefamoussportsfacilities.B.Articleonthereportersofthepaper
C.Columnsaboutthefreesubjects.D.Students’collegelife.
12.Whatismakingithardforstudentnewspaperstosurvivenowadays?
A.Poorprintingquality.B.Theimpactofdigitalmedia.
C.Expensiveadvertisingfees.D.Alackofstudentreporters.
13.WhatdoesLoMontesuggeststudentnewspapersdotosurvive?
A.Reduceprinteditions.B.Askcollegesformoney.
C.Publishmoredigitaleditions.D.Createtheirownfinancialmodels.
14.Howcanstudentjournalistsbenefitfromthejob,inPerel’sopinion?
A.Theybecomegoodatstorytelling.B.Theygainproblem-solvingskills.
C.Theybecomealogicalthinker.D.Theylearnhowtobealifelonglearner.
15.What’sthearticlemainlyabout?
A.TheproudhistoryoftheDailyTarHeel.
B.Studentreportersadaptingtochangingsituations.
C.SchoolnewspapersunderthreatinthedigitalageintheUS
D.Anexampleofhowtocombinetraditionalnewspaperswithnewmedia.
二、七选五
Travelingabroadcanberiskyevenwhenyouhavethebestintentionstogetalongwiththenatives.Everythingfromgreetingtoeatingcanbeachancetodosomethingwrong,andnotonlyembarrassyourself,butoffendyourhostcountryfriends.16.
Personalspacevariesasyoutraveltheglobe.Firstobservewhatlocalsaredoingandfollowsuit.Ineasterncountries,rememberthattouchingandpublicdisplaysofaffectionareunacceptable.InplaceslikeQatarandSaudiArabia,menandwomenareforbiddenfrominteractinginpublic,letalonetouching.
TalkingoverdinnerisnotacceptableinAfrica,Japan,ThailandandFinland.17.You’relikelybemetwithsilence-notbecauseyourgroupisunfriendly,butbecausemealtimeisforeating,nottalking.Alsoavoidtheirconversationsinplacesa